Russian horse breeds are the most hardy. Over the years of breeding, about 30 varieties were bred. When buying foreign purebred horses very often there are problems with their adaptation, but domestic horses perfectly adapt to harsh climatic conditions, and some have no equal in endurance, strength and dexterity. By the way, the beauty of the exterior with some breeds of Russian horses is very difficult to compete.
Exterior:
- physique strong, athletic, dry;
- head with a concave profile, lines expressive, graceful;
- growth is 154 cm;
- the withers are well developed, passing smoothly into a broad back;
- the croup is flat, the lumbar is short, which is a characteristic feature of Arabian horses;
- the legs are different good muscles, dry;
- representatives of the species can be of 3 stripes: gray, red, bay, mainly gray individuals are found.
The breed of Russian horses is used for learning e where on horseback, as well as in horse racing, in almost all varieties of races. Such representatives lend themselves well to training, so they are often used in circus acts.
Rysasty horse
It took more than 20 years to create this breed. The main purpose of the breeding was to create a competitive active trotting individual that could compete with American horses. Even today, work is still ongoing to improve the species.
The trotter is tall with a beautiful exterior. His height is 165 cm at the withers. The neck is of medium length, smoothly turning into a pronounced withers. Any Russian horse has a long sloping body. Tendons and joints are clearly expressed on the limbs.
Most often, individuals of a dark bay color or black ones are found.The aim of the breeding, as already mentioned, was to use horses on the run. Riders are also used to work in teams and as breeding animals to improve the quality of other breeds.
The crown of creation of horse breeding
Russian riding breed of horses is a symbol of domestic equestrian sport. The documentation shows that this breed was bred the very last, but its real history began 2 centuries ago. Some time ago, these handsome handsome men were on the verge of extinction.
Russian horse breed in appearance is very different from other varieties, it is very difficult to confuse. The horses are tall up to 165 cm, their case is not elongated, but more neatly folded compared to other representatives. The Russian riding horse is characterized by a lean physique:
- neck with a high output;
- the dorsal part is straight, straight;
- the scapula under the bevel;
- the croup is also at a slight angle, with a well-developed muscular system;
- the limbs are strong;
- the hind legs can occasionally have an X-shaped structure .;
- the color of the crow is brown, brown, dark bay without white spots, which is considered a reason for culling.
The horse trotter was bred for military purposes. Over time, such individuals began to be used in all varieties of equestrian sports.Today, for the most part, stallions of the Russian Riding breed are participants in eventing, show jumping, or used for amateur riding.
Budennovskaya
Russian horse breeds were most often created for universal use. One of the most common breeds is Budennovskaya. When the cavalry in Russia was gone, it gradually migrated to the category of sports.
This type differs in overall shapes. The thoracic region and the frontal part of the horses are wide. The head is folded in proportion, the cervical elongated. The limbs are extraordinarily strong, even.
The breed is divided into 3 types:
- eastern;
- large;
- classic.
The growth of individuals of any type reaches 170 cm. The classic type is the standard of breed. For the Oriental, a more sophisticated form and a golden suit are a characteristic feature. Large – the simplest and even somewhat rude according to external data. Don mares and English stallions participated in the selection.
Representatives bred by Don Cossacks
The Don Russian breed of horses was selected by Don Cossacks. Arab stallions and the local steppe participated in the formation of the breed. The horses of the Russian breed are distinguished by a rather dry build. The limbs and trunk are elongated. Head slightly humpy. Auricles of small size, slightly wrapped, rare mane.
The growth of representatives of this breed is 165 cm.Most often there are representatives of brown and red color, while the tail is always several tones darker. The horses have a benevolent, complaisant temperament, which is why they are often used today for children’s riding lessons.
Frisky trotting horses
Next common representative – Orlov trotter.This breed is one of the oldest, it was bred more than 260 years ago. Arabian and Danish stallions participated in the selection of this species. Oryol trotters were created for a draft ride.
Representatives of the species have an impressive weight, which sometimes reaches 560 kg. They are distinguished by an active, high-spirited disposition. Inside the breed there is a division into types:
- dry;
- massive;
- intermediate.
The first type is different neat look with graceful features. The second type is similar to heavy trucks. Intermediate – something in between the first two.
Yakut horse
This horse looks rather unusual due to the shaggy pile, whose length is about 15 cm. The breed is extremely stable to the cold. Horses can tolerate frosts down to -60 ° C. Painted mostly in gray, brown, bay. Their body is lean, their limbs are short, strong. Height is only 140 cm.
In Yakutia, this breed of horses from ancient times to this day was bred for the sake of meat and dairy products. In addition, horses are used as a vehicle in snowy areas. They are completely unpretentious in maintenance, in winter they can independently get their own food directly from under the snow.
Heavy truck from the Soviet Union
A heavy horse has gained worldwide popularity for a very long time. When you see such a large horse, you immediately remember “The Story of Ilya Muromets”, where the strong hero had a powerful horse Burushka.The breed was bred about 60 years ago to receive meat and dairy products.
The main champion in lifting weights is the Soviet stallion, the record weight that he can lift is 22991 kg. The growth of a hero horse is about 172 cm with a weight of about a ton. Red suit, but sometimes bay representatives also come across. Such horses have a calm, balanced character.
Vladimir heavy truck
The following representative also refers to massive breeds. This working breed was bred a little earlier than the Soviet one. Vladimir heavy trucks are used for riding in teams and as riding horses.
Exterior:
- humpback head of elongated shape;
- the cervical region is high;
- the body is quite long, extending to a broad back and croup;
- the limbs are long, with well-developed joints;
- a lively, energetic temperament.
Today, representatives of the genus are in demand as vehicles for equestrian tourism or for horseback riding. Vladimir heavy truck broke the record for the fastest delivery of heavy cargo at a trot. Those who ride horses at least once say that riding them is a pleasure, the feeling of sitting on a soft sofa.
Domestic heavy truck
Russian breeds of horses Especially popular among breeders around the world. An excellent example of this is the Russian heavy truck, for which foreign horse breeders staged a race. Selection began in the 19th century.Its goal was to obtain a universal breed of horses.
Representatives of the breed are the most unpretentious and economically viable in domestic breeding. They perfectly get for themselves pasture for themselves. The optimal period of use in the work of one individual is 25 years, which is quite a lot. The horse does not differ in large dimensions, but the body structure is powerful. The neck is muscular, the chest is concave. The back is wide, strong.
Conclusion
Even in tsarist Russia, Arabian stallions were used to breed new breeds. During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, Argamaki – Arabian horses became very popular. The breeding was carried out for a very long time on the territory of Russia, so it can be considered Russian.
To raise military affairs to a higher level, the tsar ordered to open stables in large numbers and use for breeding and breeding new species of all brought because of border horses. For the Don Cossacks, the issue of horses has long been resolved: they bred the Don breed of horses. By the way, their eastern ancestors were also Eastern trotters.
Oryol horses were bred by Count Orlov. The Arabian horse bought for fabulous money also served as their ancestor for their selection. Oryol horses harnessed to teams. They were bred specifically for transporting people, because they were not at all afraid of bumpy, rocky Russian roads.
Don and Oryol are the most famous and popular Russian breeds.For each locality of a huge Russian power a specific breed was characteristic, the qualities of which were adapted to the conditions, roads and climate of the region. For example, Yakut horses can withstand temperatures down to -60 ° C. In winter, furry horses find food under the snow, tearing it with their hooves.
Horses were bred not only to participate in races. Heavy trucks and the Yakut breed were bred for the sake of meat and dairy products. Each breed has its own specialization, although for the most part Russian horses are distinguished by their versatility.
Today horses are used for various purposes:
- equestrian sports;
- draft riding ;
- hunting.
