The control of pests and diseases of cabbage in the open ground

Diseases and pests of cabbage in open ground can significantly reduce productivity or destroy it. Timely adopted methods of dealing with them prevent the death of plantings and save cabbage.

Fight with pests and diseases of cabbage in from buried soil

Fungal infections

Infections with fungal nature significantly reduce soil fertility and often lead to a complete loss of vegetable harvest. Each individual fungal disease affects as a separate species of cruciferous, and the whole cabbage family as a whole.

Kila

Cabbage keel is caused by a fungal pathogen and affects only young plantings planted in open soil. It can be carried along with seedlings that were infected at the stage of its cultivation in containers exposed for ventilation and hardening.

At risk of infection with cabbage keel – white and colored varieties.

In the process of damage to plants, their root system is gradually covered with growths that impede the normal flow of mineral nutrition and fluid. As a result of starvation and lack of water, the cabbage plant is gradually lagging behind in its development, withering.

Peronosporosis

Peronosporosis or powdery mildew is caused by a pathogen of fungal origin. It affects all species of the cruciferous family. Among the primary signs:

• the manifestation of a fungal infection even at the stage of growing seedlings,
• the appearance on the foliage of gray and yellow spots and white plaque on the underside of the leaves,
• gradual withering and dying of the affected cabbage leaves,
• slowing down the growth and development of the vegetable crop.

The main factor that contributes to the development and spread of powdery mildew is an increased moisture index.

Fusarium

The fungal pathogen Fusarium infects all varieties of cruciferous plants, invading vascular plant system, creating obstacles to the passage of food and water and leading to wilting of the vegetable crop.

Symptoms:

• the appearance of yellow spots on the leaves between the veins, increasing in area up to the full leaf,
• gradual drying of the leaves,
• the presence on the slices at the bases of the attachment of leaves of brown spots from fungal mycelia,
• the small size of the head and its irregular shape.

Viral infections

Viral infections in cabbage are not as common as fungal diseases, but they differ in their rapid spread, cannot be treated and are most often crop loss.

Mosaic

A disease can ruin a crop

The mosaic virus often settles on cauliflower, but also poses a danger to other cruciferous varieties. They detect its presence only a month after the seedlings are planted in the open ground, when rims of dark green color begin to appear on the foliage along the veins, gradually turning into necrotic spots.

Black ring spotting

Black annular spotting covers cabbage leaves with light green spots, clearly visible in the lower tier. Over time, they begin to darken, grow in the affected area, merging into a single spot. As a result, the affected leaves fall prematurely.

Pests

Insect parasites cause great harm to cabbage plantings. They begin to settle on young shoots already in early spring, lay eggs, from which colonies of larvae appear in a short time. In addition, they bring with them viral diseases and fungal infections.

Aphids

Cabbage aphids are one of the common parasitic insects that feed on the juice of young sprouts. It settles in the lower vegetative part of the plant and gradually depletes it. Signs of the presence of aphids:

• slower growth and development of cabbage,
• the loss by cabbage leaves of their natural color and the appearance of a pink hue on them,
• twisting of the foliage and its subsequent death.

Cabbage fly

Cabbage fly most often inflicts white and cauliflower. It activates its activity in the second half of May, leaving eggs in the ground, from which larvae that feed on cabbage roots appear after a week. Signs of the presence of the cabbage fly:

• rotting of the root system,
• wilting of plants,
• acquisition of gray cabbage leaves with a lead tint by the lower tier.

Fleas

Cruciferous fleas maintain their activity in soil and begin to crawl to the surface when heat occurs, immediately starting to feed young seedlings. After destroying the top layer of foliage, they leave ulcers.

In most cases, cabbage does not cope with the pest, and the plantings die.

Methods of control and prevention

Against fungal diseases

Diseases should not be started

In the fight against fungal diseases, in some cases the measures are exclusively preventive in nature, and in others they can be applied mechanical methods of planting protection and chemical preparations.

From cabbage keel

It is better to prevent cabbage keel disease. Affected cruciferous plants are removed together with a soil lump, lime is poured into the holes. Before planting cabbage seedlings in open soil, it is also recommended that the soil be treated with a lime mixture per 1 kg of limestone per 4 square meters of planting area.

Powdery mildew

Powdery fluorine allows effective control of powdery mildew and rhidomil. Among the aggressive methods of combating peronosporosis is a solution of Bordeaux fluid with a concentration of 1%. It is required for seedlings of 0.2 liters per ten-liter bucket of water, and for stronger cabbage – 0.5 liters per bucket. Plants affected by powdery mildew are sprayed with the working fluid.

Prevention: disinfection of the soil, adherence to irrigation technology when leaving and fulfilling crop rotation requirements.

From fusarium infection

The treatment of infected people effectively helps against fusarium infection plantings with systemic fungicides such as Benomil, Tecto, Topsin-M.

The mechanical method for controlling Fusarium infection involves the removal of infected plantings. Due to the fact that the fungal pathogen is able to maintain its vital activity in the soil for several years in a row, according to the rules of crop rotation, it is forbidden to plant cabbage in one place several times.

Against viral infections

Mosaic viral nature and black ring spotting are not treated. Prevention helps to effectively deal with them, which consists in carrying out a number of measures:

• disinfection of seed material before planting,
• timely removal of seedlings and heads of cabbage affected by a viral infection,
• removal of weeds and the fight against parasites that act as carriers of viral infections.

Against pests

Chemical agents are most often used against parasitic insects and folk methods of dealing with them.

Against aphids

Among gardeners mended for their reliability in the fight against aphids and Malathion Spark possessing insecticidal properties.

As the folk remedies most gardeners use tobacco, pungent odor which can not tolerate pests. Garlic, onions, carrots and tomatoes planted between the ridges have the same properties.

Against the cabbage fly

In the fight against cabbage the fly uses a solution of Thiophos with a concentration of active substances of 30%. It is diluted with water. The rate of flow of working fluid with thiophos is 0.25 liters per 1 plant.

Well-established concentrated 65% Chlorophos, which is diluted to 0.25%. The consumption rate for 1 plant is 0.2 l.

Among the folk remedies is the same tobacco mixed with limestone in equal proportions.It also helps with a specific smell of naphthalene, which is mixed with river sand 1: 7.

Against fleas

Cruciferous fleas are afraid of moisture, so regular spraying becomes the best way to combat it. You can make it with soapy solutions. Helps to cope with flea dusting by planting with ash powder and preparations of Karbofos and Aktara.