Tumatir Moscow Lights na da farkon iri da faranta wa girbi na farko watanni 3 bayan farkon seedlings. Tumatir dandana mai girma da kuma godiya ga sauki na noma, sun dace ko da farkon masu shuka.
Tuni akteristika iri na Moscow Moscow fitilu
halayyar mutum
Fitilar Moscow – babban inganci a cikin farkon ripening iri-iri na nightshades, waɗanda ba su da fa’ida a cikin kulawa. Dangane da halayyar, ana bambanta iri-iri ta halayensa na duniya:
- Ƙarfafawa daji baya buƙatar sarari da yawa – don murabba’in 1. m dasa har zuwa 6 bushes.
- Bukatar tsunkule.
- Cikakken ingancin kulawa. iri-iri yana da sauƙin jigilar kaya zuwa wurin siyarwa ko amfani.
- Babban dandano da versatility.
Bayanin iri-iri
Hasken Moscow wani nau’i ne mai mahimmanci wanda aka bambanta ta gajeriyar layukan ripening da ƙaramin daji. Shuka yana da thermophilic, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar ga fasahar noma a cikin filin buɗe ido na kudancin latitudes. Dangane da bayanin, lokacin girma shine kwanaki 90-100 bayan bayyanar farkon seedlings. A cikin latitudes na arewa, zaku iya shuka kyakkyawan amfanin gona a cikin greenhouses.
Bayanin daji
Bayanin hukuma ya nuna cewa daji ya kai tsayin kusan 1 m, yana da siffar da ba ta dace ba. Ganyensa manya ne, koren duhu, mai tushe mara reshe. Shuka yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan kuma yana girma fiye da faɗi. Ya danganta da gaskiyar cewa an kafa ƴan uwa kaɗan akan daji.
Wasu manoman kayan lambu sun yi imanin cewa wannan nau’in ba ya buƙatar zama ɗan uwa. Wannan ba gaskiya bane gaba ɗaya: furanni na farko a saman babban tushe suna hana ci gaban daji duka, don haka har yanzu kuna buƙatar tsunkule. Don hanzarta bayyanar sabbin inflorescences, ya kamata a cire ƴan uwa waɗanda suka bayyana ƙasa da manyan inflorescences. Ana yin wannan sau ɗaya a mako, cire iyakar 1-2 harbe a lokaci guda, don kada shuka ta fuskanci damuwa. Ƙananan sprout ya rage – maye gurbin tsohon saman lokacin da ‘ya’yan itatuwa suka yi girma a kansu.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace
Tumatir fitilun Moscow suna da zagaye, ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu naman jiki wanda, lokacin da ya cika, ya zama ja mai duhu. Nauyin kowannensu ya kai 110 g, ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba kawai kyau ba ne, amma har ma da dadi sosai, masu ɗaci, waɗanda suke da kyau don amfani da sabo.
Iri-iri yana girma da wuri don haka zai iya ba wa jikin ɗan adam bitamin da ma’adanai masu amfani a ƙarshen bazara da farkon lokacin rani. Babban taro na daskararru yana sa ‘ya’yan itacen ya dace don pickles da pickles.
Girma seedlings
Kulawa mai kyau zai ba da girbi mai kyau
Tsire-tsire masu lafiya yanayi ne mai mahimmanci kuma ba makawa don girbi mai kyau, amma girma su ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Idan aka yi kurakurai a lokacin dasawa da noman su, za su tabbatar da kansu, sakamakon haka, yawan amfanin gonar tumatir ba zai ragu ba. Dole ne a auna komai a hankali, tun daga zabar kwanakin shuka zuwa kulawar tsiro mai kyau.
Shirya ƙasa kuma shuka tsaba
Ana shuka tsaba na tumatir watanni 2 kafin shuka sprouts a wuri na dindindin.
A cikin yanayin kudancin latitudes, ana yin wannan a ƙarshen Fabrairu, farkon shekaru goma na Maris, a cikin yankunan arewa – a farkon rabin Afrilu. Tsire-tsire masu girma ba su da tushe da kyau, an hana ci gaban daji, wanda ke rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Don sanin ainihin lokacin shuka iri, kuna buƙatar sanin daidai lokacin da sanyin bazara na ƙarshe a yankin ya ƙare.An ƙidaya kwanaki 60 daga wannan lokacin – wannan shine mafi kyawun ranar shuka. Idan an dasa tsire-tsire a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin ƙasa, ana aiwatar da shuka kwanaki 14-21 kafin.
Shirye-shiryen shuka ya haɗa da:
- disinfection na iri tumatir,
- kasa shiri da disinfection.
Tumatir daga sanannun masana’antun, cushe a cikin jaka, an riga an sayar da su cikin tsabta kuma ba sa buƙatar shiri na musamman don shuka. Kashe tsaba da aka saya da kansu ko aka saya daga kasuwa. Ana sanya su cikin mafita:
- kashi daya na bayani na potassium permanganate (1 g na abu da 100 ml na ruwa), an sanya tsaba da aka nannade a cikin gauze a cikin wani bayani na minti 20, sannan a wanke a karkashin ruwa mai gudu.
- 0.5% soda bayani (0.5 g da 100 ml na ruwa), an jiƙa tsaba a cikin wani bayani don rana ɗaya, irin wannan bayani yana inganta samar da ‘ya’yan itace da wuri,
- 100% ruwan ‘ya’yan itace aloe (100 ml na ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, 100 ml na ruwa), ana sayar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace a cikin hanyar sadarwar kantin magani ko kuma an shirya shi da kansa, maganin yana ƙaruwa da rigakafi na shuke-shuke kuma yana rinjayar ingancin ‘ya’yan itace.
Ana sanya tsaba da aka yayyafa da ƙasa a cikin ramuka bayan 1-2 cm. Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashi a saman – tasirin greenhouse zai tabbatar da yawan zafin jiki da zafi mai zafi. Wajibi ne a kula da zafi akai-akai: bayyanar mold a saman ƙasa yana nuna yawan zafi. Farkon tsiro a yanayin zafin iska na 25-27 ° C yana bayyana bayan ƴan kwanaki. Ƙarƙashin zafin jiki, mafi tsayin tsaba na tumatir yana girma, wani lokacin yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni 2.
Kula da sprouts
Tsire-tsire masu lafiya ne kawai ke samar da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi
Mafi kyawun yanayin shuka don tsiro shine isasshen haske, babban zafi da zafi.
Ana sanya akwatunan seedling a cikin tagogin da ke fuskantar gefen kudu. Idan babu isasshen haske na halitta, ana kunna fitilar wucin gadi. Wasu masu noman kayan lambu (Tugarova T. Yu.) Sun yi imani cewa hasken shukar na dindindin a cikin kwanaki uku na farko bayan fitowar seedling yana ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen ci gaban harbi.
Ana fesa tsire-tsire tare da ruwan dumi sau da yawa a rana, ana shayar da hankali: tare da wannan Makasudin shine yin amfani da sirinji ba tare da allura ba. Wajibi ne a cire fim din ko gilashi daga akwatin a hankali, hana ƙasa daga bushewa:
- Yanayin iska a cikin dakin ya kamata ya zama 18 ° C zuwa 25 ° C, da dare dan kadan ƙasa – 12 ° C zuwa 15 ° C.
- A cikin yanayin zafi, tsire-tsire suna fushi: suna buɗe windows ko sills tare da kwalaye na tsire-tsire a cikinsu.
- Bayan makonni 2-3, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire a karon farko, sannan ana ciyar da su kowace rana 7. Takin gargajiya ya fi dacewa.
A nutse a dasa shuki
Bayan ganyen gaskiya na farko ya bayyana akan tsiron, idan an shuka shi sosai, ana tsoma shi kuma a dasa shi cikin gilashin daban. Tumatir suna jure wa dasawa da kyau, amma har yanzu harbe suna da rauni sosai, don haka yana da mahimmanci kada a lalata su. Lalacewa ga tushen lokacin nutsewa yana hana ci gaban shuka tsawon mako guda. An nannade tsire-tsire tare da spatula, an ɗauka tare da ƙasa. Mafi dacewa don dashi shine gilashin lita 0.5.
Bayan kwanaki 45-55, ana iya ganin buds na farko a kan seedlings. Wannan yana nuna cewa bayan makonni 1-2 ya kamata a dasa shi a wuri na dindindin.
Masu lambu ba su ba da shawarar jinkirta wannan tsari ba, saboda tsire-tsire masu girma suna raguwa a cikin girma. Siffar kayan shuka mai kyau – mai tushe mai ƙarfi da ke samar da reshen daji, manyan ganyen kore mai duhu, tushe mai tsayi. Shuka tsire-tsire yana da mahimmanci a nesa na 20-30 cm daga juna, tun da Moscow Lights ƙananan daji ne kuma baya buƙatar babban yanki. Gajimare, dumi, da kwanciyar hankali shine mafi dacewa don dasa tumatir. Bayan shuka, ana shayar da tsire-tsire da ruwan dumi.
Cututtuka da rigakafin
Iri-iri yana jure wa cututtuka, amma ana ba da shawarar ɗaukar matakan rigakafi: kawar da ciyawa tsakanin tsire-tsire a cikin lokaci mai dacewa, cire ƙananan ganye don tabbatar da Samun iska mai kyau Ana aiwatar da shrubs tare da Quadris da Ridomil Gold a cikin kwanakin farko dasa su a ciki. bude ƙasa za ta dogara da su kare su daga latti. Ana maimaita sarrafawa kowane mako 2.
ƙarshe
Tumatir Fitilar Moscow suna da fa’ida fiye da rashin amfani. Itacen yana faranta wa masu farawa rai tare da kulawa mai sauƙi, haɓaka juriya na cututtuka, da kyakkyawan dandano na ‘ya’yan itace. Wannan iri-iri yana ba ku damar samun girbi na farko na tumatir masu daɗi da kuma samar da su ga dukan iyali.
