Girbin dankalin turawa mai arziki a cikin kasar ba mafarki ba ne, amma gaskiya ne. Kuna buƙatar yin ɗan ƙoƙari don wannan kawai. A cikin wannan lambun, hadi na musamman zai taimaka, wanda ya fi kyau a yi amfani da shi lokacin dasa shuki dankali. Hanya mafi kyau don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa shine taki don dankali lokacin da aka dasa shi a cikin rami. Yawancin tsire-tsire suna ƙarƙashin ƙasa, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci don takin tushen dankali. Da farko, dankali yana fitar da abubuwan gina jiki daga saman saman ƙasa. Kuma idan kowace shekara ba ku ciyar da shukar ku tare da sabbin nau’ikan ma’adinai da takin gargajiya, to ƙasa za ta bushe da sauri. Yana da mahimmanci don cika ƙasa tare da takin mai magani ba kawai a cikin bazara ba har ma a cikin kaka, nan da nan bayan girbi.
Takin da ake buƙata don dankali lokacin dasa shuki a ciki
Dankali taki
Dankali yana girma sosai a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, peat, da chernozem. Amma ko da a ƙasa mai kyau, ana iya samun amfanin gona mara kyau idan ba a cika shi lokaci-lokaci da abubuwa masu amfani ba. Dangane da irin kasar da kuke da ita a cikin lambun da kuma tsawon lokacin da kuke ciyar da ita, ana yanke shawara kan hanya mafi kyau don takin shuka a wannan lokacin.
Gabaɗaya, dankali yana da faɗi sosai, amma idan ƙasa ta fi takin, to, za ku tattara ƙarin amfanin gona.
Taki don dankali lokacin da aka dasa a cikin rami, yana buƙatar daban. Ana rarraba takin mai magani ta nau’in (kwayoyin halitta da ma’adinai) da kuma abubuwan da ke aiki: nitrogen, potassium, lemun tsami, phosphorus da takin mai magani. Hakanan akwai baits masu sauƙi da rikitarwa. Akwai kashi ɗaya kawai mai amfani a cikin sutura masu sauƙi, za’a iya samun da yawa masu amfani a cikin hadaddun.
Shiri don dasa shuki
Kafin sanya riguna daban-daban a cikin ramin, dole ne ku shirya kayan iri da kyau don dasa shuki kuma zaɓi wuri mai kyau, mai daɗi akan rukunin yanar gizonku. Dole ne wurin sauka ya zama rana. Iri kawai daga amintattun masu siyarwa. Yana da kyawawa cewa dankalin dankalin turawa yana da ƙananan girman kuma nau’in da kuke buƙata – zaɓi nau’in da ya dace da yanayin ku.
Har ila yau, maimakon ƙananan dankali, za ku iya dasa dankali mai yawa tare da “ido”, amma wannan matsananciyar ma’auni ne, saboda ƙila ba za su tsiro ba. Don germination kayan iri, yana da kyau a saka shi a wuri mai dumi na tsawon kwanaki biyu kuma a jira har sai ‘idanun’ sun fara kyankyashe a kan tubers. Lura cewa tubers ba sa buƙatar jiƙa a cikin ruwa, saboda akwai isasshen danshi a cikin ‘ya’yan itacen kanta. Idan ba a shirya kayan iri da kyau ba, ko da wane irin taki kuka saka a cikin rami, dasa ba zai iya samar da amfanin gona da ake so ba.
Organic kayayyakin don dankali
Amfanin suturar kwayoyin halitta shine haɓakarsa. Organics don dankali, yana da kyau a zuba lokacin da aka dasa dankali tare da takin mai magani a cikin rami. A cikin kwayoyin halitta akwai duka macroelements da microelements. Misali, a cikin taki akwai duk mahimman abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɓaka dankali. Taki yana da mahimmanci a matsayin tushen nitrogen. Bugu da ƙari, ma’adanai masu mahimmanci suna samuwa a cikin taki, irin su boron, sulfur, manganese, vanadium, cobalt da magnesium.
Har ila yau, hadi na kwayoyin halitta yana da mahimmanci saboda yana dauke da humus, wani abu da aka samu ta hanyar rushewar kwayoyin halitta. Ƙasa tare da babban abun ciki na humus yana dawo da sauri, yana ba da saurin kwarara na danshi da abubuwan gina jiki zuwa tushen. Ƙasa ba ta cika ambaliya ba, kuma a lokaci guda ruwan ya kasance na dogon lokaci. Wani fa’ida maras tabbas: a cikin ƙasa tare da babban abun ciki na humus, samun iska na tushen ya fi kyau. Irin wannan ƙasa tana aiki azaman filin kiwo don haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani waɗanda ke tasiri sosai ga adadi da ingancin al’adun.
Organics suna ba ku damar shanye waɗannan ma’adanai waɗanda shuka ba ta shafe su a baya ba, kuma akasin haka, don kawar da masu cutarwa. Misali, kasa mai gishiri da ta wuce kima tare da kara kayan kwalliyar na rage illar da ke tattare da ita, da kuma karafa masu nauyi, tare da amsa wasu takin zamani, suna samar da sinadarin da tsire-tsire ba sa sha kuma ba zai cutar da dankali ko lafiyarsu ba. Lokacin da kwayoyin halitta suka rushe, carbon dioxide yana samuwa, wanda ke taimakawa tubers dankalin turawa don haɓakawa.
Zubar da tsuntsu
Mafi arziƙin alama ana ɗaukar zubar da tsuntsaye. Sabbin zubar da tsuntsu nan da nan da aka sanya a ƙasa an haramta shi sosai, saboda yana iya ƙone tushen. Rarraba ɗigon tsuntsu da ruwa zuwa daidaito na 1:15 kuma ajiye sakamakon da aka samu na kwanaki 2-3 a wuri mai dumi. Adadin maganin shine lita daya da rabi a kowace daji.
humus
Humus zai kara yawan amfanin shuke-shuke
Humus ruɓaɓɓen takin ne ko takin na tsawon shekaru biyu ko ma da yawa. A waje, humus yana kama da ƙasa maras kyau kuma yana wari iri ɗaya na ƙasa, ana amfani dashi azaman kariya – ciyawa, da kuma cika ramuka bayan shuka dankali. Hummus ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na ma’adanai da mahadi, amma yana da cikakken aminci. Zai fi kyau jefa humus lokacin dasa shuki dankali a cikin bazara a cikin rami. Don kwatanta tasirin humus, zaku iya shuka layuka da yawa na dankali ba tare da ƙara taki ba, kuma a cikin sauran layuka tare da ƙari na humus. Lokacin da kuka girbi, nan da nan zaku lura da girma da adadin tubers yadda yakamata a saka takin da ake buƙata a cikin rami.
Taki
Taki shine mafi mashahurin taki. Taki ya bambanta kuma tasirinsa ya dogara da dabbar da ke ‘samar’ da ita. Mafi kyawun taki shine zomo, doki, doki, giwa, amma yawanci shine saniya. Taki shine takin nitrogen da farko, amma kuma yana da yawa a cikin magnesium, potassium, da phosphorous. Nan da nan bayan ‘bakin saniya’, matashin taki yana da haɗari don shuka. An fi amfani da taki a ƙasa a cikin bazara kafin dasa shuki iri tubers. Bayan kun shigar da taki a cikin ƙasa, za ku iya tono ƙasa. Ba za ku lalata shukar ku da ruɓaɓɓen taki ba.
takin
Takin zamani wani abu ne da ake samu daga sharar abinci, saman, da bambaro. Don shirya shi yadda ya kamata, da farko ƙara takin a cikin rami tare da murfi kuma bar shi ya lalace. A lokacin hunturu, takin yana samar da taki mai kyau. Kafin shuka dankali, ƙara ɗan takin a kowace rijiya. Girbi na gaba tare da irin wannan sutura zai kasance mai yawa da lafiya.
Ma’adanai don dankali
Tufafin ma’adinai suna da mahimmanci saboda suna samar da macro da micronutrients masu dacewa a cikin tsari mai mahimmanci.
Babban macroelement wanda dankali ba zai iya rayuwa ba tare da shi ba shine potassium. Sabili da haka, na farko kuma mafi mahimmancin ma’adinan takin zamani da ake amfani da su a cikin bazara shine toka na itace. Ya ƙunshi potassium da yawa, ƙari, tare da ƙasa mai yawan acidic, toka yana rage acidity. Ana kuma kara toka a cikin takin.
Bugu da ƙari, takin potash ma potassium chloride, potassium gishiri, da potassium sulfate.
Nitrogen takin mai magani yafi urea (urea) da nitrate. Hakanan akwai takin mai magani a cikin hadaddun, irin su ammophos da nitrophoska, wanda ke ba da damar iya cika ƙasa da abubuwa da yawa a lokaci ɗaya. Abubuwan da aka gano kamar su aidin, boron, vanadium, zinc, sulfur, magnesium, da manganese suma sun zama dole ga dankali. A cewar masana kimiyya, don girma 1 kg na balagagge tubers, kana bukatar game da 12.5 g na potassium, 5 g na nitrogen, 2 g na phosphoric acid da kuma 1.5 g na magnesium.
Adadin taki da ake bukata
- Idan ƙasar tana da wadata, to kilogiram 2.5 na takin ko superphosphate da kilogiram 1.5 na kowane taki na potash a kowace murabba’in murabba’in mita ɗari na ƙasa.
- Idan ƙasa ta ɗan ƙara kaɗan, to 3 kilogiram na ruɓaɓɓen taki, takin nitrogen – 3 kg, phosphorus 4 kg da 2.5 kilogiram na potassium.
- Idan ƙasa ba ta da yawa, ƙara ƙasa humus a cikin adadin kilogiram 100 a kowace murabba’in mita ɗari.
Siffofin takin rijiyoyi
Kafin taki, da farko tono ƙasa. Bayan haka, ramukan suna da zurfi a cikin ƙasa tare da shebur bayoneti. A cikinsu, kuma kuna buƙatar shuka iri, wanda za ku shirya a gaba. Muna takin rami tare da zaɓaɓɓen miya kafin dasa shuki, alal misali, ash itace da humus a cikin rabo na 5 tablespoons. ash da 0.8-1 kg na humus. Za a iya maye gurbin Ash tare da tablespoon na nitrophoska da rabin gilashin abincin kashi.
Sanya iri a cikin rami kuma cika shi da ƙasa. Dole ne a lissafta adadin hadi daidai gwargwado don kada ya lalata shukar. Yawancin taki, da kuma ƙarancinsa, na iya haifar da raguwar alamun aiki. Kowane mako muna shayar da gadon lambun don shukar ta yi girma a hankali kuma ta sami nauyi. Ya kamata a yi shayarwa da yawa a lokacin furanni da kuma bayan lokacin fure don rage yawan ruwa.
