Secrets of growing cucumbers according to the method of Portyankin and Shamshina

Growing cucumbers according to Portyankin and Shamshina, it will help to achieve a plentiful harvest of this crop in a short time.

Secrets of growing cucumbers according to the method of Portyankin and Shamshina

Variety Selection

Recent studies have shown that modern hybrid varieties of cucumber with a bouquet type of flowering differ high yield. 6-8 or more ovaries in each shoot. These varieties are planted in the greenhouse.

The fruits are characterized by transportability and good taste. They have the following properties:

• high degree of parthenocarpy ( self-pollination);
• female bunch type of flowering;
• lack of side shoots in combination with the rapid growth of the whole plant;
• high resistance to root rot and powdery mildew;
• lack of bitterness in childbirth genetically.

Bee pollinating varieties are more suitable for open ground. In regions with cloudy and cool summers, shade-tolerant varieties are planted, such as: F1 Carom, F1 Athlete, F1 Rafael, F1 Dynamite, F1 Rushnichok, F1 Rais. Such cucumbers are not suitable for a hot arid climate.

In the northern regions of Russia and Ukraine, cold-resistant cultivars are successfully bred: F1 Uglich, F1 Pechora, F1 Smuglyanka, F1 Ustyug, F1 Mother-in-law.

Among the bred there are unusual varieties. F1 White angel has white or light green flowers and a delicate taste of the fruit. Hybrid F1 Chupa-Shchups is distinguished by a spherical shape of fruits with a diameter of up to 5 cm. They are sweet in taste.

Planting

Seeds are planted under temporary shelters from the film in the 20th April. In open ground it is possible only after May 10.

In the first 2-3 days, seeds are best stored in seedlings with covered glass. The temperature should be from 24 to 28 °, because the first shoots are vulnerable to cold.

The soil should not be overdried. Further, when the exits appear, the containers are placed in a sunny place, without covering anything from above. They are stored in this form for 3-4 days. Day and night, reduce to 16-17 °.

Additionally use specialized light lamps. The next 4 days, the air temperature is raised during the day to 22 °, and at night to 18 °. The lamps are turned on for 18 hours, gradually reducing the time. The day before landing, the lamps are no longer used.

Landing

Plants are planted in a sunny place

In the last few days before planting, seedlings are taken out to the balcony. This is done to accustom plants to open air and light from the outside, becausethe conditions in the room and on the street are different.

Before planting, the seedlings are in boxes 28-30 days. But not all of it is planted in the ground. The width of the plant should be 18-20 cm, and a height of 30 cm or more. Each seedling bush should have 3-4 leaves.

1. The place is selected sunny, and the beds are high with drained soil pH 6-7 and a temperature of 15 °. With the threat of frost, cucumbers do not plant.
2. When planting, it is necessary to maintain the distance between the seedlings. If trellises are used, cucumbers are placed 20-30 cm from each other.
3. Without support, seedlings, incl. hybrid varieties are placed at a distance of 90 cm. Between the rows should be 130-150 cm or 90 cm if the seedlings are bush and hybrid.

Care after planting

After planting, the cucumbers are covered using non-woven material. So the plants will be able to adapt to new conditions.

The soil is mulched to preserve and retain moisture, suppress weeds. Mulch can increase the yield and ripening of cucumbers. Use organic-based mulch, black plastic film or modern mulch that transmits infrared light.

When caring for the crop, high temperatures that reduce the quality of the fruit should be avoided. Effectively plant high stands on the south side or pull out an awning.

In plants with bouquet bloom, many female-type flowers bloom simultaneously. This leads to competition between flowers and fruits.Flowers wither and fall. In varieties F1, Liliput, F1 Quadrille, F1 Emerald earrings dazzle the lower ovaries for the following reasons:

1. Slow fruit growth. This leads to a late harvest.
2. Deteriorating root growth. The plant slows down further vegetation.
3. Decrease in the number of upper yield fruits. As a result, a poor harvest.

The problem is solved as follows. Blind the lower 2-4 shoots and all the side ones that are below the trellis. There are 2-3 shoots at the top. They are pinched after 3 sheets. Pinch the main stem after reaching another plant.

Watering

The watering mode is set even before the seedlings shoot. Cucumbers are watered with a watering can in the morning or after sunset. They don’t water the bucket and hose, because this leads to exposure of the roots. The water should be warm (at least 20) and settled.

Cucumbers watered water

The soil is constantly kept moist. First, watered with a solution of 20% fertilizer and water. Do not allow drying or plentiful watering. The correct watering is as follows: the soil is completely moistened, and part of the solution is poured up to 15% into the drainage hole.

After the seedlings sprout, the culture is watered every 4-5 days until the fruits appear. Water use 3-4 l / m2. With the formation of fruits, the cucumber bush is watered more often, every 2-3 days. Use 11-12 l / m2.

At a temperature of 25 ° and above, low humidity, sprinkling is used as a method of artificially lowering the temperature of leaves and ovaries. The procedure is carried out daily.

Fertilizer

Fertilizing will help accelerate the growth of shoots, extend the fruiting period, improve the taste of fruits and protect against diseases. The soil is fertilized with organic matter before planting: manure, compost, and mullein are brought in from the fall. After the emergence of shoots and flowers, organic fertilizers are again applied between rows every 15-20 days.

Additionally, nitrogen and potassium are added to the soil in a ratio of 1: 2, but not more than 25 g of elements per m². The solution is used for both root and foliar top dressing. This will help protect the leaves from yellowing and accelerate the growth of shoots. During the formation of fruits, the amount of fertilizer is increased by 2 times.

For cucumbers, ready-made mineral complexes are used, such as: Fertika, Zdrazen, Mortar. Any fertilizer is prepared exclusively in hot water. The liquid is slightly cooled before application.

Do not use horse droppings to fertilize the soil. It is rich in ammonia and releases nitrates, which penetrate the fruits. This is harmful to human health.

Diseases

Most often, the plant is infected with powdery mildew. A white coating appears on the leaves of the cucumber.

You can cure the culture with Teovit Jet and Topaz.Hybrids are planted that are not amenable to this disease: F1 Mother-in-law, F1 Quadrille, F1 Son-in-law and F1 Beaver.

Plants can be affected by a spider mite. Signs of its habitat: dark spots on the leaves, the presence of the tick itself and lethargy of seedlings. He drinks juice and leads to the death of the plant.

Anthracnose (olive spotting) affects the leaves of cucumbers covered with their yellow dots. They dry and fall. The cause of this disease is the planting of cucumbers in the same place for several years in a row. Copper-containing drugs help get rid of the problem.

Effectively change the soil and landing site every year to prevent the disease. There are modern hybrids that are resistant to the disease: F1 Liliput, F1 Cappuccino, F1 Zanachka.

When affected by root rot, the cucumber bushes wither for no apparent reason. The disease is provoked by abundant watering with cold water, overheating, dry soil.

Both the seedlings and the adult plant, which is already bearing fruit, are likely to get sick. Varieties F1 Dubrovsky, Borovichok, Zyatek, Bobrik, Harmonist, Cappuccino, Liliput, Berendey have immunity from the disease.

Pests

Most often, cucumbers are struck by a tick even in containers from indoor flowers. Infection occurs in the greenhouse through doors and windows. The easiest way to deal with it is at the very beginning, when the plants can still be cured. Seedlings should be carefully inspected. Laundry soap and its solution cannot exterminate the parasite. Plants are treated with such drugs:

• Acarin;
• Bitoxibacillin;
• Fitoverm.

Conclusion

The secrets of growing cucumbers according to Portyankin and Shamshina will be equally useful for private cultivation of cucumbers, as well as for industrial.Following the basic recommendations, you can get a good harvest.