Itacen zuma na linden yana da matukar amfani ga mai kiwon zuma. Tsayin da aka saba na wannan bishiyar shine mita 20 zuwa 35. Ita ce tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara na asalin bishiyar diciduous na dangin Linden. Kambi mai kauri ne mai kauri cikin siffar ƙwallon dala. Inflorescences rawaya mai haske tare da ƙanshin haske mai daɗi.
Lokacin furanni a cikin yanayin bushewa shine mako ɗaya kawai kuma, a lokuta masu kyau, kwanaki 28. Yana fure sosai a tsakiyar lokacin rani, daga farkon Yuli zuwa ƙarshen shekaru goma na biyu.
Abun cikin labarin
- 1 Mahimmanci a harkar noma
- 2 Yawan aikin zuma
- 3 Agrotechnical
- 4 Kayan magani
- 5 Yadda ake bambance karya
Mahimmanci a harkar noma
A cikin nisa na baya, bishiyoyin linden suna girmama su azaman bishiyoyi masu tsarki, kasancewar alamun ka’idar mata. Suna zaune kusa da haikali da gidaje. Mutane sun shirya bukukuwa kuma sun yi hukunci, suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin kololuwar gonakin linden.
A yau, ana amfani da waɗannan bishiyoyi ne kawai don dalilai masu amfani. Linden yana jure wa gurɓataccen iska daga shaye-shaye da iskar gas na masana’antu. Ganyen suna shan ƙura mai yawa da carbon dioxide, yayin da suke fitar da dubunnan kilogiram na iskar oxygen. A cikin birane, ana shuka itatuwan linden a wuraren shakatawa da korayen da ke kusa da titin.
Rarraba
Itacen ya shahara sosai a harkar noma, don haka yanayin yadda ake rarraba shi yana da faɗi sosai. An girma tare da nasara daidai a cikin yankuna masu zafi da zafi na Transcaucasus da kuma kudancin yankin Gabas mai Nisa. A kudu maso gabashin Asiya, ana iya samun babban nau’in nau’in wannan shuka. Amma a yankuna masu zafi na Asiya da Turai, linden ba ta da wakilci sosai.
Itacen kanta ba shi da ma’ana lokacin dasa shuki: yana da kyau a cikin ƙasa iri-iri, amma yana jin tsoron ambaliya. A cikin hunturu yana iya jure har zuwa digiri 48 na sanyi.
Iri
A Turai, Linden a matsayin shuka zuma yana wakilta da iri uku:
Siffar zuciya – tare da kyakkyawan aikin nectar, amma gaba ɗaya ya dogara da yanayin yanayin. Yana fure daga karshen watan Yuni, a cikin kwanakin farko na Yuli. Yawancin inflorescences suna fure daga safiya zuwa tsakar rana. A wannan lokacin, ana kuma saki nectar zuwa matsakaicin. Har zuwa kilogiram 1 na zuma za a iya tattara daga hekta 500.
Turai – blooms daga farkon watan Yuni daga kwanaki 10 zuwa makonni biyu (yana fure kwanaki goma kafin siffar zuciya). Kasa mai amfani. Ana lura da mafi tsananin ɓarna na nectar da safe.
Kaucasian – yana zubar da inflorescences a ƙarshen Yuni kuma yana fure har zuwa tsakiyar bazara. Gidan zuma na Linden yana da rikodin. Kuna iya ɗaukar kilogiram 750 na zuma mai kasuwa a kowace kadada. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar da aka tattara ya ƙunshi babban abun ciki na sukari: 60-65 bisa dari.
Yawan aikin zuma
Linden zuma yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun nau’in wannan kayan kiwon zuma. Nan da nan bayan yin famfo, yana da launin rawaya mai haske mai daɗi kuma yana da cikakken haske. Bayan crystallization, yana haskakawa, yana samun kusan fari tint. Dandandin ba ya dogara da matakin crystallization, samfurin koyaushe yana da daɗi da ƙanshi.
Siffar halayyar iri-iri ita ce crystallization ba ya faruwa nan da nan, amma kawai watanni shida bayan famfo.
Yawan amfanin zuma a kowace hectare na gonakin linden na fure ya kai kilogiram 800-1 (a wasu yankuna yawan amfanin gona zai iya kaiwa ton 000). Amma a wasu shekaru, inflorescences suna fitar da nectar sosai, don haka ƙudan zuma a zahiri ba sa ziyartar tsire-tsire.
Apiaries na makiyaya suna samar da amfanin gona mai kyau na zuma. Akwai tsari: itatuwan linden da ke girma a cikin fili suna yin fure da wuri fiye da bishiyoyin da ke cikin ƙasa.
Ana kawo yankunan kudan zuma zuwa gonakin lokacin da inflorescences na farko suka fara fure. Bishiyoyin suna fure musamman bayan sanyi mai sanyi tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa. Itace tana iya saki tsakanin kilogiram 30 zuwa 40 na nectar a kowace kakar.
Agrotechnical
Ana shuka bishiyoyi a kusa da apiaries. Don wannan, ana ɗaukar seedlings daga shekaru shida. Itace matashiya tana girma a hankali da farko. Amma a lokaci guda ya jure dashen da kansa da kyau.
Ana shuka bishiyoyin Linden kamar kowane amfanin gona na lambu, ba tare da fallasa tushen wuyansa ba. Yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali na shekaru biyu zuwa uku masu zuwa. A cikin fari, ya kamata a shayar da bishiyoyi kowane mako biyu kuma yana da kyau a sassauta ƙasa daga tushen kowace shekara.
Kayan magani
zuma Linden ya ƙunshi muhimman amino acid ga jikin ɗan adam:
- arginine (wajibi don tafiyar matakai na rayuwa na sunadarai);
- histidine (yana shiga cikin samuwar haemoglobin);
- lysine (mai amfani ga jiki mai girma);
- methionine (wajibi don tafiyar matakai na rayuwa na fats).
Wannan samfurin warkarwa ya ƙunshi babban adadin enzymes. A abun da ke ciki ya hada da bitamin na kungiyar B, folic acid, kazalika da microelements da muhimmanci ga mutane.
Kaddarorin masu amfani:
- yana taimakawa tare da cututtuka na ciki da hanji;
- yana taimakawa rage damuwa;
- ba makawa ga cututtuka na zuciya, jini da tsarin juyayi;
- ga nau’ikan mura daban-daban, yana taimakawa fitar da phlegm;
- yana da sakamako na antipyretic;
- sannan kuma magani ne mai inganci don kara karfin jiki gaba daya.
Yadda ake bambance karya
Sabon zuma na linden baya canza launi. Kuma kawai bayan crystallization samfurin ya sami launin fari.
Kamshi ko da yaushe yana da ƙamshi, tare da sabon lemun tsami tare da ɗan alamar mint. Abin dandano yana da daɗi ga zuma tare da ɗaci. Haske astringency bayan ɗanɗano. Watanni uku bayan famfo saƙar zuma, samfurin ya fara yin crystallize, ya yi kauri sosai kuma ya rasa gaskiya. Wannan canjin waje ba ya shafar dandano da halayen magani ta kowace hanya!
Ka tuna: idan ka sayi zuma na linden kuma ta kasance tana gudu har lokacin hunturu, kamar da, an sayar da ku na karya!
Game da multiflora
A lokacin girbin zuma mai aiki, ƙudan zuma suna tattara nectar daga duk tsire-tsire masu fure da ke kusa. Saboda haka, yana da kusan ba zai yiwu ba a sami zuma na monofloral (bangaren guda ɗaya) na musamman!
Amma ana iya kawo apiary zuwa wuraren girma na Linden. Sa’an nan kuma zai yiwu a sauke zuma, wanda yake kusa da abun da ke ciki da inganci zuwa bangare guda. Duk da haka, har yanzu ba shi yiwuwa a kira shi 100% karya!
Muhimmi: Duk wata zuma mai ɗabi’a dole ta ƙunshi wasu kaso na “ƙazanta” daga wasu tsire-tsire, ba tare da la’akari da irin sa ba.
