Paprika Red Shevel amfanin gona ne da ke buƙatar shuka da kuma kula da shi yadda ya kamata. Duk da waɗannan dalilai, kayan lambu mai zaki ya shahara musamman ga masu lambu.
Bayanin barkono Kras º pala
Halayen iri-iri
An ƙaddamar da Red Pepper Spade a Rasha a cikin 1976. A farkon shekarun 80 na karni na 3, manufarsa ita ce gudanar da bincike kuma bayan shekaru XNUMX an shigar da shi cikin rijistar Jiha na Tarayyar Rasha.
Iri-iri ya dace da noma a duk yankuna na ƙasar. Tana da kyawawan alamun aiki duka lokacin girma a cikin buɗe ƙasa da lokacin girma a cikin greenhouse. Daga daji 1 tattara kusan kilogiram 6 na ‘ya’yan itatuwa da aka zaɓa.
Halayen shuka
Dangane da halayyar, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna girma da wuri. Lokacin ciyayi daga lokacin bayyanar farkon seedlings zuwa farkon ‘ya’yan itace shine kwanaki 110 kawai. Dajin yana da ƙarfi, baya yadawa, tsayinsa shine 60 cm.
Launi na ganye yana da duhu kore, saman yana da muni, tare da wuraren da ba kasafai ba. Tushen tsarin yana tasowa a kwance.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace
Dangane da bayanin iri-iri, siffar ‘ya’yan itace yayi kama da silinda mai elongated. A gefuna akwai ƙananan wurare masu lebur, waɗanda suke kama da felu. Wannan shine ainihin dalilin sunan wannan nau’in. Tsawon ‘ya’yan itace guda ɗaya shine 15-18 cm. Nauyin ‘ya’yan itace cikakke shine 120-150 g. A lokacin balaga na nazarin halittu, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna ɗaukar launin ja mai arziki. Kaurin bango shine 7-8mm.
Ruwan ruwa yana da ɗanɗano. Abin dandano yana da wadata, mai dadi, tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.
Dasa tsaba
Shiri
Na farko, an lalata tsaba, don rage haɗarin cututtuka. Don waɗannan dalilai, yi amfani da maganin manganese mai rauni. Ana sanya tsaba a wurin na rabin sa’a, bayan an fitar da su kuma a bushe.
Mataki na gaba shine gwajin germination, wanda za’ayi kamar haka:
- sanya gauze akan wani wuri mai tauri.
- sanya tsaba na potassium permanganate a saman,
- ƙara 1 Layer na masana’anta a saman,
- ana sanya tsaba a nannade cikin zane a cikin dakin dumi har tsawon mako guda.
- bayan mako guda suna duba sakamakon: tsaba a cikin abin da harbe suka bayyana suna da kyau don dasa shuki, da waɗanda babu harbe a jefa, saboda ba su dace da dasa shuki ba.
Sai tsaba su taurare. Don wannan, ana sanya tsaba da aka zaɓa na sa’o’i 10 a cikin firiji. Wannan ya zama dole don tsire-tsire na gaba zasu iya jure wa yanayin zafi ƙasa cikin sauƙi kuma su kasance marasa lafiya.
Shuka
Kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasa yana yiwuwa ne kawai tare da shuka mai dacewa
Da farko, ana kula da ƙasa tare da maganin manganese. Wannan yana ba ku damar cire ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da abubuwan ganowa daga ƙasa. Ana zuba ƙasan da aka sarrafa a cikin akwati, an yi ƙananan furrows a ciki. Zurfinsa kada ya wuce 1 cm. Ana sanya tsaba a nesa na 2-3 cm daga juna. Bayan haka, an rufe tsagi tare da tsaba da wani Layer na ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da filastik filastik. Ana motsa akwati zuwa wuri mai dumi don kwanaki 7-8 har sai farkon harbe ya fara bayyana.
Bayan mako guda, an cire fim din, in ba haka ba harbe na iya mutu, an sanya akwati a bude a kan windowsill, inda tsire-tsire za su iya samun adadin hasken rana. Don samar da tsarin tushen daidai da shuka kanta, ana kiyaye tsarin zafin jiki a cikin yanki na 20-28 ° C.
Pikivka
Mataki na gaba shine pikovka. Babban aikinsa shine samar da yanki mafi girma don ci gaban harbe a cikin seedlings. Wajibi ne a yanke dukkan kananan harbe gaba daya. Ana matsar da kowace shuka zuwa wani akwati dabam. Dole ne a aiwatar da dukkan ayyuka tare da kulawa ta musamman don kada a lalata tushen.
Shuka a cikin ƙasa
Da zaran seedlings na barkono ja na Red Shebur iri-iri sun kai shekaru 60-70, an dasa su zuwa wuri na dindindin. Bayan ‘yan kwanaki kafin dasa shuki, shiga cikin tsarin hardening. Don yin wannan, ana fitar da duk kwantena tare da seedlings a waje kowace rana don 2-3 hours. Yanayin zafin jiki bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 16 ° C ba.
A cikin greenhouse ko bude ƙasa, shuka yana yiwuwa ne kawai a zazzabi na 18-20 ° C. Ana yin shi a cikin yanayin girgije kuma ba tare da iska ba. Tsakanin layuka suna manne a nesa na 70 cm. Nisa tsakanin bushes shine 50-60 cm. Zai fi kyau shuka ba fiye da bushes 3 a kowace murabba’in kilomita 1 ba. m.
Bukatun kulawa
barkono mai dadi Jan felu yana buƙatar kulawa sosai.
Na farko, kuna buƙatar shayarwa da takin da ya dace a cikin lokaci, ana yin shayarwa kowane kwanaki 3-4 tare da matsakaicin adadin ruwan dumi, saboda ruwan dumi yana ba da damar tushen tushen ya fi kyau a cikin ƙasa. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da hanyar ban ruwa na drip, saboda wannan yana rage haɗarin rot. Ana yin suturar sau uku a duk lokacin girma:
- Ana yin suturar farko ta farko tare da humus a farkon flowering.
- Tufafi na biyu ana yin shi ne da takin nitrogen a lokacin samar da ‘ya’yan itace.
- Na uku, ‘yan makonni kafin girbi. Yana da kyau a wannan lokacin don amfani da abubuwan phosphorus da potassium waɗanda ke ba da damar ‘ya’yan itatuwa su fi kyau bayyana dandano.
Ana kwance ƙasa a kan lokaci kuma ana cire ciyawa. Idan babu lokacin shuka, zaka iya ciyawa gadaje. Don yin wannan, ana haɗa bambaro da humus a daidai adadin. Kar a manta da a daure bushes akai-akai, saboda yawan ‘ya’yan itatuwa yana haifar da lalacewar daji.
Yaki da kwari da cututtuka
Duk da cewa Red shebur yana da tsarin rigakafi mai kyau, saboda rashin kulawa da kyau, yawancin cututtuka da mamayewa na parasites suna yiwuwa. Lokacin da alamun farko na mosaic taba suka bayyana, ana fesa tsire-tsire tare da shirye-shiryen Arax ko Confidor. A cikin yaki da mildew powdery, ana amfani da wani rauni mai rauni na manganese ko 1% bayani na ruwa Bordeaux.
Lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta irin su aphids ko mites suka bayyana, suna amfani da maganin gargajiya. Shirye-shiryen da ke dauke da jan karfe suna zuwa don ceto a cikin yaki da aphids, kuma mites suna kawar da maganin ash na itace ko tafarnuwa.
ƙarshe
Bambance-bambancen Red shebur kyakkyawan zaɓi ne don girma a cikin yankuna na tsakiya da arewacin ƙasar. Saboda juriya ga ƙananan yanayin zafi da yawancin cututtuka, wannan nau’in ya dace da masu farawa a fagen aikin lambu.
