Bayani da halaye na nau’in tumatir ruwan hoda na Souvenir –

Tumatir na ɗaya daga cikin kayan lambu masu daɗi da lafiya waɗanda za a iya shuka su ba tare da wahala ba a cikin yanayin gida.A zamanin yau, masu shayarwa sun haifar da nau’ikan iri da yawa wanda yana da wahala ga mazauna rani da masu shuka kayan lambu su zaɓi wani nau’in. Masu sana’a suna ba da shawarar: idan mai shuka zai shuka tsire-tsire a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, to ya kamata ya zaɓi nau’ikan da za su iya tsayayya da yanayin yanayin yankin.

Bayani da halaye na nau’in tumatir ruwan hoda Souvenir

Tumatir Souvenir na ruwan hoda zaɓi ne mai kyau, tunda yawan amfanin waɗannan tumatir yana da yawa, saboda haka, duk wanda shuka zai ji daɗin adadin ‘ya’yan itace da ɗanɗanonsa.

Siffar iri-iri

Wannan shuka ce ta matasan, wanda dasa shi ba zai sami matsaloli na musamman ba. Kamar nau’in ‘China’, an haɗa shi a cikin nau’in ‘farkon girma’ (daga lokacin girma zuwa farkon lokacin girma yana ɗaukar kusan kwanaki 80).

1. Ƙananan shrub (mafi girman tsayi 60 santimita), yanke hukunci, yana tsayawa girma cikin girman, bayan da yawa ovaries sun bayyana (3-5 guda).
2. An rufe daji da ‘ya’yan itace da matsakaicin ganye da ɗan ƙaramin Emerald.
3. Tumatir na wannan nau’in suna da inflorescences masu sauƙi. Na farko, wanda ya fara farawa a kan takarda na 5-7, duk waɗannan suna bayyana bayan 2 littattafai.
4. Mai jure sanyi da zafi, bi da bi, yana jure wa faɗuwar zafin jiki daga kaka – bazara da zafi sama da digiri 28-30 Celsius.
5. Tumatir Souvenir na ruwan hoda yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, idan mai samarwa ya kula da tumatir mai kyau, daga murabba’in murabba’in 1 za ku sami kilogiram 7-8 na ‘ya’yan itace masu daɗi.

A cikin ƙasa na zamani Rasha, tumatir ya dawo a lokacin mulkin Catherine II, kuma blah ya ba da yunƙurin wani sanannen mai kiwo na Rasha Bolotov, ya sami ƙauna da kyakkyawar sake dubawa na masu amfani. Kuma kawai a tsakiyar karni na 1, wannan nau’in tumatir fXNUMX ya fara zama cikin buƙata, kuma masu shuka kayan lambu sun fara shuka shi a ko’ina.

Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace

Halin nau’in nau’in ya ce ‘ya’yan itacen yana da siffar zagaye, a cikin lokacin girma yana samun sautin ruwan hoda mai wadata, a wasu tare da sautunan pearly.

1. A matsakaici, nauyin tumatir shine 80-120 grams, kuma ana samun manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa.
2. Tumatir ya ƙunshi cikakken hadadden abubuwa masu amfani, musamman bitamin C, A, ma’adanai marasa ƙarfi da sinadarai.
3. Wani halayyar, a cikin bayanin iri-iri, yana nufin yawan aiki na Aelita: Pink Souvenir. yawan amfanin ƙasa, don haka tsarin ripening yana faruwa daidai.
4. Reviews na masu samar da kayan lambu game da dandano ne na musamman tabbatacce, ana kiran su kawai m da zuma – zaki, fleshy, low iri tumatir.
5. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da tumatir don sabobin salati, don sarrafa kayan tumatir, da kuma gwangwani na gida.
6. Sortovisovoshch shine mahaliccin wannan nau’in.

Itacen yana buƙatar garter don tallafawa shi, yana kuma buƙatar pinching. Bayanin iri-iri yana gaya wa masu lambu cewa ya isa ya samar da matasan kafin inflorescence na farko ya bayyana, wasu lambu suna girma shuka ba tare da samuwar daidai ba. Kuma kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, wannan lokacin ba ya shafar adadin noman.

Halayen girma seedlings

Halin nau’in iri-iri yana ɗauka cewa tsire-tsire ne mara kyau, don haka bi umarnin da bayanin a sarari, sannan alamar aikin zai kasance mai girma.

Ana shirya ƙasa da tsaba

Ana iya shuka tumatir a cikin kwantena da yawa

Dangane da bayanin, don samun seedlings, dole ne a shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Maris kuma zai fi dacewa ba daga farkon Afrilu ba. Tumatir don seedlings ana iya dasa su a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin a cikin lambun ko a cikin kwantena na musamman. Ƙasar don tsire-tsire ta ƙunshi ƙasan lambu tare da ƙari na kwayoyin halitta da takin gargajiya. Tsaba kafin dasa shuki suna da kyau a jiƙa a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate. Don yin wannan:

1. Ana buƙatar ƙaramin akwati na ruwa (yana da kyawawa cewa yana da dumi).
2. Ana ɗaukar ashana kuma a ɗan jiƙa a cikin ruwa, sannan a cikin lu’ulu’u na potassium permanganate.
3. Bayan haka, an sake saukar da phosphor cikin ruwa don ya sami launi mai mahimmanci.

Matsakaicin rabo na gram 1 na potassium manganese a kowace milliliters 500 na ruwa. Don mafi girma yawan amfanin ƙasa, za ku iya jiƙa tsaba ba don rana ɗaya ba, amma na uku, to, za su yi girma da sauri. Zurfin shuka bai wuce santimita 2.5 ba. Yanayin zafin jiki ba kasa da digiri 14-15 C. A karkashin yanayi guda, tsaba suna girma da kyau.

Kulawar sprout

Daga lokacin da harbe-harbe na farko suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar kula da matsakaicin zafin jiki wanda bai wuce digiri 20 da zafi mai zafi ba. Don haka, ana shayar da ƙasa lokaci-lokaci tare da bindigar feshi. Bayan bayyanar ganye 2 na farko, ana aiwatar da girbi (duk harbe ana dasa su cikin kwantena daban), wannan yana da mahimmanci don tushen tsarin zai iya haɓaka akai-akai. Don daidaitawa da sauri zuwa sabbin yanayi, ɗan lokaci kafin dasawa, kuna buƙatar rage ƙarfin shayarwa.

Shuka a cikin bude ƙasa

Binciken da aka ƙware game da masu shuka kayan lambu sun nuna cewa shine lokacin da ya fi dacewa don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa – ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da zafin iska ya yi zafi sama da digiri 13-16. Idan an dasa shi a ƙarƙashin fim, sai a yi shi a tsakiyar wata. Ƙasa bai kamata ya sami ruwan ƙasa ba, saboda wannan yana haifar da bayyanar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance tana da ƙimar pH mai tsaka tsaki, don cimma irin wannan sakamakon, dole ne ku takin ƙasa tare da taki saniya.

Tsire-tsire suna zaune a zurfin da bai wuce 20 cm ba, tare da matsakaicin nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ba ƙasa da santimita 35-40 ba. Wani shrub na al’ada yana da gangar jikin mai faɗi (0.9-1 santimita) da ganye 7-8.

Siffofin kulawa

Don samun ‘ya’yan itace mai kyau, ana buƙatar matakai kaɗan, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, don sassauta ƙasa don yin takin tare da takin mai magani kuma tabbatar da cewa kun sha ruwa sosai. Game da na ƙarshe, dole ne ku bi ka’idodi masu zuwa:

1. Bayan kwanaki 5-7, bayan dasa shuki, aiwatar da farkon watering. Wannan lokacin ya zama dole don tsarin tushen ya yi girma kadan.
2. A cikin makonni masu zuwa, wajibi ne a sha ruwa lokaci-lokaci.
3. Domin ‘ya’yan itatuwa su daidaita, ana shayar da ruwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7. Idan kun yi haka akai-akai, wato, akwai haɗarin haɓakar koren taro da samuwar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa.

Yawan danshi ya dogara da halaye na yanayi, bisa ga sake dubawa, idan yankin ya bushe sosai, to ana yin shayarwa sau da yawa don kula da matakin da ya dace. yanayin ci gaban shuka.

Matakan kariya

Wannan nau’in yana da sauƙi ga wasu cututtuka

Kamar kowane tsire-tsire, ‘Pink Souvenir’ yana da cututtuka masu haɗari da yawa, waɗanda wani bangare ko gaba ɗaya ke bugun daji. Mafi shahara sune:

rashin lafiya

Naman gwari da ke shafar ‘ya’yan itacen lokacin da ya canza launi kuma tabo suna bayyana akan ƙananan ganye, wanda ke nuna cewa shuka ya kamu da cutar. Don magani, ana bi da daji tare da saline da bayani mai ɗauke da tagulla.

Farar rube

Bayanin cutar yana nuna cewa kawai yana shafar tumatir cikakke, wani farin launi yana bayyana a lokacin ajiya. Babban tushen rarraba ƙasa. Ma’aunin rigakafi: jiyya na daji tare da phytosporin.

Saƙa

TMV (yana nufin kwayar cutar mosaic ta taba) tare da ƙwayar dankalin turawa shine dalilin cutar. Wata alamar ita ce idan ɗigon launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana akan kara ko rassan.

Amfanin gona ya fara bushewa, abu mafi haɗari shine cewa kwayar cutar tana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba kuma a adana shi a cikin ƙasa. Don guje wa ci gaban cutar, an bar tsaba a baya a cikin wani rauni mai rauni na potassium nitrate ko permanganate. Hakanan, zaku iya fesa tare da bayani na gishiri da jan karfe sulfate.

Grey rot

Wani cututtukan fungal da ke shafar tushe, ‘ya’yan itatuwa, da ganye. Da farko, ƙananan fararen fata suna bayyana, wanda bayan ‘yan kwanaki ya juya zuwa naman gwari mai launin toka. A saman amfanin gona fades, ganye fara juya rawaya.

Cutar tana tasowa a lokacin samuwar tayin. Idan bushes masu kamuwa da cuta sun bayyana akan gado, dole ne a lalata yakin su, saboda akwai haɗarin kamuwa da naman gwari. Amma game da matakan tsaro, yakamata kuyi ƙoƙarin rage yawan ruwa don guje wa matsanancin zafi.

Spider mite

Wannan ciwon yana da hatsari saboda amfanin gona ya fara bushewa kuma ganyen ya fado, abu na farko da za a yi shine a yi wa shukar maganin ta hanyar magani, ko kuma ana iya amfani da Fitover don wannan dalili. Har ila yau, an lalata ciyayi da ke kusa da daji kuma ana buƙatar tono daji.

Formoz ko launin ruwan kasa rot

Daya daga cikin cututtukan da aka fi sani da suna shafar ruwan hoda Souvenir. Da farko, yana bayyana akan tushe, bayan tumatur da ya cika ya rufe launin ruwan kasa, wanda daga baya ya haifar da rubewar tayin. Don hana wannan kwayoyin cutar daga yadawa a kan shafin, ya zama dole don rage yawan amfani da sabbin takin gargajiya.

ƙarshe

Tumatir Pink Souvenir yana karɓar sake dubawa masu kyau kawai, kuma dalilin wannan kasancewar adadin wasu halaye. Da farko, bai samar da irin wannan albarkatu mai albarka ba, amma bayan masu shayarwa sun yi aiki tare da wannan nau’in, ba wai kawai adadin ba amma har ma ingancin tumatir ya inganta. Tumatir ruwan hoda yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali, amma ba shi da rikitarwa, saboda haka ba zai haifar da matsaloli na musamman ga masu shuka kayan lambu marasa gogewa ba.