It is not difficult to grow cucumbers in the garden or in the greenhouse if you arrange the right care. Timely moistening of the soil will help strengthen plants and avoid bush diseases. How to water cucumbers: regularly, in a timely manner and with an established norm. Such humidification is effective and economical in a continental climate: due to the surface root system of the bush, water is poorly retained, and the earth quickly dries up. For greenhouses, the regularity of irrigation is also important.
Why water the cucumbers
Cucumbers grow quickly and require attention. Bushes with proper irrigation rarely get sick and give a stable crop even in drought. During the formation of vines before the onset of ovaries, a special regime of soil moisture is not necessary. The Irrigation mode is established after the first ovaries appear: soil moisture is painted every few days without fertilizing.
Basic rules
How often to water cucumbers is determined by several factors at once: type culture and its location. Most garden varieties have wide leaves that evaporate moisture, and the root system of cucumbers does not retain water.For these reasons, the bushes are moistened at least 3 times a week: the bushes are sprayed and the root is watered.
Seedlings do not need abundant watering: the first stage of soil moisture occurs on 3-4 days. Before the first flowers appear, watering occurs as the soil dries. It is better to irrigate the ground around the bushes in the morning or late evening.
Watering in open ground
Watering the cucumbers should be strictly under the root or from above, so as not to harm the root system. In the open field, the leaves of the bush are weak, so they are additionally irrigated with water.
How to water cucumbers in the open field:
- For the irrigation, ordinary tap water is used;
- the degree of moistening of the bushes is determined by the state of the soil – if the water is not absorbed, the soil is saturated enough and the next fertilizer is prescribed after 2-3 days;
- mature bushes can be irrigated with cold water in the morning and only at room temperature in the evening;
- morning watering is carried out before the sun, and evening after the sun sets, should avoid strong solar activity.
In the care of the bushes, 2 indicators are taken into account – humidity and ambient temperature. Watering cucumbers on open ground is carried out during the day only in cold weather.
If the weather is sunny without rain, the soil is moistened according to a simple scheme: the norm per 1 m2 is 15 liters of water. Seedlings are irrigated from a watering can twice a day. An adult bush that has started to bloom needs 15-25 liters of clean water per 1 m2.After the appearance of fruits, the irrigation rate increases by 5-10 liters. If you follow this pattern, the crop will grow without difficulty.
Watering methods
It is possible to water only with warm water
To replenish moisture, use: hose, watering can, bottle watering and sprinkling method. For each method chosen, the water is heated to the optimum temperature: for open ground, a suitable temperature is 18-20 ° C.
For large beds, an installed system is used that irrigates at the set interval – the person determines how many times to water cucumbers.
Watering with a watering can
Cucumbers are grown on beds of different sizes, depending on the area of planting, plants for irrigation of bushes are selected. For small beds it is enough to use a watering can. This is the easiest way to water cucumbers.
A watering can is also used if the land is small. In such cases, only warm water heated in the sun is used.
Watering with a hose
Watering with a hose is carried out from a source (from a well, water supply or tank). During the passage of water through the hose, it heats up a little and with the help of a special nozzle it is evenly sprayed onto the plants.
It is not necessary to use a hose for stunted bushes, but for high stems such watering is the most optimal: it moisturizes leaves and lashes. Watering with a hose can be carried out no more than 3 times a week: to save money, you can alternate irrigation with a watering can and a hose.
Bottle method
Drop watering will preserve the leaves and roots of the plant , and quickly nourish the bush with moisture. The advantages of the bottle method include low cost, additional fertilizer and simplicity. How to water cucumbers in the open ground with a bottle:
- you need a few plastic bottles with a thin neck;
- in the upper part of the bottle (will be immersed in the soil) make 15-17 small holes through which water will ooze;
- the bottom of the bottle is cut.
Bottles are being prepared for planting seedlings. Homemade devices are buried near the roots of the seedlings every 2-3 meters. A capron is stretched around the bottles, which will not allow the holes to become clogged with soil.
How to pour cucumbers in the open ground with the help of bottles: a bottle is buried 2 cm above the holes made and periodically filled with cold water and nutrients. As the soil dries, moisture will enter the root system from a filled bottle.
Sprinkle the bushes
Sprinkle can be used in heat
Sprinkling is a modern way of watering garden or greenhouse crops. Most of all, this method is used in hot weather, when ordinary irrigation is ineffective.
Sprinkling is based on the organization of irrigation of crops by spraying water in the form of rain. Moisture is sprayed over the bushes, creating the same effect as rain – watering is carried out evenly over the entire green surface of the plant. The sprinklers consist of pumping and power equipment, the main and distribution piping.
Watering in the greenhouse
The frequency of irrigation depends on the frequency of ventilation of the greenhouse: air and drafts must not be allowed to stagnate. Do not moisten greenhouse plants with cold water. On hot days, watering is carried out every day in the evening. The irrigation system for the greenhouse is calculated from the norm of 10 liters per 1 m2. After prolonged frosts, the rate of soil moisture decreases to 3 liters per 1 m2. In addition, you need to correctly measure the air humidity in the greenhouse: the plant is nourished immediately in 2 ways – from the soil and air.
When and how to properly water the cucumbers: after the appearance of the ovaries, it is better to reduce the irrigation work, and the ground should be dried. Water the soil with mineral fertilizers should not be more than 1 time per week.After the appearance of Zelentsy, the irrigation system resumes until the time of harvest.
Irrigation methods
In greenhouse conditions, special systems are installed that work independently – constant watering is provided. To irrigate plants in a greenhouse, use:
- automated watering;
- drip method.
How to properly water cucumbers in a greenhouse: only with warm water (warmed up). After watering, the greenhouse must be aired. Stagnation of air and excessive watering do not allow the cultivation of healthy bushes of cucumbers.
Automated method
Planting seedlings in greenhouses is carried out in late autumn, the regime of irrigation is organized in parallel: during this period, for cucumbers in the greenhouse, a separate an autonomous system that provides plants with the correct level of humidity. Autowatering is installed throughout the winter: before installing autowatering, the soil around the seedlings loosens and fertilizes well.
Autowatering provides the desired level of moisture in the greenhouse. It directly depends on the structure of the structure: the right microclimate is created in polycarbonate greenhouses. Replenishment with warm water leads to the evaporation of excess moisture, which settles on the leaves of the bushes – this process significantly reduces the amount of irrigation work.
Drop method
The drip wetting technology is convenient and economical. Such a system consists of a pump and perforated pipes. A drip device is installed before or after transplanting seedlings.It is better to install the system in advance, and for holes in the pipes, calculate the holes for seedlings. Water from the system often enters the ground, but not in large quantities – there is enough moisture for the rhizome.
The cultivation of cucumbers in the greenhouse is automated because of the large of the number of plants:. if the fit is too dense and often difficult to regularly monitor the irrigation pump in the system maintains a constant pressure in the pipes, and the timer allows the spraying of plants and bushes at regular intervals. Cucumbers are fed around the clock. It’s better to buy a ready-made stand-alone system for greenhouses: a homemade installation from several pipes is cheaper, but not so reliable.
Conclusion
Soil moistening is an important part of caring for garden and greenhouse crops. In open ground, cucumbers eat better due to rains and high humidity.
To properly water greenhouse cucumbers, it is necessary to create a special microclimate. Automatic devices will help to irrigate the bushes around the clock.
