The principle of growing cabbage seedlings

Growing cabbage seedlings is one of the fundamental factors in obtaining a good harvest. It is rare to grow good cabbage in a non-seedling way, so almost no one uses it. Consider the secrets of such cultivation.

Content
  1. Classification <
  2. Preparing seed
  3. Planting dates
  4. Preparing soil
  5. Planting seed
  6. Caring for seedlings
  7. Caring for seedlings
  8. To summarize

Принцип выращивания рассады капусты

Principle cabbage seedling cultivation

Classification

The rules for growing cabbage differ depending on the variety. The timing of sowing seeds will depend on the variety. which are used for light salads, they are absolutely not suitable for long-term storage.

Based on the maturity, the culture is divided into 3 types.

  • Early. The first heads of cabbage appear in June, but the culture differs in small harvests. Small cabbage heads are not suitable for long-term storage. They are consumed fresh, sometimes used to prepare certain dishes.
  • Of medium ripening. It can be used fresh or for salting. Shelf life is not very long. Heads of cabbage in their normal form will remain until about mid-January, or even less, depending on conditions.
  • Late. It is infrequently used for fresh consumption, except for snail feed, for rabbits living at home.Perfectly stored for six months, or even more. With good care, the weight of one head of cabbage can reach up to 7 kg.

The choice of species depends on the area of ​​plantings, but it is advisable to grow all 3 varieties at once or at least early and late. Arriving at the store, it is important to carefully read for what area the seeds are intended. Having decided which culture you want to grow, buy 2-3 packs. Cutting the crop in the fall, it will be easier to make a choice for next year.

Preparing the seed

Before you grow seedlings of cabbage at home, you need to carefully examine the bag, examine all manufacturer information. If the seeds are covered with glaze during packing, which will be indicated, they do not need to be additionally prepared for sowing. All types of cabbage should be grown in seedlings, otherwise you can be left without a good harvest.

In other cases, they prepare seeds for sowing. Water is collected in a container at a temperature of about 40-50 ℃ and seeds are immersed in it for 20 minutes. After 5 minutes they are kept in clean water or a solution of potassium permanganate.

Pretreatment is necessary to determine empty seeds (they will pop up at the very beginning of soaking). So you wake up a seed and growth processes begin in it. Another important step in seed treatment is the prevention of fungal diseases in the early stages of growth.

Planting dates

The stage of growing cabbage seedlings at home has clearly defined deadlines. Their non-compliance is fraught with loss of crop. Both early and late sowing will have an equally bad effect on the state of crops.

  • early cabbage crops are planted in March, after the 8th day;
  • of medium-ripeness varieties are sown in the period from March 20 to April 20 ;
  • the late-ripening crop is planted in April, sowing is completed by the 25th.

If you want to do everything right, calculate the exact time of planting yourself. After the preliminary processing of the seed material until the time of hatching, almost 2 weeks will pass, on average, 10-12 days. Before diving seedlings in open ground, 2 months will pass. Seeds should begin to be sown 70 days prior to the proposed picking in an open area.

Regardless of the variety, the cabbage culture cannot be transplanted into the soil until steady heat occurs. Planting dates do not matter, only if you are going to dive seedlings in greenhouses.

Prepare the ground

To grow healthy cabbage seedlings at home, prepare the land. They recommend starting preparation in the autumn, before the onset of cold. The earth is mixed and sent for storage to the cellar or to the balcony.If you do not have time to complete all the manipulations in the fall, you will have to mix the soil right before planting the seed material.

To do this, you need a substrate with a neutral acid reaction. Peat is usually mixed with humus in a ratio of 1: 1. 1 kg of soil is required to put 1 tbsp. l ashes. Wood ash is a good antiseptic and enriches the soil with nitrogen, which is necessary for plants at the initial stages of growth to maintain normal functioning and immunity.

Planting of seed material

Growing seedlings cabbage, do not forget that for its full development a pick is required. At the initial stage, a common container with a shallow depth is taken. In the bottom of the container for landing, drainage holes are made. Cabbage is a moisture-loving plant, so you will often have to water it. Because of this, the risk of contracting a black leg increases. To avoid this, drainage is laid in separate containers at the bottom of the pots during planting and subsequent diving.

The soil is moistened before planting. After this, you can not water the soil until the first shoots. Sow seeds in rows. After sowing, the pots are covered with polyethylene to create a greenhouse effect and set aside in a warm place. Polyethylene is periodically opened to avoid moldy earthy coma and the spread of fungal diseases.

Care of seedlings

When the sprouts hatch, they are thinned out at a distance of 2 square meters.cm and set the pots on a well-lit window sill. This is the exact area each sprout needs to receive nutrients from the earth.

After 21 days, the seedlings are planted in separate pots. The ideal option is peat pots, then when planting in open ground you do not have to extract the plant again. The container should be 6-8 cm in diameter. This will be quite enough.

Seedling Care

The technology for growing cabbage seedlings is not particularly difficult, but you need to properly organize the care of the sprouts. To grow beautiful juicy heads of cabbage, it is necessary to organize illumination of seedlings in the early stages of growth. It is better to pre-equip the place for seedlings with fluorescent lamps. Immediately after germination, daylight hours increase to 14 hours.

Cabbage sprouts respond well to plentiful watering. After each moistening, the soil is thoroughly loosened. Do not forget about observing the temperature regime:

  • before biting seedlings – 21 ° С;
  • after biting – 15-18 ° C;
  • during before planting in open ground, the night temperature is 8-10 ° C.

In the process of growing seedlings are regularly fed. Fertilizers are applied for the first time after sprouting the sprouts after 14 days. At this stage, it is better to use preparations containing potassium compounds.

The second time fertilizers are applied after another 14 days.The last time top dressing is made a couple of weeks before planting in the ground, before hardening. The hardening procedure is an important event, which allows the plant to safely transfer the pick to an open area. To begin with, they simply open the window, gradually lower the air temperature in the room, then begin to plant seedlings on a closed loggia for the night.

Cabbage sprouts fully prepared for diving into the open ground should have 4-5 fully formed strong leaves . The transplant is carried out by the transshipment method. Previously, the wells are fertilized with organic matter. Humus should not be fresh, otherwise there is a risk of burning the root system. It’s better to use diluted mullein or bird droppings.

To summarize

Grow seedlings at home begin in March-April, depending on the selected variety. under growing conditions, it will be possible to obtain sprouts prepared for diving in open ground after 2 months.

Anna Evans

Author ✓ Farmer

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