Popular horse breeds

It takes a lot of time to describe all the breeds of horses. Today there are several hundred of them, each of which has its own advantages. We will consider those horse breeds that, for various reasons, attract the attention of amateur horse breeders. We will also talk about interesting facts related to these amazing animals.

Content
  1. Riding and draft horses
  2. Classification options for horses
  3. Oldenburg
  4. Lusitano
  5. Vyatka horse
  6. Karabakh horse
  7. Kamargu
  8. American riding
  9. Altai horse
  10. Kyrgyz horse
  11. Caspian horse
  12. Haflinger
  13. Morgan
  14. The most beautiful horse breeds
  15. Features of some horse breeds
  16. Sport horses
  17. Conclusion <

Различные породы лошадей

Different breeds of horses

Riding and draft horses

Each The horse has its purpose. The horses are divided into:

  • riding;
  • harnessed.

The purpose of riding horses is horse riding and participation in sports. A group of horse-drawn horses is also singled out here. They can be used for transportation of goods of small weight. They can also be put in harness, but too often experts do not advise doing this: such horses have a different purpose, which should not be forgotten. The top-draft breeds include Kustanai, Budenovskaya.

Riding horses have good speed qualities, but endurance leaves much to be desired. In draft horses, on the contrary, endurance is very well developed, which cannot be said about speed data. Riding breeds are Akhal-Teke (Turkmen breed), Arabian

Верховая лошадь

Riding horse

Draft horses are conventionally divided into light and heavy harness. The first group includes horses that are capable of trotting in a team, but it is difficult for these animals to perform heavy work. Heavy-duty breeds are used for hard work – they are distinguished by endurance. Heavy-duty are the Russian breed and the Vladimir heavy truck. A prominent representative of light-duty horses is the Oryol breed.

Упряжные кони

Draft horses

Classification options for horses

You can also classify horses on other grounds. For example, you can highlight the popular horses in each country. If we talk about Polish breeds, one of the most valuable is Greater Poland.

Famous Russian breeds are the Russian horse, Donskaya, Vyatka, Orlov trotter (it is also called the Orlov trotter), Russian trotter and Bashkir. Many of these breeds did not appear on their own (the Oryol trotter or the Russian trotter, for example). These are human-bred breeds.

In their historical homeland, the Spanish horses of the Andalusian breed are popular. In Australia, the Australian horse is valued, in Finland – the Finnish horse, in Ukraine – the Ukrainian horse, in Denmark, respectively, Danish, or, as it is also called, Frederiksborg, in the Baltic – Zhemayskaya, and the Mustang breed is most common in the USA (these are wild, and not horses drawn). In the scientific world, it is believed that it was first discovered by Columbus during his expedition, and these horses inhabited the prairies of North America.

You can also classify horses according to the type of terrain in which they live: forest, mountain (mountain ), steppe. Also, a breed table can be created based on the orientation of the horses. So, let’s say, some breeds can be distinguished as walking, some as sports, and some as workers.

Before proceeding to the description of some breeds, I want to note that in our country there are many stables. There is even a shelter for horses. Bred breeds are under the supervision of specialists. Several stables are located near the suburbs. For beginners, this is a good chance to get riding skills and beautiful photos. There you can ride even a thoroughbred riding horse. You can choose a horse yourself.

Oldenburg

Germany is the birthplace of the Oldenburg horse.Breeding is mainly done near the city of Oldenburg, which is why it got its name.

The Oldenburg horse is one of the largest and heaviest. Also, these horses are unusually high.

Mention of this breed is still in the documents of the XVII century. Breeders sought to get a harness horse that could drag a carriage with people. The experts coped with the task. During breeding, stallions brought from Italy and Spain were used.

Ольденбургская порода лошадей

Oldenburg breed horses

The height at the withers of the Oldenbur horse is on average 175 cm. Moreover, it has a rather large constitution.

Representatives of this breed ripen somewhat earlier than representatives of other large breeds.

The length of the body varies from 165 to 175 cm. The chest girth averages 200 cm. The horse has well-developed muscles, strong shoulders and legs.

If we talk about the exterior, the head of the Oldenbur horse looks neat. Her ears are set high on her. Harmoniously fits into the exterior of the withers of the correct form. Wide croup is well developed. In general, the back of the massive horse is strong enough.

The Oldenburg horse has wide joints, the hooves, as well as the entire body, are quite large.

Endurance and high growth are the features of the Oldenbur horse.German horses can be used as labor or a cab. In ancient times, they took part in hostilities. Due to their considerable size, individuals were already fearsome in their appearance, and tall gave an advantage over riders on smaller horses.

Today Oldenbur horses successfully perform in sports. True, horse racing does not suit a large horse, but show jumping and dressage are those disciplines where they can prove themselves. Representatives of the breed also participate in various ceremonies.

Lusitano

Portugal is the homeland of Lusitano. The second name of Lusitano is the Portuguese horse. This is a riding horse with its own characteristics. It does not apply to large ones. The height at the withers averages 160 cm for horses and 155 cm for mares. Something aristocratic is in this breed. Maybe this is the so-called “Roman hump” on the nose, or there may be graceful movements.

A fairly large head is folded proportionally. Ears are set high and far enough apart. Large eyes are located on the head. The neck at the base is wide, has a high exit, the shoulders are large, the chest is deep. The body of the horses of this breed is short, the lumbar is powerful. The low-set tail is lush and silky to the touch. Legs of medium length are straight. The color among the representatives of the breed is most often found bay and gray, but any one-color is not rejected by the breed standard.

Порода лошадей Лузитано

Horse breed Lusitano

Lusitano fast find a common language with people, which allows them to be used as sports horses. Moreover, they successfully perform in almost all types of competitions. You can attract Lusitano to field work or harness. But Lusitano is not a large horse, so she can not withstand the load for a long time. This should be taken into account when attracting the animal to field work.

Vyatka horse

For some time it was believed that the Vyatka horse died out. But, fortunately, this is only speculation: it exists to this day. True, the population of Vyatka horses is small, and today breeding works are aimed at increasing the number of these animals.

A large skeleton and at the same time proportionally folded body are the features of Vyatka horses. The height at the withers is on average 150 cm, but the ancestors of modern Vyatka horses were 10-15 cm less. Only thanks to the work of breeders was it possible to increase the average height of the Vyatka horses.

Вятская порода лошадей

Vyatka breed of horses

Vyatka horse has a specific exterior. With a powerful skeleton, her head is small. The forehead is wide and slightly concave in the area of ​​the front part.The neck of the representatives of this breed is short, has a low yield. The chest is quite deep, the back line is even, there is a low withers. The back of the body has a rounded shape, the croup is slightly sloping. Short legs do not spoil the exterior. The hooves, to match the legs, do not differ in large sizes. The hair that grows in the areas of mane, tail and bangs is very magnificent and pleasant to the touch. In general, it can be noted that the coat of the horse of the Vyatka breed is thick.

These horses are characterized by such qualities as endurance, energy and mobility. Horses are flexible and easy to maintain, have good health.

Karabakh horse

The Karabakh horse is from Azerbaijan. It is widespread in Russia.

Karabakh is a stunted individual characterized by endurance. The height of Karabakh at the withers is on average 143 cm. The horse has a complaisant disposition.

As for the exterior, Karabakhs of red color are most often found. Less commonly, one can meet the Karabakh horse with a bulan, gray or bay suit. Sometimes there is a belt and marks on the body. The head of a small size is knocked out a bit from the general view, but it is well folded. With big eyes, the horse carefully looks at everything that is happening around. A wide forehead smoothly passes into a narrow nose bridge. The muzzle ends with wide open nostrils.

Карабахская порода лошадей

Karabakh breed of horses

The neck is long , broad at the base, chest shallow and broad, withers raised. The back line is curved, which gives the horse grace. The tail on a sloping croup is set low enough. Muscles are well developed on the legs of medium length. As a rule, the hock joints are beveled, the hooves are dense. Sometimes the color of the hooves has a blue tint.

Use Karabakh to transport goods. A horse born in the mountains passes through all mountain roads without problems, crosses cold streams and makes it extremely calm. The complaisant disposition of Karabakh allows its use in a variety of games (a kind of “polo” on horses, for example). The horse is very comfortable for riding.

Camargue

This breed was officially recognized only in 1968. And this despite the fact that the Camargue is one of the most ancient breeds of horses. Animals are semi-wild and live in France. French horses of the Camargue breed are low, but strong. Their height at the withers varies from 135 to 150 cm. In this case, the weight of an adult horse is on average 350 kg.

Only the light gray color is recognized as the standard breed for French horses of the Camargue breed. But to determine the suit at birth is impossible. Foals can be red or dark gray. You can see foals of almost black stripes. After 6 months, the wool changes color to light gray.

Foals are unusually attached to their mother. In the first months of life, they accompany her everywhere. Camargu start to go around horses only at the age of 3. Sometimes they start dressing when the horse is 4 years old.

Камаргская лошадь

Camargue horse

Camargu’s head is massive, his eyes are large, his forehead is not wide. The chest is wide and convex, the lower back and the back of the horse are massive. Wide enough on the head are wide ears at the base. The withers, like the short croup, are well developed. Short limbs are large, powerful hooves.

Camargue horses finally formed late. This is one of the biggest disadvantages. Camargue has a life expectancy of about 25 years. Few breeds boast such longevity. And it is due precisely to its late maturity.

American Riding

Among all breeds of domestic horses, American Riding is particularly popular. From the name it is easy to guess that America is the birthplace of the horse. Today, the horse is used mainly as a horse, but it is able to cope with any work. Nature endowed it with both speed qualities and endurance. It is worth noting that the fastest horse today is a representative of this particular breed. At the races he demonstrated an average speed close to 70 km / h.

This is a tall horse. Her height is on average 162.5 cm. The most popular colors are red, bay, black and brown. Sometimes there are representatives of the breed of a chubar or roan suit, palamino.

Американская верховая лошадь

American riding horse

The head is folded proportionally, it looks neat. The expressive eyes are set wide in relation to each other. Small ears are set close and high. The muzzle ends with wide nostrils. The long neck is smoothly curved, the withers are sharp, and the shoulders are set obliquely. The American riding horse has a short back, limbs are muscular, and the croup is flat, the fluffy tail is set quite low, the legs are straight.

The American riding horse lends itself well to training, which indicates the presence of intelligence. She has a calm disposition, easily finds a common language even with children.

Altai horse

Altai Territory is the birthplace of the Altai horse. Here, people have been breeding horses for a long time. The presence of green feed throughout the year greatly simplified this lesson. This is an artificially bred breed.

The Altai horse is medium in size, has a slightly elongated body and strong legs. The horse is not fully proportioned.A small head and a short neck do not fit well with a long body, but the endurance of animals and the ability to carry large loads made the breed popular.

Алтайская лошадь

Altai horse

The height at the withers of the average horse is 148 cm. The chest volume in this case exceeds 165 cm. Comparing these data, we can understand that there is some imbalance, about which was said above.

The representatives of the Altai breed have broad shoulders, short straight legs and small wrists. The horse’s decoration is mane and tail.

Altai horses can have the most diverse colors. There are horses of a mousey and leopard color. You can even meet Altai tiger suit. However, it cannot be said which suit prevails. Almost all of the basic ones are found with equal frequency: black, bay, red, and bushy.

The Altai horse is efficient and hardy, has a soft temperament and complaisant character. It is easy to learn and suitable for teamwork.

Kyrgyz horse

Kyrgyz horse belongs to the rocks. She is very hardy, which ensures her popularity. Moreover, the animal is unpretentious in grooming and has good health.

As for the exterior, the Kyrgyz horse has a short neck, slightly elongated body, a straight back, sloping croup and short legs. The horse is built disproportionately.The average height at the withers is 137 cm. This is not the smallest breed of horses in the world, but it cannot be attributed to the average in size either.

Киргизская лошадь

Kyrgyz horse

The Kyrgyz horse is used exclusively as a working horse. She lacks speed qualities to participate in competitions, and the horse is not particularly suitable for riding, but the situation may change in the future: breeders are working to improve her qualities.

Caspian horse

The Caspian horse is one of the oldest breeds in the world, tamed by man. The Caspian horse is sometimes rightly called the Caspian pony. This name is due to its low growth. The height at the withers does not exceed 120 cm, but if you look at the appearance, the Caspian horses are not like a pony.

Лошадь Каспийской породы

Horse of the Caspian breed

The head of the Caspians, on which small ears are widely planted, is well-built, broad forehead, eyes are large, nostrils are set low. The Caspian horse is folded in proportion, looks elegant. The line of the back is straight, the tail is set high, the withers are wide. The legs in relation to the body are quite long and strong.

Caspian horses of bay, black and dark red colors are more common. Also, the Savrasai and Crow suits are not prohibited by the breed standard.Marks allowed. The Caspian horse is very smart and suitable for training young riders on horseback riding.

Haflinger

If we talk about the most beautiful horse breeds, you can not help mentioning the Haflingers. It is impossible to confuse these horses of golden color with anyone. Haflinger’s decoration is a white mane and the same tail. Besides the fact that this horse is beautiful, it is also unusually smart.

The Haflinger is a short horse: his height does not exceed 150 cm. It is proportionately folded. The head of small size has a smooth shape. The occipital part is well defined. The neck is of medium length, well set, broad chest deep, withers high, long and strong back, lower back short. The long legs are straight and graceful, the joints are wide.

Порода лошади Хафлингер

Horse breed Haflinger

Haflinger is a universal horse. It can be used both for riding (a high withers allows you to conveniently position the saddle), and for field work. The horse of this breed is able to serve a small farm on its own. For farmers, this is a good opportunity to save on the purchase of agricultural machinery.

Morgan

Morgan horses were extremely popular at one time. This is an American breed, characterized by endurance and the ability to carry huge loads. The height of the representatives of this breed at the withers is on average 150 cm.There are horses of bay color, black, red or brown.

The representatives of the breed Morgan have a well-built head. It can have both a straight and half-hump profile. On the head close enough to each other, mobile ears of small sizes are planted. The nostrils are open, the eyes are large. The neck is slightly curved, the withers are clearly defined, the stomach is tucked up, the lower back is wide. The tail is set high, legs of medium length straight. The Morgans have short metacarpals. The horse’s decoration is a magnificent tail and no less magnificent mane.

Лошадь породы Морган

Morgan horse

Today, the Morgans take part in competitions (dressage, rodeo, crew races). These are calm and balanced horses.

The most beautiful horse breeds

Horses of the Trans-Baikal breed are appreciated for their curly hair, which looks amazing in the photo, and Kledesdalskaya is popular due to the thick snow-white shields on foot. She is heavy and can pull a carriage. The Tuvan breed is known for its unusual color and lush white mane.

An unusual exterior has a horse of Boulogne. Despite the fact that it belongs to heavy trucks, it looks elegant. Pechorskaya in the photo resembles a plush toy. One wants to touch her hair.

The Irish horses are fascinating. Nature endowed them with furry shields, a thick tail and mane.On top of that, horses have a spotted coat. Representatives of the Kleidesdal breed are also endowed with shields, a mane and a tail of extraordinary beauty.

Being a cross between a pony and a domestic horse, Klapper has a specific exterior, which can also be attributed to the list of the most beautiful horses. All breeds of the Pinto suit and the North Swedish horse also attract attention. The miniature horse Falabella, the horse of the breed of Paint, Absheron, Gipsy horse touches the eye. The Oryol trotter is another beautiful and rare breed. A little more often you can find white horses, which also amaze with their beauty.

There are horses that look like fairy-tale characters. The Akhalteke horses, which, as it were, came from a fairy tale, deservedly fall into the list of the most beautiful horses. The horses of the Tekino breed are isabella. In addition, they are excellent horses.

Features of some horse breeds

We will not dwell on the remaining breeds of horses, but only those qualities for which they are valued.

Sometimes you can hear the expression “peasant horse”. This is the conditional name of all breeds that were widely used by peasants. These include Vyatka and Belorussian harness. Another group is Kazakhstan horses. They are used mainly for riding and for the manufacture of dairy products. A striking representative of the Caucasian breeds is the Kabardian horse. It is valued for versatility.Horses of this breed are equally well suited for life in the mountains and in the flat territories.

Horses of oriental breeds are appreciated for their excellent riding qualities. It was them who were saddled the very first. Also, Canadian breed, Tennessee, Kakheti, Gunther and high-breed Kishber breed are appreciated for driving qualities. No less capable of horseback riding are Lusitanian horses.

Italian horses and Lithuanians are popular among heavy carriers. These draft horses can be used for the most difficult work. New Altai horses are appreciated for delicious meat, which can be cooked even on the grill. In the harsh conditions of Siberia, the Mezen horses feel normal. The mesenka easily tolerates low temperatures. Abazin horses are not afraid of cold. And the айтemaiti breed was once valued for its fighting qualities.

The Mugalzhar horse is a breed of horse bred relatively recently. New Alexander horses are also considered the property of modern breeders. They appeared after 1995.

Pedigree work on the breeding of new breeds is underway throughout the world. There are breeds that have not survived to our time. These include Tarpan and Bityug, which was bred by peasants in Russia. The Tatar horses have practically disappeared.

Sports horses

Horses of the breed Katerhorse, Totilas, Nokota, Campolina are revered for their sports achievements. Capable of sports and Australian shepherd, and the Aztec, graceful Shagia, Lipitsian.

Competitive horses participating in this type of competition are included in a separate group. These include the Holstein breed, the Dutch warm-blooded, French sel, Belgian warm-blooded and Westphalian. Austrian horses are also successful in sports.

If we talk about modern athletes, the purebred English horse named Speed ​​Star has achieved considerable results. This horse looks graceful not only lively, but also in the photo.

Спортивные скакуны

Sports horses

The Westphalian breed became famous thanks to the gold in dressage mined at the Olympics. The Thorian breed serves in the Swedish police and is extremely popular in Ukraine and Russia.

Kalmyk breed, Latvian, Indian, Kushum, Gelderland, Nogai, Kazakh, Hutsul, Novokirgiz, Abkhaz, Circassian, American Indian deserve attention , Lippician, Adaevskaya, Yomuda, Adai, Brazilian, Goodbrandsdale, Khakass, Berberi, Hackne, Priobskaya, Merin, Swedish, Breton, Frederiksborg, Jutland, Standardbred, Brandenburg, Marwara, Crebiri, Crebara Rouen, Fjord, Buryat, Persian, Orenburg and breed Knabstrupper. This list can be continued for a very long time.

Conclusion

We have considered far from all breeds of riding and draft horses.Some horses are valued for speed, some for endurance, others are valued for appearance. So, for example, horse breeds with curly hair look unusual. And the horses of the Tinker breed have an unusual color. A Karabair horse is capable of carrying heavy loads for a long time, for which it is included in all horse breeding guides. It is capable of traveling 100 km with a load reaching a weight of 150 kg.

And finally, let’s say about the rocks that have already gone down in history. The cost of the most expensive thoroughbred horse was $ 40 million. They paid such a price for a representative of a purebred English race breed. All representatives of this breed are among the most expensive in the world. Looking at the photos of the horses, you can understand why. How much each foal is worth depends on many factors.

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Do not ignore outbred animals too, they sometimes look like pre elite breeds. Some toy characters look equally attractive. A popular toy horse is Camarillo and gotz ponies. From the photographs you can see why these toys are popular.

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Anna Evans

Author ✓ Farmer

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