Wannan dangin dangi ne na zucchini, kankana da kankana, na dangi ne.
kabewa… Sunan kimiyya «cucumis sativus»
fassara daga Latin kamar yadda «shuka kokwamba«. A cewar bayanai
A cewar littattafan tunani na Botanical, ‘ya’yan itacen wannan shuka ana ɗaukar Berry.
Gaskiya ne, akan yanayi ɗaya: berries karya. Don dafa abinci da gustatory
halaye na kokwamba har yanzu ana la’akari da amfanin gona na kayan lambu, wanda,
Af, yana matsayi na hudu a duniya wajen girma girma a tsakanin kayan lambu..
Amfani Properties na cucumbers
Haɗin kai da adadin kuzari.
Danyen kokwamba ya ƙunshi (a cikin 100 g): .
kalori 15 kcal
Ya fi amfani a ci cucumbers tare da kwasfa, wanda
ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Duk da haka, duka peeled da pickled.
cucumbers suna riƙe wasu kaddarorin masu amfani. Gaskiya ne cewa yana da daraja la’akari
wanda a cikin sifa mai gishiri ko tsintsin tsiya yana tsalle cikin su sosai
matakan sodium, wanda zai iya cutar da lafiyar ɗan adam,
ciwon koda
gazawa. A lokaci guda, adadin bitamin yana raguwa.
Matsayin potassium, magnesium, zinc da calcium yana raguwa. AMMA
gishiri da yawa
zai iya haifar da lalata enamel hakori, riƙe ruwa a ciki
jiki da kuma canji na gastrointestinal fili.
Kayan magani
Kokwamba yana kasa da kayan lambu da yawa a cikin abun ciki na bitamin, saboda
kusan gaba daya
na ruwa. Duk da haka, ruwan kokwamba yana da wadata a cikin ma’adinai salts.
da abubuwa masu aiki da ilimin halitta. Alal misali, a cikin cucumbers.
akwai enzymes
inganta assimilation na sunadaran da bitamin B, da kuma kula
al’ada jini dauki. Bugu da ƙari, cucumbers sun ƙunshi wani enzyme wanda
kama da insulin, yana mai da shi muhimmin mahimmanci a cikin abincin masu ciwon sukari.
Bugu da ƙari, ruwan kokwamba yana taimakawa wajen tsaftace jiki ta hanyar narkewa
guba. Wato, kada a yi amfani da kokwamba a matsayin mai zaman kanta
abinci, amma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita sauran abinci, misali
nama. Ana ba da shawarar cucumbers don ƙananan adadin kuzari.
mutane masu saurin kiba.
Ko da yake a cikin ƙananan adadin cucumbers sun ƙunshi phosphorus, potassium,
alli, sulfur, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, da aidin (a cikin nau’i mai sauƙin narkewa
form). Saboda wannan, suna da choleretic da diuretics.
Properties, taimaka inganta aiki na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin
tsarin da aka ba da shawarar ga mutanen da ke da cututtukan thyroid
gland. Bugu da ƙari, wannan saitin abubuwan ganowa yana ba da gudummawa ga
yana inganta yanayin farcen mutum, gashi, hakora da kuma rage acidity
ruwan ciki. By hanyar, fiber
kunshe a cikin cucumbers, yana da mafi kyawun tasiri akan tsari
narkewa. Sakamakon laxative mai laushi yana taimakawa wajen kawar da shi
daga maƙarƙashiya.
Game da bitamin, cucumbers na iya yin alfahari da kasancewa a ciki
abun da ke ciki na carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, folates, da dai sauransu. Na karshe
shiga rayayye a cikin ƙa’idodin matakan homocysteine
– amino acid,
wanda aka kafa a cikin jiki yayin metabolism kuma yana ƙaruwa
Haɗarin cututtukan atherosclerotic na jijiyoyin jini da thrombosis.
Wani abu mai amfani na kokwamba shine phytosterol (phytosterol)
– barasa na steroidal wanda baya narkewa cikin ruwa. Mahimmanci, magana
shine kayan lambu ninki biyu na cholesterol. Amfanin ku shine
wanda ke da lafiya ga mutane kuma baya haifar da ci gaba
atherosclerosis
Sau ɗaya a cikin jiki, phytosterol yana hana kusan kashi 10% na ƙwayar cholesterol.
kuma maimakon haka ya shiga cikin jini ba tare da cutar da jiki ba.
Amfani a magani
A cikin maganin gargajiya, kokwamba, duk da kasancewar amfani
abubuwa da kaddarorin, ba amfani da pharmacopoeial shuka
ba ya ƙidaya. Duk da haka, ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu launin kore sun dade suna aiki.
kuma ana amfani da shi cikin nasara a cikin magungunan jama’a da kwaskwarima.
Na farko, mafi sauƙin amfani da amfani don kokwamba shine waje.
Idan kuna fama da ƙananan konewa,
abrasions ko raunuka, an bada shawarar sanya yanke a kan yankin da ya lalace
kokwamba ko goge wannan wuri tare da ruwan ‘ya’yan cucumber sabo. Wannan garanti
m antimicrobial sakamako (ko da suppuration). A matsayi na biyu.
dangane da kokwamba, daban-daban decoctions, infusions an shirya, daga abin da suke yi
matsawa. Bugu da kari, ba kawai ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ruwan’ ya’yan itace shiga cikin wurare dabam dabam.
amma kuma furanni, ganye da bulala na shuka (yawanci a bushe
form).
Decoctions da infusions.
A decoction na sabo ne cucumbers iya taimaka rabu da mu
saboda edema saboda cututtukan zuciya ko
varicose veins.
Don yin wannan, finely sara 100 g na kokwamba mai wanke, zuba shi
200 ml na ruwan zãfi kuma simmer na minti 5. Rabin gilashi
irin wannan broth ya kamata a sha kafin abinci sau uku a rana zuwa
7-10 kwanaki.
Idan akwai jaundice
ana bada shawara don sara 50 g na cikakke cucumbers da 20 g na busassun ganye
shuka iri daya. Zuba wannan taro tare da 500 ml na ruwa kuma dafa a cikin wanka.
cikin mintuna 20. Sai ki tace ruwan da kika samu ki sha
Sau 4 a rana tsawon kwanaki 14.
Domin zazzabin cizon sauro
da zazzabi, ana ɗaukar decoction kokwamba hanya ce mai tasiri
furanni. Ya kamata ku zuba 1 tablespoon na busassun furanni tare da 250 ml.
ruwan zafi kuma simmer na minti 10.
Sa’an nan kuma tace ta hanyar cheesecloth kuma raba kashi uku
sassan da za a sha sau uku a rana tsawon kwanaki 10.
Magungunan gargajiya sunyi imanin cewa kokwamba yana da amfani
basur. Don sauƙaƙe yanayin marasa lafiya, ana bada shawarar zuba
‘ya’yan itatuwa kore tare da ruwa mai gishiri kadan kuma a bar a cikin firiji. Game da shi
don kwanaki 14, sha wannan brine gilashi ɗaya lokaci guda tsakanin allurai
abinci (sau 3 a rana). Don kawar da zubar jinin mahaifa.
shawara 70 g na dried kokwamba mai tushe zuba 500 ml na ruwa da kuma dafa
a cikin ruwan wanka na tsawon minti 20. Bari broth ya tsaya don 2 hours sannan
Matsi. A sha rabin gilashi sau 3 a rana don 5
kwana.
A ƙarshe, kokwamba tincture ana daukar magani mai tasiri.
yaki da trophic miki. Don shirya shi nika
a cikin wani blender 100 g na kokwamba (daga cikakke ‘ya’yan itatuwa) da kuma zuba a kansu
gilashin ruwa. Zuba ruwan cakuda a cikin duhu har tsawon kwanaki 10.
girgiza shi akai-akai. Iri kafin amfani. Karin jika
Gauze swabs da shafa su a kan ulcer na minti 30. Kokwamba
tsaban kuma suna taimakawa wajen rage radadi yayin fitsari.
Zuba cokali guda na tsaba na ƙasa tare da 600 ml na ruwa kuma nace
a cikin thermos na 2 hours. Sha irin wannan tincture, ƙara zuwa gare shi
zuma a dandana, sau uku a rana har tsawon mako guda.
kara
Ana daukar ruwan ‘ya’yan cucumber a matsayin wakili mai tsaftacewa wanda ke taimakawa
narkar da abubuwa masu guba a cikin jiki. Suma masu maganin gargajiya
da’awar yana da tasiri a kan ƙananan koda
uric acid duwatsu da lu’ulu’u. Har ila yau, an yi imani
wanda ke kashe ƙishirwa da kyau, yana da tasiri mai kyau akan
tsarin juyayi kuma yana ƙarfafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Kokwamba ruwan ‘ya’yan itace yana da diuretic da laxative Properties. makamantansu
dalilai, kuna buƙatar shan cokali 3 sau 3 a rana.
Mix ruwan ‘ya’yan itace kokwamba tare da ruwan ‘ya’yan karas
Ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi don cututtukan rheumatic. Kuma tare
tare da zuma, ana amfani da ruwan ‘ya’yan cucumber don rage tari da
ciwon ciki. Yawancin lokaci ana shan cokali ɗaya a cikin 100 ml na ruwan ‘ya’yan itace.
soyayya. Shan irin wannan magani ya zama dole don cokali uku
sau daya a rana
A cikin magungunan gabas
Saboda tasirin da samfurin ke da shi a jiki, sau ɗaya a ciki.
Magungunan gabas suna rarraba cucumber a matsayin abinci mai sanyi.
Abincin da ke da kaddarorin sanyi suna da tasirin antipyretic,
yana wanke jiki kuma yana rage karfin metabolism. Products a Gabas
Hakanan an raba su da launi, kowannensu yayi daidai da wani takamaiman
jiki. Green kayan lambu suna hulɗa tare da hanta,
cire masa nauyi. Bugu da ƙari, an yi imanin kokwamba yana taimakawa
kawar da damuwa ta jiki da ta hankali da kuma hana
ciwon kai
A cikin Ayurveda na Indiya, ana kuma godiya da kokwamba saboda halayen sanyaya.
Ko da a cikin yanayin zafi, wannan kayan lambu na iya kula da zafin jiki.
20 digiri ƙasa da yanayin. A zamanin da
An yi amfani da cucumber don magance raunin gani da ciwon suga. Daga nasa
Tare da rage matsi, suma an ceto su bayan da kunama suka cije su.
Yanzu a Indiya, ana yin man ne daga cucumber, wanda ya fi fadi
kewayon aikace-aikace. Magance maƙarƙashiya da ɗigon fitsari.
duodenal miki da rheumatism,
rashin karfin mazakuta da cututtuka na farji. Menene ƙari,
dauke da tasiri a kan dandruff, kunar rana a jiki da duhu
da’ira karkashin idanu..
A cikin binciken kimiyya
Cucumber ya shahara sosai a duk faɗin duniya, yana tsiro a iri-iri
yanayin yanayi, don haka ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa ya zama
abin binciken kimiyya. Yawancin masana kimiyya suna samun sauki
data kasance hanyoyin dasa shuki (sharudda da makirci), namo, girbi
da kuma ajiyar cucumbers. Masu kiwo suna kiwon sababbi,
iri mafi resistant zuwa cututtuka.
Saboda haka, ya juya daga cewa yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma ingancin matasan cucumbers
yana rinjayar asalin siffofin ubansu da na uwa. Don mafi kyau
Ana ba da shawarar cewa girbi ya shiga cikin tsarin zaɓin nau’ikan nau’ikan
rukunin muhalli-geographic..
Amma ga ajiya na greenhouse cucumbers, sa’an nan tare da unfavorable
yanayi, ana lura da ci gaban fungi na pathogenic sau da yawa. Masana kimiyya
gano cewa karuwa da raguwa a cikin zafin jiki, dangane da abin da aka yi la’akari
tare da al’ada na 12-14 ° C, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin kamuwa da cucumbers a cikin tsari.
ajiya. Hanyar marufi kuma muhimmin abu ne.
da gas abun da ke ciki na yanayi..
Masana kimiyya sun sami nasara a binciken kimiyya da fasaha.
Yanzu ba lallai ba ne don amfani da ƙasa don girma cucumbers,
akwai wata hanya ta dabam: shigar da matakan hydroponic masu yawa
shuka wanda ke ba ku damar shuka kayan lambu masu gina jiki
mafita. Yanzu sabbin nau’ikan cucumbers ana haɓaka, sun fi dacewa
don sababbin kayan aiki.… Har ila yau, na farko
Robots masu hannu biyu waɗanda ke yin aikin ɗauka ta atomatik.
kokwamba..
A ƙarshe, kwanan nan, kokwamba ya bayyana ba kawai a cikin aikin gona ba
bincike, amma kuma likita, kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka kammala
cewa cucurbitacin glycoside da ke cikin kayan lambu yana da dukiya
danne muhimman ayyukan kwayoyin cutar kansa..
A cikin ilimin abinci
Ganin cewa cucumber kusan ruwa ne.
ana la’akari da samfurin abinci. Babban darajarsa shine ƙarancin kalori abun ciki,
amma kuma yana rage saurin jujjuyawar carbohydrate
a cikin fats kuma yana taimakawa hadewar sunadaran. Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai
abubuwa masu amfani da ma’adinai da bitamin, waɗanda suke da kyau
shafi aiki na kodan, hanta, zuciya, taimakawa wajen ƙarfafawa
jiragen ruwa
Wasu masu gina jiki suna ba da shawarar mutanen da ke neman rasa nauyi ko
tsaftace jiki daga gubobi, tsara fitarwa a lokacin rani
kwanakin kokwamba. Bai kamata a yi haka fiye da sau ɗaya a mako ba.
Kuma a wannan rana, kuna buƙatar rage yawan motsa jiki kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Kuna buƙatar cin kusan kilogiram 2 na cucumbers sabo ne kowace rana. Duk da haka, ya zama dole
Yi hankali da pickles ko pickles. Matsakaicinsa
amfani yana kaiwa ga cinye adadin da ya wuce kima
Gishiri.
A cikin dafa abinci
Ana amfani da cucumbers sosai a dafa abinci, ƙara su zuwa salads, miya,
kayan ciye-ciye da miya iri-iri. Suna kuma gishiri, gwangwani.
da pickles. Don zaɓar cucumbers masu dacewa don haɗawa
don manufar ku, ya kamata ku sani cewa masu kiwo suna raba su daidai da haka
shirt – saman kokwamba. Akwai manyan nau’ikan riguna guda 3: Slavic
– tare da ƙananan kashin baya a saman (marinade yana shiga sannu a hankali,
wanda ke sa kayan lambu ya tsaya tsayin daka), Jamusanci – tare da sararin samaniya
ƙaya (brine yana shiga cikin sauri) da Asiya, tare da laushi
surface da kauri fata, mai kyau ga salads).
Lokacin ƙara cucumbers zuwa salatin, matan gida sukan fuskanci gaskiyar cewa
cewa kayan lambu yana da ɗaci. Irin wannan haushi yana haifar da glucoside cucurbitacin.
wanda ke bayyana akan kokwamba bayan yanayin damuwa (rashin
ruwa, yawan rana, yawan zafin jiki). A’a
Kokwamba mai ɗaci ba ya cutar da jiki, akasin haka, an yi imani da cewa
cewa cucurbitacin yana da hannu wajen hana aikin ciwon daji
Kwayoyin. Amma don guje wa siyan kayan lambu mai tsami, a’a
kana buƙatar ɗaukar cucumbers masu kauri da kauri mai duhu kore fata
kamata.
Abin sha’awa, maimakon kokwamba don dafa abinci, zaka iya amfani da kokwamba
ciyawa borage (misali, a cikin kakar lokacin da babu sabo cucumbers). Wannan
ganyen yana da darajar sinadirai masu yawa kuma ya ƙunshi bitamin.
Yana dandana kamar kokwamba da albasa.
Haɗuwa da sauran samfuran
Cucumbers suna da kyau tare da kusan dukkanin abinci banda tumatir.
Da zarar a cikin jiki, tumatir suna samar da yanayin acidic a kusa da su.
kuma cucumbers sune alkaline. A sakamakon haka, wannan haɗin yana haifar da
samuwar gishiri, wanda mummunan tasiri akan aikin kodan. Hakanan
Ascorbic acid, wanda ake samu a cikin tumatir, ba a sha.
saboda enzyme ascorbinase daga kokwamba, a sakamakon abin da jiki
rashin bitamin C. Amma cucumbers na da matukar amfani a ci tare
tare da nama, tun da sun yarda da sha da sunadaran.
abubuwan sha
Ruwan cucumber yana da kaddarorin amfani masu yawa, don haka ana bada shawarar
sha a cikin mafi tsarkin siffarsa. Koyaya, godiya ga tasirin sanyaya hakan
Ana ƙara cucumber sau da yawa a cikin abubuwan sha na rani iri-iri.
Alal misali, ruwan ‘ya’yan itace lemun tsami.
da kankana
(200 g na kankana, 1/2 lemun tsami, cucumbers 12, dintsi na mint da ruwa)
ko alayyafo da seleri smoothie (haɗa a cikin wani blender: 100 g na alayyafo,
1 kore apple, 1 kokwamba, 1 stalk na seleri, 1 yanki na ginger,
ruwan lemun tsami cokali 2). Cucumber kuma ya shahara.
ruwa (kokwamba 1, gungu na mint, rabin lemun tsami, lita 1 na ruwa).
En cosmetology
Kokwamba yana dauke da samfurin kwaskwarima mai kyau wanda yake da shi
Wartsakewa da farfadowa da tasiri akan fata. Godiya ga phytosterol,
riƙe danshi yana faruwa kuma akwai ɗan tasirin ɗagawa.
Kuma gishirin alkaline yana ba da abinci mai gina jiki da fari ga fata.
mataki cire plaque.
Yanzu akwai babban zaɓi na kowane nau’in masks, lotions,
tonics, kokwamba na tushen gels, amma a lokacin rani shirya kayan shafawa
ana iya yin maganin a gida.
Don sabunta fatar fuska bayan aiki mai yawa, rashin barci.
ko damuwa, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar kokwamba 1 da furotin kaza 1. Ya kammata
grate kokwamba a kan grater lafiya kuma ɗauki 2 tbsp. porridge, hadawa
su da kwai farar tsiya. Sa’an nan kuma shafa abin rufe fuska a fuskarka.
na tsawon minti 15 kuma kurkura da ruwa. Kuma ga fata a kusa da idanu ana bada shawarar
Mix 2 tbsp. grated kokwamba tare da yankakken faski.
Don cimma sakamako na farfadowa, dole ne ku haɗu da 1 tablespoon.
grated kokwamba tare da 1 tsp. Farin yumbu. Sakamakon moisturizing yana ba da
mask daga 1 tbsp. grated kokwamba, 1 tsp. murkushe
menta
kuma 1 tsp. yankakken Basil.
Haɗari Properties na cucumbers da contraindications
Cucumbers samfurin abinci ne, amma har ma suna iya haifar da wasu lokuta
lalacewa ga jiki. Ana ba da shawarar ƙin amfani da shi a irin waɗannan lokuta:
- exacerbation na ciki ulcers;
- m da na kullum gastritis da kuma enterocolitis;
- m da na kullum nephritis
da pyelonephritis, kazalika da hepatitis da cholecystitis (kauce wa
ku ci pickled cucumbers; - ciyar da jariri (zai iya haifar da ciwon ciki da ciwon ciki a cikin jariri).
Mun tattara mahimman bayanai game da fa’idodi da haɗarin cucumbers.
a cikin wannan misalin kuma za mu yi godiya sosai idan kun raba
hoto a shafukan sada zumunta, tare da hanyar haɗi zuwa shafinmu:
bayanai na sha’awa
Ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen farko da kokwamba ya kasance cikin gida kuma ya fara cinyewa
don abincin Sinanci ne. Akwai labari wanda Sinawa suka fada
gabatar da wannan kayan lambu ga Turkiyya. Daga cikin sauran kyaututtuka, sun aika
Sultan Magomed II na Turkiyya a matsayin kyauta tare da ‘ya’yan itatuwa daban-daban.
– cucumbers. Sultan na son bakon kayan lambu ya kira
bakwai daga cikin mafi kyawun masu gadi a cikin kotu don kare ku. Duk da haka,
wani kokwamba ya bace, kuma duk masu gadin sun musanta hannu
zuwa sata. Nan sarki a fusace ya yanke shawarar shirya wani irin bincike.
bada umarnin karya cikin bakwai.
Wataƙila shi ya sa ake cewa «To
kula da kokwamba da gatari «. Gaskiya ne, yanzu waɗannan kalmomi yawanci
Ana nufa su ne ga mutumin da yake aikata ayyukan banza. A cikin Turanci da Rashanci
A cikin harsuna, karin magana game da cucumbers suna da ma’ana mai kyau.
Don haka Ingilishi ya ce ‘sabo ne kamar kokwamba“, Wannan a zahiri
yana fassara kamar”kwantar da hankali kamar kokwamba«Y yana nufin cikakke
daidaito. … Za ka iya sau da yawa jin magana «ser
kamar kokwamba», Wanda ke nufin zama mai fara’a da kyan gani. AMMA
Mutanen Brazil suna amfani da kalmar «yar chuchu“(Port.
chayote ko kokwamba na Mexican) don roƙon ƙauna ga ƙaunatattun
ga mutane
Af, game da soyayya. A cikin 2011. jerin da ake kira
Love Cucumber, wanda ke ba da labarin rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin gari.
Gorelkovo, sananne ne ga filayen kokwamba. Hakanan, dawo cikin
1985 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet bisa ga labarin Galina Lebedeva aka halitta
zane mai ban dariya “dokin cucumber”. Kirkirar Koren Fakitin Kafa Takarda
Ana kuma sake yin kayan lambu a cikin labarin koyarwa “Cucumbers” na marubucin labaran yara.
Nikolai Nosov. Marubuta Vladimir kuma sun yi magana game da cucumbers.
Klimenko (tarihin “Pepinos locos”) da Vsevolod Ivanov (tarihi “Nezhinsky”).
cucumbers «).
Wannan kore kayan lambu ba a yi watsi da manyan masu zane ba.
Kondrat Maksimov da Mikhail “Cucumbers” har yanzu rayuwa ta zama sananne
Makhalova (1), da kuma zanen Har yanzu Rayuwa tare da kayan lambu na Ivan Khrutsky.
Har ila yau, masu zane-zane sun fara nuna cucumbers a kan zanen su.
Tsakanin Zamani. Saboda haka, Mutanen Espanya Luis Mendeles fentin har yanzu rai «Pepinos,
tumatir da jita-jita «. Kuma Giuseppe Arcimboldo dan Italiya ya yi amfani da shi
kokwamba ga image na hali ta hanci a cikin zanen «Summer» (2).
Kuma Carlo Crivelli ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar rubuta cucumbers a cikin Kiristanci
makircin zane-zanensa. Ya zuwa yanzu, masana kimiyya ba su yarda ba
a kan alamar cucumbers a cikin jerin zane-zane na Crivelli “Madonna da Child” (3)
da kuma “Annunciation.” Tunda ana yawan samun cucumber kusa da su
tare da apple, wani lokaci ana fassara shi ta hanyar kwatanci azaman alamar jaraba
da zunubi na asali. Ko da yake wasu masu bincike sun yi imani da haka
Kokwamba, a gefe guda, yana nuna alamar tashin kiyama da kuzari.
A bayyane yake, mutanen zamani kuma sun yi imani da kuzarin da kokwamba ke bayarwa
mazauna tsibirin Fiji. Ba wai kawai suna sha cucumbers ba, har ma suna dafa abinci
ajiyarsa a yayin da aka kasa amfanin gona ko bala’in yanayi. Gabaɗaya,
ana nannade kayan lambu da ganyen ayaba a binne a kasa. me yafi haka
Har ila yau, girman hannun jari na cucumbers zai iya taimakawa mutum ya yi aure, saboda
Iyayen ‘yan mata yawanci sun fi son auren ‘ya’yansu mata zuwa «kwakwamba
tycoons”.
Af, a cikin Fiji, da kuma a Asiya, ba kawai cucumbers sun shahara a ciki ba
a yadda muka saba ganinsu, amma kuma abin da ake kira teku
cucumbers.A gaskiya ma, muna magana ne game da holothurians – invertebrates.
irin echinoderms. Nau’in da ake cinyewa gabaɗaya ana kiran su gabaɗaya
“Tsarin”.
Waɗannan abincin tekun na gabas ana ɗaukarsu lafiyayyen abinci sosai,
don haka galibi ana kama su ba bisa ka’ida ba ana sayar da su a kasuwannin bayan fage...
A can, farashin 1 kg na cucumbers na teku zai iya zuwa $ 500.
Gaskiya ne cewa bayananku na halal ne kuma namu
kore kayan lambu. A Burtaniya, mutane biyu da suka yi ritaya suna cin gashin kansu
daga aboki, sun girma 1,2 m ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu tsayi a cikin gadajensu.. Duk da haka
mafi tsawo kokwamba ana dauke da kayan lambu cikakke a daya daga cikin greenhouses
Hungary. An haɗa rikodin 1,83m a cikin Guinness Book of Records.
Hotunan manyan cucumbers da sauran kayayyakin da kuke iya gani a ciki
labarin mu na hoto Record Products.
A sassa daban-daban na duniya, mutane sun dawwama da cucumber ta hanyar kafa shi
abubuwan tunawa. Alal misali, akwai irin wannan abin tunawa a Poznan, Poland. Hakanan
a cikin Ukrainian Nizhyn akwai abin tunawa ga kokwamba maras mace, kuma a cikin Belarushiyanci.
Shklove – kokwamba tagulla «Napoleon». Ana girmama wannan kayan lambu a Austria
– a Salzburg akwai cikakken shigarwa «Cucumbers». Da gaske
sun hada da kuma., Domin ban da abin tunawa, a cikin yankin Moscow Lukhovitsy
akwai dukan gidan kayan gargajiya sadaukar domin kokwamba.
Amma a Landan, an karrama kokwamba a babban ma’auni. Babu abin tunawa a nan
amma a cikin 2004 akwai wani babban gini mai hawa 30 St Mary Ax (St.
Aix 30), cewa Birtaniya da kansu sun kasance saboda kamanni na waje da kore
Ana kiran hasken baya “Gherkin” (kokwamba na Turanci). Abin sha’awa
a gaskiya a cikin ƙirƙirar wannan aikin gine-gine na masu halitta
Ilham ta hanyar rami.
Historia
Kokwamba ana daukar daya daga cikin tsoffin wakilan amfanin gona na kayan lambu,
wanda ya bayyana shekaru dubu hudu da suka gabata. Ko da yake akwai m hasashe
cewa kokwamba ya fi shekaru dubu 6 da haihuwa. Babu wani bayani maras tabbas.
da kuma game da mahaifar wannan kayan lambu, amma, mafi m, shi ne na wurare masu zafi
da yankuna masu zafi na tsohuwar Indiya da China. Kuna iya shakka
Bari mu ce asali cucumber ya girma daji. Kawai a
karni na biyu kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, mutanen Indiyawa sun yi gida da shi kuma a hankali
gabatar a cikin abincinku..
Saboda karuwar yawan noma da kafa kasuwanci
Haɗin kai, daga Indiya da China, kokwamba ya tafi ya cinye duniya. Daidai
don haka ya zo Masar, tsohuwar Girka kuma da yawa daga baya ga Romawa
Daular Akwai dalilai na gaskata cewa ya fito ne daga sunan Girkanci
wannan koren kayan lambu «ἄγουρος» (yana komawa zuwa «ἄωρος» – rashin girma) da
kalmar “kokwamba” ta faru. Af, sunan Ingilishi shine “kokwamba.”
ya fito daga kalmar Faransanci “concombre”, wanda, bi da bi,
An ɗauko shi daga Latin (“cucumis”)...
Kasancewar cucumber wani muhimmin bangare ne na abincin mutane a zamanin da.
Hotunansa a cikin frescoes na Girkanci da Masarawa
temples. Bugu da ƙari, fa’idodin kiwon lafiya na wannan kayan lambu mai crunch sun kasance
Aristotle da Hippocrates sun bayyana. A zamanin d Roma, an yi amfani da cucumbers
a matsayin abinci ga duka fitattun azuzuwan da na ƙasa. Da kuma sarki Tiberius
an umarce shi a yi masa hidimar kokwamba kowace rana na shekara. Daga baya
An fara shuka cucumbers a cikin kwalaye akan ƙafafu domin
ya motsa su bayan hasken rana. An yi imani da cewa lokacin
A lokaci guda, farkon girke-girke na salting ya bayyana.
Tun lokacin daular Romawa, kokwamba ya bazu ko’ina cikin Turai.
(a Faransa – daga karni na XNUMX, a Ingila – daga karni na XNUMX). A cikin karni na XNUMX, godiya ga
Columbus, kokwamba ya isa gabar Sabuwar Duniya, inda kuma cikin sauri
ya samu karbuwa da jama’ar gari. Duk da haka, a farkon sha bakwai
kan. a Amurka akwai bayanai game da abin da za a ci
Danyen kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna da haɗari ga lafiya, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa kokwamba ga wasu
lokaci ya ɓace ƙasa kuma ya sami lakabin ba’a “kokwamba”
(Kokwamba na Turanci don ciyar da shanu). Sai bayan shekaru dari
koren kayan lambu sun dawo kan teburin Amurka..
Ba a san tabbas lokacin da kuma yadda kokwamba ya isa Rasha ba. Akwai
ka’idar cewa wannan kayan lambu ya zo mana daga Turai bayan baftisma
Rasha Ko da yake wasu malaman sun yi imanin cewa ’yan kasuwanmu sun saya
cucumbers a Gabashin Asiya tun daga karni na XNUMX. Duk da haka, daya daga cikin na farko
Rubutun ambaton wannan kayan lambu ya koma rabin farko.
Karni na XNUMX (bayanin kula na matafiyi na Jamus Elschläger). A cikin guda
A lokacin, Pedro I ya ba da doka game da noman wannan amfanin gona a gonar sarauta.
A sa’an nan ne na farko greenhouses fara bayyana.
Yadda ake zaba
A lokacin rani, yana da kyau a saya cucumbers da safe, kafin su sami lokaci.
sun rasa sabo, suna kwance a rana. Idan cucumbers sun riga sun kasance kadan
wilted, zaka iya “farfadowa” su ta hanyar barin su a cikin ruwan sanyi don 2-3 hours.
Af, jiƙa a cikin ruwan sanyi (kimanin mintuna 30) yana taimakawa
kawar da nitrate. Don ingantaccen sakamako, sanya cucumbers a ciki
m jita-jita da kuma barin a cikin wani wuri mai haske (hasken rana inganta
hanzarta kawar da abubuwa masu cutarwa).
Ya kamata cucumbers da aka saya su kasance masu ƙarfi, ba tare da lalacewa ba.
da rawaya spots. Lokacin sayen cucumbers daga kakar, kana buƙatar kula.
don haske mara kyau. Kayan lambu da ake shigo da su galibi suna wucewa
an lulluɓe shi da ɗan ƙaramin paraffin don mafi kyawun adanawa. A cikin haka
A wannan yanayin, kafin cin kayan lambu, dole ne ku yanke fata.
Kuma idan babu tsaba a ciki, to wannan kokwamba ya fi kyau.
jefar da shi, saboda kasancewar babban adadin abubuwa masu haɗari.
Gabaɗaya, zaɓin cucumbers ya dogara da burin ku. Don salatin za ku iya
suna amfani da kusan dukkanin cucumbers, amma an dauke su mafi dacewa
‘ya’yan itatuwa masu laushi masu girma musamman tare da fata mai kauri, kusan
cm 13. Suna da ƙamshi mai yawa. Kuna iya ɗaukar cucumbers tare da farin
ƙaya.
Mafi kyawun cucumbers ana samun su daga ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu tsayi tsakanin 9 zuwa 12 cm.
tare da spikes duhu (ana cire su cikin sauƙi lokacin wankewa, ba da izinin brine
jika kokwamba sosai). Don pickling, ana bada shawarar ɗaukar cucumbers.
har zuwa 9 cm cikin girman (gajerun ‘ya’yan itace pickles) duhu kore
tare da tukwici masu haske ko ratsi mai haske a gefe. Hakanan ya dace
‘ya’yan itatuwa da duhu ƙaya.
Yadda ake adanawa
Amma ga ajiyar sabobin cucumbers, yawanci suna iya yin ƙarya
a cikin firiji don kimanin kwanaki 3-5. Yana da mahimmanci don samar musu da wadatar iska.
kuma kada ku ajiye su da ‘ya’yan itatuwa da kayan marmari da suka cika. Don karuwa
rayuwar rayuwar har zuwa kwanaki 10, ana sanya su a cikin jakar filastik, a saman
an rufe shi da gauze mai danshi kuma a aika zuwa firiji. Kamar sati biyu
firiji na iya adana cucumbers nannade cikin tawul ɗin takarda
kuma an shirya cikin jakar da ba a buɗe ba.… Don adana kayan lambu
sabo ne don makonni 3-4, jiƙa tare da wutsiyoyi a cikin sanyi
ruwa don 1-2 cm kuma saka a cikin firiji. Ana buƙatar ruwa a cikin tanki
canza kowace rana.
Rabawa
Duk da cewa ga al’ada ripening, cucumbers bukatar
saitin wasu yanayi, godiya ga kokarin masu shayarwa, yanzu
ana girma a yankuna daban-daban na yanayi kuma a cikin daban-daban
abun da ke ciki na ƙasa. Babban abu shine zaɓar nau’in iri-iri.
Dangane da lokacin girma, an raba cucumbers zuwa farkon ripening.
maturation har zuwa kwanaki 45 (copid, artist, Héctor, Masha), tsakiyar kakar,
maturation har zuwa kwanaki 50 (mai takara, ba mace ba, tebur, surukai),
kuma a ƙarshen ripening, ripening fiye da kwanaki 50 (Phoenix, Aquarius, Alice).
Akwai kuma rarraba nau’in kokwamba da manufa: don
sabo da amfani, don gishiri ko kiyayewa da duniya baki ɗaya,
Ya dace da dalilai biyu.
Abin sha’awa, elongated kore kayan lambu da muka sani yana da
da yawa m dangi da suka dauki kansu jinsinsa.
Alal misali, kokwamba na Kiwano na Afirka yana da launin rawaya tare da ƙayayuwa.
da kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara koren ɗanɗano, ɗan kama da kokwamba na gargajiya.
Kwanin dragon yana da laushi da launin haske na harsashi, mai zagaye
siffar zaki da dandano. Kuma jajayen cucumbers na Hmong idan sun girma
sai su koma ja suna ɗan ɗanɗano kamar kankana.
Kokwamba mai suna Gak ko Spring Bitter yana da launin orange-ja
fata da taushi jan ɓangaren litattafan almara. Ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa
antioxidants, wanda ke sa shi da amfani sosai, duk da haka, yana da kyau
yana ɗaukar sufuri, don haka ana iya samunsa a wurare kawai
Girma.… Akwai kuma ado daji cucumbers cewa
ana kuma kiran mutane bushiya. An nade su da shinge da shinge.
kuma ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari an rufe su da allura. A peculiarity na wadannan cucumbers ne
gaskiyar cewa a lokacin ripening harsashi ‘ya’yan itace ya shimfiɗa sosai
kuma ya fashe. A wannan yanayin, ƙananan ramuka biyu a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba suna tashi
tsaba da wasu gamsai.
Peculiarities na girma
Kokwamba tsiro ne mai kama da liana tare da kara mai rarrafe wanda
Yana iya kaiwa mita biyu ko fiye da tsayi. Daga babban tushe
raba gefen harbe da antennae, tare da taimakon abin da shuka zai iya
gyarawa akan tallafi, ɗaukar matsayi na tsaye. Godiya ga
Don wannan, ana iya girma cucumbers akan trellises (wannan hanyar ana amfani da ita gabaɗaya
a cikin greenhouses da baranda), kodayake idan lambun / lambun sararin samaniya ya ba shi damar,
sa’an nan kuma a bar kara ya motsa a fadin kasa. Tsawon da mataki na reshe ya dogara
na iri-iri..
A lokacin furanni, maza (tare da stamens) suna tasowa akan shuka.
da furannin mata (tare da pistils) na launin rawaya. Furen mata sun bambanta
kasancewar akwai kwai a karkashinsu kuma suna samuwa a daidaiku ko tare
2-3 guda a gefen harbe, yayin da namiji furanni (furanni bakararre)
Suna samar da inflorescences na guda 5-7, galibi akan babban tushe.
Hadi yana faruwa musamman a lokacin buɗe furanni.
(1-2 days). Kudan zuma da sauran kwari ke ɗaukar pollen.
Suna jawo hankalin launin rawaya mai haske da kasancewar nectar.
A cikin yanayin sanyi ko yanayin greenhouse
tsarin pollination ya zama mafi rikitarwa: an yi shi da hannu, don haka masu shayarwa
Ya fara haifar da hybrids. Ana samun su godiya ga wucin gadi
pollination na furanni iri-iri. A cikin sunansa, ana buƙatar matasan
yana da halaye na musamman – F (filli – yara Italiyanci) da lamba wanda
yana nuna lambar tsara. Har ila yau, cucumbers sun bayyana a zamaninmu.
Babu buƙatar pollination kwata-kwata – parthenocarpic, kazalika da pollinated kai
– furanninta suna da stamen da pistil a lokaci guda..
Cucumbers ana girbe gabaɗaya lokacin da ‘ya’yan itatuwa har yanzu suna cikin ilimin halitta
ba cikakke ba, shi ya sa ake kiran su zelents. Balagagge da samun
ana ba da tint mai launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa kawai ga cucumbers wanda aka ɗauke su
kayan iri don shuka ko kiwo.
Shuka cucumbers za a iya yi duka a matsayin seedlings da tsaba.
Seedlings gabaɗaya suna ba da girbi a baya, amma kuma suna buƙatar ƙari
hankali. Bayan dasa shuki a cikin gadaje, ƙananan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar a nannade su.
a yanayin saukan yanayin zafi. Gabaɗaya, cucumber shine thermophilic.
wani danshi-da haske-ƙaunar shuka wanda ba ya jure da zayyana
(bayanin kula ga masu shuka kayan lambu a gida akan sills taga). Shuka
Ana ba da shawarar cucumbers a nesa na akalla 20 cm daga juna.
a zurfin 2-2,5 cm a cikin shekaru na biyu ko na uku na Mayu (a zazzabi
daga 18 zuwa 25 ° C).
Daga cikin manyan kwari na kokwamba, gizo-gizo ja ya fito fili.
wanda ke ratsa gindin ganyen kuma yana ciyar da ruwan su, wanda
yana kaiwa ga bayyanar fararen dige-dige a cikin ganyayyaki, sannan, braiding
cobwebs, sun bushe. Bugu da ƙari, cucumbers suna jin tsoron aphids melon, wanda
yana rayuwa a duk sassan shuka kuma yana tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace. Bayan haka
ganyen ya fara yin rawaya ya mutu. Ita ma kokwamba tana da hatsari.
wanda tsutsa mai kai baƙar fata ta ratsa cikin gindin
da tushen tsiro mai rauni, bayan haka ya mutu.
Ana yawan amfani da sinadarai don magance kwari. Duk da haka, don
don hana kwari masu cutarwa shiga shuka,
kana buƙatar yin ciyawa na yau da kullum, cire ciyawa.
