How to plant tomatoes in the open ground

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The most popular crop, after potatoes, is tomatoes. All summer residents seek to increase the yield of their plants. Most varieties require additional stimulation in the form of pinching. Many beginner gardeners ask how to pinch tomatoes in the open ground and why.

Content
  1. The essence of the procedure and why it is needed
  2. Rules for removing shoots
  3. Removing extra shoots for determinant varieties of crops
  4. How to do it right
  5. Crown formation on indeterminate bushes
  6. How is
  7. Summarized

Правила пасынкование помидор в открытом грунте

Rules for pinching a tomato in open ground

The essence of the procedure and why it is needed

Tomatoes in open ground or in a greenhouse are far from necessary for all varieties. Certain varieties can grow in the natural conditions of open ground without additional stimulation and yield a large crop, but in most cases stimulation will nevertheless be required. Patching a tomato in open ground is the removal of additional sprouts slowing down the growth of the plant.

Most small lateral processes do not bear fruit, but only take on nutrients and energy, resulting in fruit later oluchayutsya smaller, and the productivity is greatly reduced. Plus, pinching is a good prevention against late blight and other viral diseases.The shoots should be 3-5 cm shoots, if they are larger, they should not be removed anymore, otherwise you can introduce an infection or damage the stem.

In open ground, pinching allows you to save useful substances that the plant receives from the soil. So the bush will not spend its energy on maintaining extra shoots, and the ovaries will fully develop. Experienced gardeners recommend a manual pinching procedure by pinching the sprouts with your fingers to reduce the risk of infection with tools. For the same reason, you should water the plants only a couple of days after the manipulations, during which time the damaged place will be delayed.

Rules for removing shoots

It’s important not only to pinch off the extra shoots, and do it right and on time. To properly pinch tomatoes, you need not to miss the moment of formation of brushes. Remove all ovaries that grow below the inflorescence. Those that are above the inflorescence leave.

In order to prevent the spread of infection, you need to ensure that the juice does not get into your hands, because it is through it that spores of fungi are transmitted. When stepsoning, the lowest leaves are also removed. Before removal, you need to make sure that the trunks are dry, well lit by the sun. Watering plants is possible only two days after the manipulation. Varieties of pinching:

  • scheme in 1 shoot;
  • scheme in 2 or more shoots.

Correctly carry out manipulations to remove sprouts every 7-10 days. However, this does not mean that everything needs to be done in this time frame. In many ways, the timing of pinching will be dependent on the weather. If it rains for several days, you will have to postpone the stepsoning until the bushes and soil are dry. This, in fact, is the difficulty of growing tomato crops in open ground, because in the greenhouse you can pinch tomatoes at a time convenient for the gardener.

Properly pinch off the sprouts even smaller when they have not reached 5 cm, larger the stems, when cut off, leave large open areas on the main sprout, which can cause infection. If you do not fulfill all the requirements, then the sprouts will begin to be laid through each leaf. In this case, the summer resident will receive a branched green bush with a small number of ovaries.

Removing extra shoots for determinant varieties of crops

It is imperative to pinch determinant tomatoes in open ground. It is typical for these tomatoes to stop their growth on their own and weakly branch. In order for the plant to grow correctly, you need to have time to carry out the pinching procedure before the first buds appear. Bushes mainly form single-stemmed, less often with a double stem. There is no need to step on the top. This will allow you to get tomatoes from several inflorescences at a time.

The fewer leaves there are on the bush, the better and larger the fruits will be.Low bushes very often throw out a lot of inflorescences, and the stems branch. If not to pinch, then the crop appears much later. When the first ovary ripens, the tillering process stops, but at the same time the process of development of the remaining fruits. The fact is that the plant must send to several points many minerals of the same type, and naturally more developed fruits will be taken first of all, as a result, many small fruits will be obtained.

The growth of determinant tomatoes occurs when 3-4 branches. After that, the sprouts continue to grow. The initial brush appears above the 6-8 leaf. The following brushes will be placed every 2 leaves or may even go in a row.

How to do it right

Проводить процедуру лучше в сухую и тёплую погоду

It is better to carry out the procedure in dry and warm weather

The crown formation pattern of the determinate tomato variety:

  • execution stepsoning in open ground begins before the first buds appear, after the formation of 6 leaves, when tying the bush;
  • manipulation should only be done in dry, warm weather;
  • when pinching the pain of your shoots of 5 cm, it is better to leave a stump (large damage on the main stem can lead to the appearance of gray rot);
  • rubber gloves should be worn before removal.

In one crown, the tomato should be formed before the appearance of 3-4 brushes, then having chosen the strongest stepson, they begin to form the second. After a couple of inflorescences, you can also form the 3rd. Everything will depend on weather conditions. In the cool climate of the Moscow Region, for example, only 1 crown should be left for the crop to ripen before the end of July.

Crown formation on indeterminate bushes

Tomato varieties with unlimited growth also should be stepson. Unlike determinants, their growth does not stop on their own, so you have to remove the top. The number of stepsons left will depend on the weather. The longer the warm weather will stand, the more crowns can be formed.

Without pinching, indeterminate varieties will not produce much tomato. They scrub too quickly, so they need to be stepsoned constantly. Branches grow in all inter-leaf spaces. Missed, large stepchildren take a lot of minerals into themselves, which leads to a decrease in the quantity and quality of tomatoes, sometimes even affects the taste.

How is it done

Pattern of pinching of indeterminate tomatoes:

  • pick all the stepsons before the first buds appear: at this stage, there should be 6-8 leaves on the bush;
  • tie up all the plants;
  • in three inflorescences can form the 2nd stem;
  • another 2 inflorescences form the 3rd powerful process.

In general, indeterminate tomato varieties are left with only 1 branch. From one crown you can get a lot more tomatoes than from 2-3. The formation of 2 or more stems involves leaving the same number of stepsons. Over time, they are converted into additional stems. All other stepchildren should be removed. In open ground conditions, pinching of indeterminate varieties is to limit the growth of the main stem.

Generalization of information

How to pinch tomatoes in open ground? This question is much controversial. Pasynkovka procedure is very important for increasing productivity. Without pinching, only a few varieties can produce a normal crop. It is recommended to carry out the procedure before the first inflorescences appear.

The pinching patterns for indeterminate and determinant varieties are slightly different. For plants with unlimited growth, the procedure is pinching the growth point. It is also recommended for them to apply the scheme of formation of one stem, so it will turn out to significantly increase productivity. For determinant varieties, it is recommended to choose a scheme for forming 2 stems.

Tomatoes quickly grow if all leaves from the lower part of the plant are removed during the ripening period. At the stage of the appearance of the first ovaries, it is recommended to gradually remove the leaves around them. For the full development of the fruit, 8-10 leaves are enough.It is important to remember that in 1 day more than 2-3 stepsons cannot be removed, it is better to postpone the procedure and carry out it in 7-10 days.

SESSION TOMATO HOW TO CORRECTLY AND WHEN TO DO
Partitioning and TOMATO Formation to increase yield / Parting Tomato
How to grow TOMATOES in open ground. Feeding. Mulching. Sprouting
Adopting tomatoes
Formation of open ground tomatoes

Also, one should not forget about the precautions during the formation of the crown:

  • the hands should be gloves;
  • you need to ensure that the juice does not fall on the hands;
  • it is impossible to cut the sprouts with metal objects;
  • if the sprouts are too thick, it is advisable to leave a stump otya would be 1mm.

All these rules must be observed so as not to cause infection. All manipulations should be carried out in dry, warm weather. You should not neglect pinching, otherwise the sprouts will form through one sheet and then you will get just a large decorative bush, and the tomatoes will not appear.

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Anna Evans

Author ✓ Farmer

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