Successful breeding of any living creature requires some skills and abilities from the farmer. A person should know how to care for young animals, organize their premises for living and so on. Today, many prefer turkey to chicken. If you are interested in daily poultry, you can buy them in a specialized store, and in the future everything will depend on how much the breeder is well prepared and knowledgeable.
- arrangement of the room;
- microclimate of the room;
- illumination;
- feeding ;
- diet.
Poultry should be heated on the first day. After the chicks have dried, they should receive their first food and water. You need to carefully select a diet to avoid irreparable errors. Newborn birds need a sufficient amount of balanced food.
Indoor microclimate
The daily turkey needs to be heated. Unlike other poultry, they do not have congenital thermoregulation, therefore, they need additional heating.A thermometer must be placed in the chick room, so that the breeder has the ability to control and regulate the temperature regime.
Throughout the first week, the temperature in the room should be maintained at 35 degrees. Every week, the temperature is gradually reduced by 3-5 degrees. Ultimately, the room temperature will be 20 degrees.
If the birds do not get enough heat, the breeder can see this by their behavior. Kids begin to pile up and constantly emit food. When turkeys are breathing heavily, intermittently, beaks are constantly opening – this is a signal that the room is too hot and the temperature must be adjusted.
Illumination
chicks need round-the-clock illumination. If the room is dark, the chicks will lose their orientation, stumble upon each other and the walls, which will result in injury. At this point, there is still no consensus on the timing of round-the-clock illumination in the room.
Some breeders believe that round-the-clock illumination is necessary for chicks for 1.5 months. Other farmers, reduce daylight hours every day by half an hour. As a result, the chicks shine on the twentieth day for 15 hours.
Selection of illumination and setting of daylight hours, a purely individual lesson. The farmer must first look at the state of his chicks.Under normal temperature conditions and sufficient turkey illumination:
- calm, active;
- sleep separately or in small groups;
- do not make a loud squeak.
Equipment for the room
The first day of life in poultry is in the box. It can be a simple cardboard box. You can fasten two boxes to increase the area. Density per 10 square centimeters 1 turkey. The height of the walls should be at least 30 cm.
The ideal option is to keep the chicks in the brooder . It is bought in a store or made independently. The advantage of the brooder is that, unlike a conventional box, it maintains the required temperature and humidity. Another plus is the mesh flooring, which greatly facilitates the hygiene of the box.
If you can get it, there is no brooder, you can get by with the box. It is important not to forget about the flooring. In the box, you can lay cotton diapers on the floor, make a mound of sawdust or hay. It is best to make the floor by laying out the layers in turn:
- oilcloth;
- newspapers;
- the litter itself.
How to feed and drink?
Daily turkey poults should have Drinking water in sufficient quantities. On the first day they do not eat food, but only drink liquid. Water should only be boiled.Many farmers who have been breeding birds for a long time, add the antibacterial drugs in the first 5 days, it can even be banal manganese. Various biostimulants are often used, which contain all the necessary vitamins and antibiotics. One of these drugs is biovit. Sometimes vitamin C and sugar are put in the water for the chicks (a tablespoon per liter of water).
Poultry should be drunk with boiled water
The chicks are very poorly oriented in space, therefore, in the first three days, they should install dishes for drinking and eating white. It is necessary to arrange the feeders and drinking bowls in the optimal amount. With a lack of plates, the weakest individuals will receive less food, as a result of crowding them out with stronger chicks.
In addition to a properly balanced diet, the diet plays an important role. In the first 10 days you need to feed the chicks up to 9 times. From a month begin to reduce the number of feedings up to 6 times. Already at two months of age, food is given 4 times. Reduce feedings gradually, it is advisable to initially plant chicks on an hourly basis, then further reduction of feedings will not become a problem.
Food – what should it be
Poultry eat also, like chickens. It is best to choose balanced feeds .In the first days of life, the chicks are given a boiled hard-boiled egg, possibly together with the shell. Most diets should include foods containing calcium and protein. In the first days of life, cottage cheese, onion leaves, nettles, boiled carrots are added to the diet.
All products are crushed or finely chopped. For accelerated growth, they practice the introduction of vitamin mixes, which include corn and meat and bone meal, chalk, egg, cottage cheese, bran. The consistency should be friable and slightly moist, but in no case should the food stick together. To moisturize a too dry composition, you can use sour milk or yogurt, ordinary milk can not be used.
Onion and garlic leaves are given only in the daytime. Juicy greens are added to any feeding. It is permissible to pour sour milk in a separate drinker. Often, farmers use “Start” compound feed for feeding young animals. However, before using starter food, you need to consult a veterinarian and carefully read the instructions.
In order to be able to provide the chicks with proper care, you need to know the features of the digestive tract. The diurnal turkey has a much larger intestine. than an adult bird. Based on this, it turns out that the chick has longer food in the intestine than an adult. This means that turkey poults should only accept perfectly selected food.From the diet of babies should be excluded:
- straw;
- hay;
- stale mixers;
- dirty water.
What is sick?
Every farmer must know everything about young diseases . Very often, problems with growth are provoked by improper care, poor-quality food or infectious diseases, which turkeys are often exposed to. The first wake-up call is loose stool , litter color changes, anxiety. These signals cannot be ignored.
First of all, sick chicks are selected and put into another box. The remaining chicks are also transplanted into another clean tray. Ill people are not given food for 24 hours. The main thing is to provide free access to water with manganese. They should be given sulfadimezin or chloramphenicol.
Do not self-medicate, especially if there is not much experience in such matters. It is best to consult an experienced doctor. Often the owners themselves are to blame for not providing the proper conditions. Wet, dirty litter, overheating or hypothermia, frequent stresses, poor diet, stale water can cause a massive infection. All this can even be fatal.
It is very important to conduct a weekly inspection and if you identify suspicious signs, seek help.For example, if the birds shake their heads, this may be a symptom of a serious illness that causes death in 50% of cases and is practically untreatable. It is very important to deworm in time and vaccinate the chicks.
Final part
Growing turkeys is a rather profitable agricultural sector. For a good start, it is necessary to study the behavior, structural features and care of turkeys in the daily age. This will allow you to get a healthy offspring that will delight the owner with high production indicators.
Chicks are born completely not adapted to environmental conditions, do not know how to eat on their own, so they need special care. At first, chicks need to be constantly lightened up, because they do not navigate in space and cannot find feeders and drinking bowls. Also, the breeder will have to teach the chicks to peck food from the feeders themselves.
To drink in the first five days the chicks are given a weak solution of perm potassium anganate. This is an excellent prophylaxis of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and infectious diseases. It is important to remember that the chicks have a much larger intestine than an adult turkey, so the food lingers there longer.
The primary point in keeping the young is hygiene of the room in which they are contained. The litter should always be clean and dry, otherwise the chicks can get sick and even die. For the most part, babies get sick through the fault of the breeders themselves, who cannot provide proper care and feeding. The most important thing to remember is that at first turkey poults are completely independent, poorly seen and in need of care.It is at this moment that immunity starts laying, so having worked a little at the beginning, the breeder will get an excellent result.
