Tumatir suna cinye abubuwan gina jiki da yawa a duk tsawon lokacin girma. Ya faru cewa tumatir ya yi amfani da dukkan abubuwa a lokacin girma kuma ya yi amfani da duk albarkatun ƙasa. Hadi yana da mahimmanci ga tumatir a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, cikawa da furanni: yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman don samun girbi mai kyau. A wannan mataki, tumatir yana buƙatar ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki, kamar yadda ‘ya’yan itatuwa na gaba sun riga sun bayyana.
Ciyar da tumatir a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace
Amfanin taki
macronutrients azhnost ga shuke-shuke a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace kafa da ripening:
- Phosphorus – kashi na hanzari na ci gaban tushen tsarin da shuka gaba ɗaya. Rashin sinadarin yana hana ci gaba da jinkirta girbi,
- Nitrogen wani macroelement ne wanda ke samuwa a ko’ina cikin shuka, musamman ma a cikin kyallen takarda, yawancin nitrogen ba shi da kyau: yana samun launin kore mai duhu, saurin girma na ganye kuma yana fara raguwa a cikin ‘ya’yan itace. Tare da raguwa, daji zai ci gaba a hankali, ko ma ba zai yi girma ba.
- Potassium – tabbatacce yana rinjayar tsarin rigakafi, shuka ya zama mai jure wa kwari da cututtuka. A lokacin lodawa na ‘ya’yan itace, tumatir musamman suna buƙatar potassium, yana inganta metabolism.
Ana kuma buƙatar abubuwan da aka gano don tumatir. Don cikakken girma da haɓaka, ƙasa dole ne ta ƙunshi: baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, jan ƙarfe, boron, zinc, molybdenum, calcium.
Humates sune potassium da sodium salts na humic acid waɗanda ke zama tushen humus. A cikin kowane taki, ana bada shawarar ƙara gishiri na humic acid a bushe ko ruwa. Ɗaya daga cikin teaspoon zai isa ga lita 12-15 na ruwa. Humates suna shafar ci gaban tsarin tushen da kuma duka shuka. Wannan zai ba da shuka tare da ma’adanai masu mahimmanci.
Taki a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace
Organic takin mai magani
Ciyar da abun ciki na halitta yana ba da mafi girman fa’ida ga tumatir kuma baya cutar da ɗan adam. Wasu takin gargajiya masu sauƙi amma masu inganci waɗanda za a iya shirya su a gida.
Tufafin yisti
Bambance-bambancen wannan takin shine, yisti yana dauke da sunadaran da ake samun saukin kamuwa da tumatir, amma ba duk yisti ba ne ya dace da ciyar da tumatir a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, nemi yisti a cikin buhunan da aka matse a kasuwa. Dole ne a mutunta rabo don kada ya lalace. Recipe: jefa 50 grams na yisti a cikin guga na ruwa sannan a bar shi ya huta na tsawon sa’o’i da yawa.
Wajibi ne a ciyar da yisti sau da yawa, a lokacin flowering, lokacin ‘ya’yan itace da kuma bayan dasawa.
Iodine ciyarwa
Kwanaki goma sha huɗu bayan haka, bayan canja wurin tumatir zuwa greenhouse, suna ba da shawarar takin tare da diluted iodine. Recipe: a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, a tsoma tablespoon, shi ke nan. Wajibi ne a kara tsire-tsire zuwa tushen, da zarar ya fadi a kan ganye, zai iya ƙone.
Zubar da kaza
Wannan taki ba za a iya wuce gona da iri ba, yana da guba, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi ba tare da diluted ba. Recipe: a cikin guga na ruwa muna ɗaukar 0.5 kilogiram na ƙwayar kaza, ba da lokaci don shirya. An shawarci ƙwararrun masu shuka kayan lambu su ciyar da irin wannan takin ba fiye da sau biyu a kowace kakar ba. Aikace-aikacen daidai kawai zai ba da sakamakon.
Ash
Kuna iya taki da toka a duk lokacin kakar
Takin tumatir a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace tare da maganin ash yana ba da damar inganta haɓaka, ƙarfafa tushen da mai tushe. Bambance-bambancen takin ash shine cewa ba wai kawai yana samar da abubuwan da tsire-tsire suke buƙata ba, har ma yana kare kariya daga kwari. Kuna iya yin takin a duk lokacin kakar, daga dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse don ɗaukar ‘ya’yan itace. Girke-girke: ƙara 200 grams na ash a cikin guga na ruwan zafi, bar shi ya bushe don 5-6 hours. Kuna iya ƙara gram 10 na boric acid da digo biyu na aidin. Dole ne a tace taki mai shirye kuma a diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1: 3 (dilute 1 lita na taki tare da lita 3 na ruwa).
Kuna iya fesa kayan lambu a lokacin fure ko taki a ƙarƙashin tushen.
Mullein
Takin tumatir a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace tare da maganin mullein zai tabbatar da ci gaban daji mai girma. Hakanan, takin gargajiya na iya ƙara yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa. Recipe: a cikin guga na ruwa ƙara 0.5 kilogiram na mullein da motsawa, bari ya huta na tsawon sa’o’i 4-5. 10-15 lita na mullein zai samar da duk abubuwan da ake bukata 3-4 bushes na tumatir. Taki a cikin matakin fure.
Tufafin sinadaran
Ana amfani da suturar sinadarai galibi idan ana shuka tumatir akan sikelin masana’antu:
- Single da biyu superphosphate – 1 kg da 50 l na ruwa, nace a rana, Mix da kyau daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ana amfani da cakuda da aka gama don shayar da tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin phosphorus. Tare da taimakon wannan shiri, ana ciyar da tumatir mai tsanani a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace.
- Nitrogen takin mai magani: 20 g da lita 5 na ruwa. Ana amfani da su a lokacin girma girma daji.
- ‘Master’ taki: ana amfani da irin wannan nau’in takin a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar sieving akan ƙimar 100-150 g kowace 1 m2.
Matakan ciyarwa
Primary etapa
Lokacin da kuka shuka tumatir a cikin greenhouse, don girma seedlings za su buƙaci takin nitrogen. Kuna iya zaɓar sinadarai ko kuna iya dafa na halitta da kanku. Jiko na koren taki ko nettle cikakke ne.
Kuna iya yin taki ga tumatir da kanku
Recipe don jiko na nettle. Wajibi ne a dauki nettle, wanda bai riga ya kafa iri ba, cika shi da akwati kuma ƙara yisti ko gurasa. Mun bar shi ya huta don kwanaki 3-5, yana da kyau kada a saka shi a rana. Sakamakon jiko yana diluted 1:10 (ana diluted lita 1 na jiko tare da lita 10 na ruwa).
Mataki na biyu
Lokacin da furanni na farko suka bayyana akan tumatir, wajibi ne a yi caji tare da boric acid. Suna fesa kai tsaye a kan furanni, saboda Bor ba zai iya da kansa da sauri ya haye daga tushen tsarin ba.
Girke-girke na maganin tumatir: ƙara tablespoon na acid zuwa guga na ruwa ko 10-12 lita, motsawa. Yi feshi kuma zuba sauran cakuda a ƙarƙashin tushen.
Ciyar da wannan hanya zai taimaka kayan lambu su samar da cikakkun ovaries kuma su hana phytophthora.
Sarrafa taki
Babu shakka ciyar da tumatir Har ila yau wajibi ne a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace – wannan zai ba da amfanin gona mai kyau. A wannan mataki, ana buƙatar ƙarin potassium, 20 grams zai isa. Mazauna rani suna ba da shawara ta yin amfani da potassium sulfate, kuma chloride ba a so, saboda tumatir baya jure wa chlorine. Potassium sulfate, za a iya maye gurbinsu da itace ash.
Idan ka bayyana rashin potassium, fesa maganin potassium sulfate kashi ɗaya cikin dari. Wajibi ne don ƙyale ganye su bushe, bayan ciyar da foliar, har sai an rufe greenhouse.
ƙarshe
Tsarin taki da aka zaɓa yadda ya kamata don yawan yawan ‘ya’yan tumatir zai ba wa lambun damar samun amfanin gona mai karimci. Amma yana da kyau a tuna cewa kawai kayan ado na halitta ne mai aminci ga shuka da mutane. Chemicals suna aiki da karfi sosai amma a lokaci guda suna da mummunar tasiri akan daji da ‘ya’yan itace na gaba.
