It is difficult to find an apartment or office space where plants are not standing in flowerpots. But they look different: some delight all year round with lush greenery and flowers, others – miserable, frail. The type of home flower beds depends on the ability to properly care for them throughout the year.
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Spring
In mid-March, they begin to transplant plants, the need for which is indicated by the strong entanglement of the earth’s clod with roots, acidification of the soil, and drying of the ends of the leaves. It is impossible to transplant flowering plants that have started to grow; they do this at the end of flowering and lignification of young shoots.
It should also be borne in mind that in a very large container, the earth quickly turns sour, the roots rot. Before planting, the flowerpots are placed in water for one to two hours so that its walls are well moistened, then a crock is placed hump up on the hole in the bottom and a centimeter layer of sand, coarse or fine gravel is poured. Earth is poured over the sand and a plant is planted in it.
During transplantation, the roots are examined; dead, rotten and broken ones are removed by filling the wounded place with crushed charcoal.
Large plants, such as palms in tubs, are replanted after five to six years, mostly when the old tub is rotting.
Hydrangea blooms, as a rule, in April-May. Faded plants are kept in a semi-dark place, after cutting out old, faded shoots. Only young ones are left, located closer to the root collar.
It is necessary to properly formulate an earthy mixture for each plant. It should be moderately nutritious, allow air and water to pass through well, and have the necessary acidity.
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Summer
It’s time for most plants to bloom. Vegetative reproduction continues (rose, jasmine, geranium and others).
At this time of the year, fast-growing ones are transshipped if the roots are entwined with a clod of earth. Plants are transferred into a large bowl, without damaging the clod of earth with roots, but only adding earth. Until growth resumes, they should not be exhibited in sun-drenched places.
Watering in summer for most plants is plentiful. However, already faded plants should be watered sparingly. Spraying is carried out in the shade, in the morning and in the evening, it is also a prophylaxis in the fight against spider mites and thrips.
Autumn
At this time of the year, indoor plants go dormant. Plants that shed their leaves for the winter are placed in a basement or a cool place in the room. Plants brought in from the balcony or garden should not be placed near the battery. Keep them cool at first. Roses and fuchsias can be placed between double frames.
Watering of plants is gradually reduced, only spraying continues. Fertilization stops.
With the beginning of the heating season, the air in the rooms becomes dry, which negatively affects most plants. Their leaves turn yellow and dry. To avoid this, place dishes with water on top of the batteries or spread a damp cloth. It is good to have aquariums or other utensils with water in the room.
Winter
In winter, flowering plants such as jasmine, zygocactus, maple, begonia, eucharis, azalea, saintpaulia are regularly watered and fed with a 0,1% solution of mineral fertilizer. During severe frosts at night, the flowers are removed from the window, and in the daytime a transparent film is hung on the window to close it from the cold air.
In January-February, seeds are sown that germinate for a long time (palms, cannes, camellias and other plants with a hard skin). Previously, the seeds are soaked in water for 3-5 days or doused with boiling water 2-3 times. You can cut the hard shell of the seed.
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Reproduction of plants
Fast-growing seeds are sown in March, long-growing seeds – in January, February.
Amaryllis, hemantus, krinum, Amazon lily (eucharis), upstarts (zephyranthes), pancratium (Nile lily) and others reproduce with bulbs. In these plants, young children are formed from the buds in the axils of the scales of the old bulb. Baby bulbs separate from old ones when they develop their own roots.
The offspring are formed from developing buds on fleshy roots, such as curculigo, or on terrestrial organs. For example, in chlorophytum, at the ends of flower arrows, children are formed – rosettes of leaves with aerial roots. Such offspring are separated from the mother plant and planted in small pots.
Propagation by rhizomes (division) is used when plants grow in width (aspidistra, cyperus, calla, arrowroot, asparagus, fern, and others). Plants that are planned to be taken out to the balcony or garden are kept in a cool place and watered sparingly to retard growth. They need to be hardened – taken out to the balcony for several hours every day, and the room should be well ventilated. Plants should be placed on the balcony after the frost stops, at first shade from the sun.
