Description of the plant Dendrobium Nobile and care for it

Such a charming plant as dendrobium nobile cannot but conquer with its decorativeness and grace. Therefore, this exotic flower is a favorite among many gardeners. Today we will tell you how to propagate, transplant dendrobium nobile at home, and what kind of flower needs care.

Description of the plant Dendrobium Nobile and its care

Description

This is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Orchidaceae family. In the natural environment, this flower grows on a tree, hence the name “dendrobium”, which means “living on a tree.”

The homeland of this exotic plant is the tropical zones of Japan, the Philippines, Australia, Oceania, China and New Zealand.

In nature, there are more than 1000 varieties that differ in color of petals, leaves, flowering time and location of flower buds.

Features of care

Cultivation of this variety of orchids is not easy and will require some skills and knowledge from you. To grow a healthy and decorative flowering plant, it is important to know how to care for it.

Temperature conditions

At home, the thermophilic species of the dendrobium nobile orchid need a moderate temperature regime :

• in the summer during the daytime – 2-25 °, at night – 15-20 °;
• in the winter during the day – within 20 °, at night – not lower than 17 °.

For cold-resistant varieties, a different temperature regime is suitable:

• In summer during the daytime – 15-18 °, at night – about 13 °;
• in winter in the afternoon – about 11 °, at night – about 9 °.

Ear of Dendrobium nobile is a prerequisite for an abundant and colorful blooms.

Illumination

Among all the varieties of the orchid family, this species is particularly fond of good lighting. For the full growth, development and flowering of dendrobium nobile, a 12-hour light day is required. It is important to protect from direct sunlight, otherwise the delicate leaves and petals of the plants will get burned.

In the summer, indoor plants can be taken outside – to the garden or balcony. In winter, to ensure a 12-hour daylight hours, plants are illuminated with artificial light using LED or fluorescent lamps.

Watering

Given that this flower comes from the tropics, it needs to provide such growing conditions at home. In the warm season, dendrobium nobile requires frequent, but moderate watering, to eliminate the risk of rotting of the roots. During dormancy, when the plant ceases to bloom, the soil is rarely moistened – once a month.

Watering is carried out with warm, standing water, because this plant has very delicate and fragile roots. When watering the cold water, the root system cools down and the plants begin to hurt.

Humidity

The optimal moisture levels for dendrobium nobile are 55-80%. To achieve such indicators at home is very easy. In summer, plants should be taken out to fresh air and sprayed from a spray bottle. In winter, during the dormant period, the pot with the plant is placed on a tray with wet gravel.

Fertilizers

Home care for the dendrobium nobile orchid requires regular feeding. In this case, it is recommended to exclude all experiments with self-preparation of a nutrient mixture or solution. Since this plant has very delicate roots and in case of an excess of nutrients, they can get severe burns. It is not always possible to reanimate a plant burned with ores.

Liquid complex fertilizers are used for the dendrobium nobile orchid. The first feeding takes place when the plants are just starting to bloom.The second and subsequent meals are held every 3 weeks. In the process, watering and top dressing of dendrobium nobile is combined to eliminate the risk of burning roots.

The concentration of top dressing for this plant is taken half as much as written in the instructions. Since highly concentrated fertilizer can destroy the roots of the plant.

It is recommended to feed heat-loving species and varieties with phosphorus-potassium preparations once a month, even during dormancy in winter. Such plants will smell better and bloom more abundantly.

Cold-resistant species are fertilized with nitrogen-containing preparations to stimulate the growth of green mass.

Care for flowering specimens

The plant blooms for a very long time

Each dendrobium blooms at different times years and lasts from 8 to 12 weeks. It’s not difficult to take care of a flowering specimen, the main thing to consider is some of the rules:

1. When preparing plants for this important stage, it is necessary to ensure a sharp temperature difference – by 6-7 ° both in the daytime and at night. This is a natural phenomenon in nature, which is why flower growers also try to reproduce it at home.
2. The plant is no longer watered for a while to make it bloom and grow a new shoot with roots. Then watering resumes.As soon as the new stem reaches the height of the old pseudobulbs, the plant is again stopped watering and the content temperature is reduced to 12 °. You can not water until it releases flower buds. Otherwise, instead of flowers, the plant will acquire children.

Such care for the dendrobium nobile orchid during the flowering period is carried out in the winter.

Features of care after flowering

The dendrobium nobile flower, which has ceased to bloom, gradually ceases to water. The flower stalk is cut off, and the pot with the plant is transferred to a cool and dark place. During this period, he begins a phase of rest. Under such conditions, he will rest and prepare for a new flowering.

Under natural conditions, such a flower does not have a resting phase – it constantly grows leaves, shoots or overgrows with children. In our latitudes, in the winter season, the days are short (it gets light and gets dark early). Therefore, the plant can hibernate and completely stop growing. To prevent this, he needs to provide a full daylight hours. To do this, you need artificial lighting. The lamp is installed at a distance of 0.5 m from the flowerpot and is turned on in the morning and evening hours.

Transplant rules

Orchid dendrobium nobile does not tolerate the transplant procedure. But once every 3 years the plant becomes crowded in the old tank and it just needs to be transplanted.

Transplantation of varieties in which flowering occurs in the fall, is carried out with the beginning of the growth of young shoots. Species blooming in spring are transplanted after they have completely faded.

The plant is transplanted into a container 2-3 cm deeper than the previous one. To do this, you can use a plastic pot or clay pot. Moisten well before transplanting.

2-3 pebbles are placed on the bottom of the container, which will ensure the stability of the pot. Then, a drainage layer of pieces of foam or expanded clay is laid. A large-crustic crust is laid up – 2 cm. And then I transplant the dendrobium nobile by the method of transshipment of an earthen coma. Top add a new store substrate. The nutritional mixture consists of coconut chips, pine bark, charcoal and sphagnum moss.

Propagation methods

There are two ways to grow indoor flowers of this variety at home. Let us consider each method in detail.

Cuttings

As practice shows, propagation by dendrobium nobile by cuttings has been a positive success. To get the cuttings, you need to choose a healthy and strong pseudobulb in the plant. Separate it from the uterine plant and cut into 10 cm long cuttings. The cut in each cutle must be processed. This will prevent infection and the development of the disease in future plants.

The cuttings are placed in a transparent plastic bag with moistened sphagnum moss (2 shoots per bag).Then the bags are tightly closed and stored at room temperature (22-24 °) under diffused daylight. Every day they need to be aired and watched so that they do not dry out. If necessary, sphagnum moss can be sprayed from the spray gun.

If all the storage rules are observed, after about 3 weeks the first roots will be released. After that, they can be planted in new pots using the same substrate as during transplantation.

Propagation by cuttings makes it possible to obtain a new plant that will produce the first flower buds 2-3 years after planting.

Division of the uterine bush

Reproduction by children is carried out after the plant fades – during transplantation. The root system is removed from the pot, the roots unravel. Cut off the part that is difficult to unravel. It is divided into several parts. Each delenka must have at least one germ and 2 bulbs. The places of cuts are sprinkled with wood ash and greased with garden varieties.

Separate the divisions separately in a nutritious and universal substrate specially designed for indoor orchids.

Diseases

Only with proper care does the flower blossom

because improper care, these indoor flowers are often sick and affected by harmful insects.

Fusarium wilting

The most dangerous and common disease is fusarium. Its causative agent is a fungal infection. Parasitic microbes penetrate deep into the tissues of the leaves and stems of plants, affecting the vascular system. As a result, the plant begins to wither sharply, wither, and dies.

Causes of the causative agent:

• saline soil;
• frequent waterlogging of the soil;
• watering with cold water;
• The increased content of peat in the soil contributes to the development of pathogenic microflora, including fungus.

The affected flower is quarantined. Resuscitation is carried out as follows: the decayed and wilted parts are cut with a knife and treated with iodine or brilliant green. After this, a general treatment of the plant from the fungus with the preparation Fundazol or Benomil is performed.

Sticky drops on the foliage

The reasons for the appearance of sticky drops on the plants may be different:

• not regular watering;
• oversupply of nutrients in the soil;
• self-protection from harmful insects.

There is another reason which sticky drops appear on the leaves of orchids – it is possible that this is a vital product of parasites. If a molting moth sticks to such Velcro, the appearance of a disease such as powdery mildew cannot be avoided.

First a light powdery coating appears on the foliage, then the leaves turn black.Plants infected with powdery mildew are treated with insecticides – Actellik or Aktara.

Pests

In addition to diseases, this indoor flower also has pests that can not only slow down growth, inhibit flowering, but also lead to the death of the indoor flower:

1. Thrips. First hit the top, then the bottom side of the leaves. Thrips-infected foliage takes on a grayish or silver hue. If you do not take timely measures, the leaves completely fall off. For medical treatment, insecticides are used.
2. Scale. These are insects resembling brown plaques. They settle on the surface of leaves, dig into their tissues and suck out juices. At first the foliage turns yellow, then it dries and crumbles. Processing is carried out with Actellik’s solution and soapy solution.
3. whitefly. A microscopic moth that settles on the underside of the leaves also lays eggs in the same place. Parasites suck juice from the leaves of plants, as a result, the leaf turns yellow, then blackens, dries and falls.

Difficulties in growing

Often the cause of diseases and parasites on this plant is illiterate and untimely care:

• the tips of the leaves turn yellow due to an excess of sunlight or overfeeding with fertilizers;
• wilting and shedding of leaves is caused by excessive watering or lack of daylight;
• cold watering leads to rotting of the root system and the development of the disease – root rot;
• from a lack of nutrients, the flowers suspend their growth and cease to bloom.

The best and newest varieties

Currently, the dendrobium nobile orchid has several decorative-flowering varieties that have gained great popularity among flower growers:

1. Kumiko. This is a hybrid species, about 12-13 cm high. The leaves are leathery, dark green in color, trunks-pseudobudes. On one peduncle, up to 10 flowers are located. Snow-white petals with pale pink fringing. With good care, it blooms profusely and for a long time (about 12 weeks).
2. Irene smile. A hybrid plant with fleshy stems, pseudobulbs and thick leathery foliage. The height of the flower is about 50 cm. Several flower buds are formed on each floral branch. The flowers are white-lilac, yellow throat. Thin a pleasant aroma. Blooms once a year, duration – 12 weeks.
3. Apollo. Tall hybrid reaching 70 cm in height. The leaves are dense, dark green, leathery.Trunks-pseudobulbs are fleshy. Blooms profusely with white flowers with a yellow throat. Produces several peduncles. About 10 flower buds are formed on one flower branch. The duration of flowering is 10-12 weeks. It blooms once a year.
4. Orange or orange. Tall hybrid plant – 55 cm tall. With good care, produces up to 3 peduncles. The flowers are yellow or orange. Flowering occurs once a year and lasts 8-10 weeks.
5. Noble. One of the most beautiful exotic species with white flowers and purple fringing on the petals. The trunks-pseudobulbs are massive, the leaves are green, leathery. Plant height – 50-55 cm. Issues from 1 to 3 peduncles. With good care, it can bloom 2-3 times a year.