Girma cucumbers, masu shuka kayan lambu sukan fuskanci matsala kamar ciyawar da ba ta da tushe. Dalilan na iya zama daban-daban, kuma yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade dalilin da yasa gashin ido na kokwamba ya ɓace. Wannan zai adana tsire-tsire kuma ba za ku rasa girbi na gaba ba.
Dalilan wilting cucumbers
Babban dalilai
Akwai dalilai da yawa na wilting na kokwamba gashin idanu.
Noma
Mai tushe da ganye suna rasa elasticity da sauri a sakamakon irin wannan cin zarafi na agrotechnical:
- rashin isasshen ruwa,
- sauyin yanayi,
- yawan taki.
Cututtuka
Dalilin da zai iya haifar da wilting shine cututtuka da ke shafar tsire-tsire da kuma katse hanyoyin ci gaban su. Ana iya lura da wiring bayan kamuwa da cuta:
- cututtuka na fusarium,
- tushen rot.
Suna da sauƙin ganewa da bambanta daga wasu dalilai saboda akwai wasu alamomin halayen.
Karin kwari
Dalilin da yasa ganyen kokwamba da gashin ido na iya shuɗewa na iya lalacewa ta hanyar kwari. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan kwari ne na ƙasa waɗanda ke lalata tushen cucumbers:
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don magance kowane yanayi na kowane mutum. matsala.
Rashin isasshen ruwa
Shayarwa na yau da kullun da isasshen zafi yana ba da garantin cikakken ci gaban kowane shuka, cucumbers ba banda. Tare da rashin isasshen ruwa, bushes sun fara rasa danshi da sauri, kuma a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ganye da mai tushe sun rasa elasticity, kuma shuka gaba ɗaya ya bushe kuma ya bushe. Cucumbers yawanci suna buƙatar shayarwa kowane kwana 2-3. Ya kamata a tabbatar da cewa ruwa baya tsayawa a tushen, amma ƙasa tana cike da danshi. Ana buƙatar kusan lita 1 na ruwa a kowane daji yayin fure.
Yadda za a magance matsalar
Ana iya magance wannan matsala cikin sauƙi cikin kankanin lokaci. Ya isa ya ci gaba da shayarwa na yau da kullum kuma gashin ido na kokwamba zai sami bayyanar lafiya. Wajibi ne a ci gaba da shayarwa a hankali bayan irin wannan yanayi mai wahala ga shuka. Zuba bushes a cikin ƙananan sassa a cikin wucewa da yawa. Sa’an nan kuma cucumbers za su sha ruwan da aka samu a ko’ina. Ruwa ya kamata ya zama dumi kuma a cikin yanayi mai kyau.
Dole ne ruwa ya zama na yau da kullun don hana ƙasa bushewa. Don kare tsire-tsire daga ƙarancin danshi lokacin da ba zai yiwu a shayar da ƙasa a cikin lokaci ba, an rufe agroperlite a ƙarƙashin daji. Yana zubar da ƙasa da kyau, kuma yana tara danshi kuma, idan ya cancanta, ya kai shi zuwa tushen. Don daji, 0,5 l na agroperlite ya isa.
Sauyin yanayi
Canje-canje a zafin jiki na kwatsam yana cutar da tsire-tsire
Canza yanayin zafi kuma na iya haifar da wilt ɗin. Kuma wannan yana haifar da ba kawai ga yanayin zafi ba, har ma da ƙananan. Canje-canje kwatsam da yanayin zafi da ba a saba gani ba ga cucumbers suna yin illa ga ci gaban su.
Wan zafi fiye da kima
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka yi zafi, lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi sama da 30 ° C, cucumbers sun rasa danshi mai yawa kuma sun rasa elasticity na ganye da mai tushe. Irin wannan zafi zai iya haifar da bushewa da mutuwar amfanin gona.
Yadda za a gyara shi
Don daidaita yawan zafin jiki, yana da kyau don kare tsire-tsire daga hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma shayar da su da safe da rana don maye gurbin danshi da aka rasa. Idan an girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse, dole ne a shayar da shi kuma ba a rufe shi gaba daya ba.
Subcooling
Game da raguwa mai kaifi da kaifi a cikin zafin jiki, cucumbers sun daina shan abubuwa masu amfani, wanda ke haifar da gaskiyar cewa bushes ya bushe kuma ya juya rawaya. Wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a yanayin zafi ƙasa da 10 ° C.
Yadda ake gyarawa
Kafin sake dawo da yanayin zafi mai kyau, yakamata a rufe bushes da kayan da ba a saka ba, agrofiber ko fim, a hankali zuba da ruwan dumi (25-30 ° C).
Yawan yawan taki
Cucumbers sun bushe idan, saboda rashin kwarewa, jahilci ko kuma sakamakon aiki na musamman, an gudanar da hadi na nitrogen fiye da adadin. Nitrogen takin mai magani (ammonium nitrate, urea, taki, zubar da tsuntsaye), lokacin da maida hankali ya wuce, yana da ikon ƙone tushen. Kuma sakamakon irin wannan kuna zai kasance cewa daji yana bushewa kuma ya bushe.
Yadda za a gyara shi
Don taimakawa shuka ya sake dawowa, kana buƙatar cire saman ƙwallon ƙasa daga ƙarƙashin bushes kuma maye gurbin shi da sabon. Yana da kyau a zubar da bushes tare da ruwa mai tsabta. Idan wannan yanayin ya faru tare da tsire-tsire matasa, to, an cire su daga ƙasa, an wanke su da ruwa mai tsabta kuma a dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai kyau. Bayan dasa shuki, zuba maganin epine ko tushen tushen don ingantacciyar tushen tushe.
Don kauce wa wannan halin da ake ciki a nan gaba, kana bukatar ka tuna daidai sashi na nitrogen miya. An gabatar da Urea da ammonium nitrate a cikin adadin da bai wuce 20 g da 1 m2 ba. a cikin nau’i mai bushe A cikin nau’i na bayani zuwa lita 10 na ruwa, ƙara 20 g na taki. Ana amfani da zubar da tsuntsaye ko taki a matsayin dakatarwa. Don wannan, ana tayar da 200 g na datti ko 400 g na taki a cikin 10 l, nace 48 hours. Sakamakon abu yana diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 250 ml na laka ga kowane lita 10 na ruwa.
Cututtukan naman gwari
Cututtukan fungal na iya haifar da babbar illa ga tsirrai.
Kuma daya daga cikin alamun kamuwa da cuta zai kasance cewa kara da ganye ya bushe. Don fahimtar abin da rashin lafiya ya fi dacewa da gado kokwamba, kuna buƙatar bincika tsire-tsire a hankali don kasancewar sauran alamun cututtuka na musamman. Wannan zai taimaka wajen aiwatar da magani daidai da kauce wa saukowa da aka rasa.
Fusarium
Fusarium na iya lalata duk tsire-tsire
Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ta hanyar ƙasa, tsaba, kayan aiki. Bugu da ƙari ga bushewar bushes, akwai ƙananan wuyan wuyansa da gashin ido, capillaries za su zama launin ruwan kasa lokacin da aka yanke kara, rawaya da bushewa ganye.
Tratamiento
Cutar fusarium yana da wuyar magancewa. Idan bushes sun kamu da wannan cuta, zaku iya ƙoƙarin shawo kan fungi na pathogenic tare da taimakon Trichophyte. Ana narkar da shi cikin ruwa kuma ana shayar da cucumbers a ƙarƙashin wani daji, bugu da ƙari kuma ana yayyafa shi akan ganye. Ana aiwatar da aiwatarwa kowane kwanaki 10-14, sau uku.
Amma hanya mafi kyau don magance wannan cuta zai kasance matakan rigakafi kuma za a yi su a kakar wasa ta gaba don kada su sake yin kasa a cikin noman cucumbers. Don yin wannan:
- zaɓi nau’ikan resistant zuwa Fusarium,
- disinfect da tsaba (peroxide, potassium permanganate);
- bi da ƙasa don seedlings (calcine a cikin tanda, zuba ruwan zãfi),
- shirya gado (bi da Trichophytum, Biofitum),
- rigakafin bi da shrubs tare da biofungicide.
Wadannan hanyoyin fasaha na aikin gona zasu taimaka wajen hana cututtuka a cikin sabon kakar DA kuma girma cucumbers masu lafiya tare da girbi mai yawa.
Tushen rube
Wannan kuma cutar fungal ce da ke shafar tushen. A sakamakon haka, yana shayar da danshi da abinci mai gina jiki, bulala ya bushe, kuma ya bushe ya fadi. Babban ɓangaren tushen ya juya launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa.
Tratamiento
Tushen yana da wahala a magance shi, amma tare da gano cutar da wuri, ana aiwatar da shi don lanƙwasa ƙananan ɓangaren tushe zuwa ƙasa don samar da ƙarin tushen. Kamar yadda samuwar lafiya Tushen yayyafa da kara da ƙasa. A lokaci guda, ana kula da bushes da aka shafa tare da Previkur.
Karin kwari
Kwarin da ke lalata tushen tsarin na iya juyar da gashin ido kokwamba.
Wadannan sun hada da nematode da bear. Sakamakon lalacewar tushen da rauni, tsarin danshi da abinci mai gina jiki ya rushe, yana haifar da rashin ƙarfi girma, bushewa da bushewa na cucumbers.
Don magance waɗannan kwari, ana amfani da infusions masu tayar da hankali (tafarnuwa, albasa), wanda ke zube ko’ina cikin lambun. . Suna kuma amfani da Medvecid don yaƙar bear da nematode nematodes. Lokacin gano irin waɗannan kwari a cikin lambun, a ƙarshen kakar wasa ko a farkon na gaba, ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman don lalata gadaje da yaƙi da su.
ƙarshe
Gilashin kokwamba yana bushewa saboda dalilai na keta fasahar aikin gona ko kuma sakamakon lalacewar tushen tsarin ta cututtuka ko kwari. Tare da ganewar asali da wuri, cucumbers sun fi dacewa a magance su cikin nasara. Matsakaicin inganci don kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka daban-daban, kwari da sakamakon su shine fasahar aikin gona da ta dace, maganin rigakafi da kulawa da hankali.
