Tumatir sanannen kayan lambu ne a cikin dangin Solanaceae wanda ake girma a ƙasashe da yawa na duniya. Dangane da iri-iri, tumatir zai buƙaci yanayi daban-daban don girma. Akwai hybrids musamman bred ga sauyin yanayi na Turai ta Tsakiya bel: su iya daidaita da canza yanayin damina. Waɗannan sun haɗa da tumatir Tolstoi F1, wanda masu shayarwa na Holland suka haɓaka daga Bejo Zaden. Ya shahara da masu lambu saboda sauƙi da sauƙi na noma. Wannan yana tabbatar da sake dubawa na gona da bayanin tumatir Tolstoy.
Halayen tumatir Tolstoy
Bayanin iri-iri
Dukansu a cikin greenhouses da orchards, lambu suna girma girma Tolstoy tsayi F1 ‘ya’yan tumatir – menene halayen su?
- tsawon lokacin balaga yana kusan watanni hudu.
- tushe mai ƙarfi da tushe mai ƙarfi, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, gajeriyar internodes,
- dogon rassan, kuna buƙatar garter,
- 6-7 dakuna tare da iri daya;
- tsayin mita uku,
- 12-15 goge a kan wani daji,
- nauyin ‘ya’yan itace har zuwa 130 g.
Yawan amfanin ƙasa: matsakaicin kilogiram 15 a kowace daji, kusan ton 100 a kowace kadada. Matsakaicin girman ‘ya’yan itace shine g 500, kuma mafi yawan samfurori suna girma akan ƙananan rassan shuka. Fatar fata mai kauri, mai sheki da gangare. Jajayen ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu zagaye da baƙaƙe (marasa girma – kore) masu launi iri ɗaya a ciki da waje. Rashin koren tabo a kan tsagi. Juicy ɓangaren litattafan almara tare da dandano mai daɗi da bayanin kula na ‘ya’yan itace, mai wadata ban da abubuwa masu amfani da yawa: bitamin C da rukunin B, acid Organic, magnesium, potassium, da sauransu.
Lokacin girma da ci gaban tumatir na wannan iri-iri yana ɗaukar kadan fiye da watanni 2. Duk kwafi suna girma akan ranar ƙarshe. Tumatir Tolstoy F1 ana amfani da salads, don adanawa, salting, juices, taliya da biredi an shirya daga gare ta. Adadin dashen da aka ba da shawarar shine tsire-tsire 30,000 a kowace kadada.
Amfanin
Wannan nau’in ya dace da kusan kowane yanayi na muhalli, ana iya girma har ma a cikin inuwa: yana jure wa zafi Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine, duk da haka, greenhouses, Yana da kariya daga cututtukan fungal irin su mosaic taba da ɓarke ’ya’yan itace, da kwari daban-daban na lambu. .
A shuka ne resistant zuwa daban-daban cututtuka
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari waɗanda ba su balaga ba na iya zama na kusan watanni shida ba tare da canza ɗanɗanonsu ba. Saboda tsananin fata, tumatur ba ya fashe a lokacin girma da sufuri.
Bangaran marasa kyau
Daga cikin rashin amfani iri-iri, wanda zai iya bambanta rashin ci gaba mara kyau a kan kasa ‘malauci’, a cikin bude ƙasa. raunin rigakafi ga marigayi blight naman gwari. Wannan cuta na iya cutar da tumatir koda a cikin greenhouse.
Dokokin noma
Noma ba hanya ce mai sauƙi ba. Matakan iri-iri na buƙatar wasu yanayi don haɓakarsa Tolstoy tumatir ba togiya, dangane da halaye. Shekarun da ake bukata seedlings ya kamata a kalla watanni 2. Don duba samuwan tsaba da aka saya a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki na musamman don noma, kuna buƙatar yin haka: nutsar da tsaba a cikin gilashin ruwan gishiri. Idan sun je kasa, za ku iya fara shuka.
Ƙasar da za a dasa tsire-tsire dole ne a fara haifuwa da abubuwan halitta kuma a shafe ta da maganin manganese. Yankin ya dace da ƙasa mai yashi mai yashi. Kayan lambu suna da kyau a matsayin farkon tumatir, amma ba barkono, zucchini ko dankali ba. A cikin kaka, ana gabatar da cakuda peat gansakuka tare da gurɓataccen taki a cikin ƙasa.
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa maras kyau a cikin ƙananan kofuna na peat, 50% cike da ƙasa. Wani rami mai zurfin santimita 1 ya fashe a tsakiyar duniya, ana shuka tsaba 3 Tolstoy f1 tumatir a wurin kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa, sannan a jika da feshi. Ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin ɗaki mai duhu tare da zafin jiki (kimanin digiri 25) da haske mai kyau. Lokacin da ganye na farko ya bayyana, an raba tsire-tsire zuwa tukwane daban-daban tare da ash itace, ƙasa kuma sun koma rana. An cire fim ɗin. Wasu masana, kamar yadda ake iya gani daga sake dubawa, cire kashi uku na tushen tushen lokacin dasawa, ta haka ne ke ƙarfafa ƙarfin ripening na gefen harbe. Wannan yana da tasiri mai kyau akan dawowar gaba.
Bayan wata daya, ƙasa tana takin tare da kwayoyin halitta na ruwa. Kowane kwanaki hudu, ya kamata a fitar da tsire-tsire zuwa sararin samaniya ko kuma kawai buɗe windows na ɗakin don harbe harbe su dace da iska mai kyau. Me za a yi a gaba don samun mafi kyawun iri iri?
Seedling kula
A farkon watan Mayu alama ce ta dasa shuki na tumatir tumatir a bude ƙasa. Idan yanayi ya yi sanyi, ‘ya’yan tumatir suna buƙatar matsuguni tare da polyethylene ko takardar gilashi a wannan lokacin, menene ainihin ƙa’idodin da ya kamata a bi yayin da ake sarrafa tsiron don yin girma sosai?
- Nisa na akalla 0.5 m daga wannan daji zuwa wani – Leo Tolstoy tumatir yana son sarari.
- Iri-iri na buƙatar suturar kowane wata. Berry taki ya dace.
- Shayar da ‘ya’yan tumatir ya kamata ya zama tushen, ba tare da tasiri na waje ba, wannan zai taimaka kare shuka daga cututtuka da fungi. Yi amfani da ruwa mai dumi, kwanciyar hankali.
- Ajiye zafin dakin a 21 ° C, da dare kuma a 15.
- Samar da isasshen haske don kada mai tushe ya mike da sauri. Idan ba zai yiwu ba a sami hasken halitta wanda ke ɗaukar akalla rabin yini a jere kowace rana, yi amfani da fitila ta musamman.
- Daure mai tushe tare da gungumomi.
- Guji busa shukar da iska, yi amfani da mariƙin goga.
- Kada ka manta da su akai-akai sako da sassauta ƙasa a kusa da daji bayan watering da kuma dace kau da weeds, pinching.
A lokacin girma mai girma, yana da mahimmanci musamman don kiyaye duk yanayin da ake bukata don kula da nau’in tumatir Tolstoy. f1. Kuna iya ɗaukar ‘ya’yan itace a duk lokacin kakar, kuma kulawa mai kyau a cikin yanayi mai dadi zai kawo amfanin gona 3-4 a cikin shekara 1.
Kamar yadda kake gani daga halaye da bayanin tumatir Tolstoy, sune mafi kyawun zaɓi don girma kusan ko’ina a cikin ƙasar Sauƙi tare da babban yawan aiki ya sa nau’in tumatir Leo Tolstoy ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin masu lambu a gida, kamar yadda kuke gani a cikin su. sharhi a kan agronomic forums.
