Tsarin gida a cikin ƙasa zai ba da kariya daga iska ko ruwan sama zuwa bushes na tumatir, cucumbers, kabeji, da sauran amfanin gona waɗanda suka fi girma a ƙarƙashin tsari. Firam ɗin DIY yana adana lokaci akan kulawa da kuɗi don siyan tsarin da aka shirya don amfani. Ana amfani da greenhouse don tumatir a lokacin noman tsire-tsire da bushes na iri daban-daban.
Muna gina greenhouse don tumatir
Fasalolin Greenhouse
Taimakawa matsuguni saboda sauye-sauyen zafin jiki na kwatsam, musamman a yankunan da ƙasa ke daskarewa a cikin watanni masu zafi na dare.
Idan sigar da aka saya na irin wannan tsarin yana da tsada, to, ƙirar gida shine mafita mai fa’ida ga manyan da ƙananan filaye.
Ana iya gina greenhouse ga tumatir a hanya mai dacewa ga mai lambu: ba dole ba ne ya shigar da tsarin da ba dole ba ko kuma ɗaukar tsarin girman filin ƙasa.
An gina ƙirar greenhouse don tumatir la’akari da wasu halaye:
- tsarin zafin jiki: greenhouse shine tsari mai tsari da dumi wanda yawan zafin jiki ya kasance,
- ƙasa a cikin greenhouse dole ne ya sami lokaci don dumama,
- An yi amfani da ingantattun ƙira waɗanda iska mai ƙarfi, ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara ba za ta shafa ba,
- don yankuna masu sanyi, ana shigar da ƙarin fitilu da dumama a cikin greenhouse.
A mafi yawan lokuta, gidan da aka gina shi ne akwati tare da firam ɗin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi. Akwatin da kayan doki an yi shi ne da tubali ko itace, idan zai yiwu, an yi firam ɗin da aka yi da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan sassa. Matsakaicin tsayin greenhouse shine 1 m (zaku iya sanya greenhouse ya fi tsayi, amma a wannan yanayin kuna buƙatar ƙarin dumama).
Don ƙarin dumama tsarin gida, ana buƙatar biofuel. Don mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali da adana zafi, ƙananan ɓangaren tsarin an yi shi da kankare (babban tushe). A ƙarƙashin tushe, an zaɓi bulo ko wasu kayan gini mai dorewa. Babu kofofi a cikin greenhouse, kawai tubalan cirewa ko ganuwar (don kada a saki zafi mai yawa) .Yi amfani da greenhouse don seedlings (kusa da lokacin rani, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa bude) ko don shuka amfanin gona a cikin hunturu.
Akwai sharuɗɗa 2 waɗanda ke nuna matsuguni na ƙasa mai karewa: greenhouse da greenhouse. Waɗannan su ne zane-zane daban-daban guda biyu. Gidan greenhouse wani tsari ne wanda ake gudanar da aiki a waje, watau. Ba za ku iya shiga cikin greenhouse ba. Wannan akwati ne (binne ko sama da ƙasa), an rufe shi daga sama tare da firam tare da fim ko gilashi. Don aiki a cikin greenhouse, an cire firam ɗin ko buɗewa. A greenhouse daki ne na daban-daban masu girma dabam, daga kananan 2 x 2 m wurare zuwa masana’antu wuraren da yanki na 400 zuwa 500 murabba’in mita. A cikin greenhouse, zaka iya shuka seedlings da ƙananan amfanin gona: radishes, letas, albasa a cikin alkalami, da dai sauransu.
Wane tsari za a zaɓa
Yi-da-kanka greenhouse na shekaru da yawa – kula da mafi kyau duka akai zazzabi. Gidan greenhouse ya kamata ya dace da mai lambu: idan kun sanya shi ƙasa da ƙasa ko kunkuntar, ba za ku iya yin takin ƙasa ba kuma ku cire sassan da suka lalace na shuka. An zaɓi tsari na fim ɗin filastik a ƙarƙashin tumatir. Wannan abu ne mai arha wanda bai wuce shekaru 2-3 ba. Yana da sauƙin saya da ja firam.
Nau’i na biyu na kayan da za a yi garkuwa da tumatir shine gilashi. Irin wannan abu yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar microclimate mai dacewa a cikin tsarin kuma yana watsa hasken halitta, wanda ke da amfani don girma seedlings Ana amfani da polycarbonate don matsuguni na dogon lokaci – abin dogara da polycarbonate mai ƙarfi ya dace da gina manyan sifofi masu yawa.
Gilashin ya fi tsayi, amma kusan ba ya wuce hasken ultraviolet, yayin da fim din polyvinyl chloride ya ba da damar har zuwa 80%. Sugar, bitamin da abubuwa masu ƙanshi a cikin tumatir ana samar da su a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ultraviolet radiation. Wataƙila kun lura cewa ‘ya’yan itacen kudu, inda rana ta fi dadi, mafi ƙamshi da dadi? Kuma ku tuna da dandano ‘ya’yan itatuwa tumatir, wanda aka kawota a masana’antu gilashin greenhouses. Su ne irin wannan, ba saboda iri-iri shine greenhouse ba, amma saboda an girma a ƙarƙashin gilashi.
Tsarin gida iri-iri
Tushen kowane greenhouse shine firam. Girman firam ɗin yana ƙayyade rawar greenhouse: idan ana buƙatar tsari na wucin gadi, ana amfani da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan gine-ginen da ke rufe daji na tumatir.
Don amfani na dogon lokaci, ana gina tsarin tsayi wanda mutum ɗaya zai iya saka idanu akan yanayin bushes. Shahararrun samfuran tsarin gida: gidaje, arched, triangular. Akwai nau’ikan greenhouses da yawa dangane da tsawon rayuwarsu: waɗannan tsarin wucin gadi ne ko na dindindin.
Daidai ne don kiran irin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka don greenhouses: mataki ɗaya, gable, arched, block.
Aka gyara na firam greenhouse ga tumatir
Gine-gine don firam ɗin tumatir shine mafi kyawun zaɓi Tsarin abin dogara yana ba ku damar dasa shuki a cikin hunturu kuma ku shuka su kafin zafi ya zo. Tsarin firam ɗin ya dace da tsofaffin shrubs waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin zafi.
Firam masu cirewa suna ba ku damar daidaita yanayin zafi a ciki
A cikin aiki, tsarin tsarin yana da sauƙi: yana da sauƙi don tsaftacewa da iska. Idan ya cancanta, ana maye gurbin kowane sassa na tsarin. Ba wai kawai ana daidaita yanayin zafi a cikin greenhouse ba, har ma da zafi na iska, wanda ke shafar yawan ci gaban shuka da yaduwar cututtukan fungal masu haɗari ga tumatir.
Abin da kuke bukata
Don kare bushes na tumatir, ana amfani da abubuwa masu sauƙi waɗanda ba sa buƙatar babban kuɗi. Ayyukan shigarwa ba su wuce kwanaki 1-2 ba, wanda ke sauƙaƙe tsarin gidaje masu rauni ko shrubs.
Materials don greenhouse:
- alluna (kayan katako),
- tubali (don gina tushe),
- screws,
- firam ɗin girmansu ɗaya.
Kafin girbi kayan, kuna buƙatar fahimtar girman greenhouse. Tumatir bushes suna buƙatar izini, in ba haka ba girbi mai kyau ba zai yi aiki ba. Kafin shigarwa, ana yin la’akari da mahimman fasalulluka na tsarin firam ɗin: an zaɓi firam ɗin tsayi iri ɗaya da nisa don daidaitawa da daidaita tsarin idan babu isasshen sarari don shrubs, ba za ku iya yin irin wannan greenhouse da yawa ba ( sama da 2m), in ba haka ba zai zama da wahala a daidaita zafi da adadin zafi a cikin tsari.
Aikin shigarwa
Bayan shirya kayan, an tattara greenhouse. A mataki na farko na aikin shigarwa, an daidaita ma’auni na katako da rafters zuwa girman greenhouse na gaba. Don ƙarin kariya, an rufe sassan katako tare da putty. Sa’an nan kuma tushe yana daidaitawa – an shigar da tubalin kuma an haɗa su. Ana sanya sanduna a saman tubalin. Yin amfani da kusoshi masu ɗaukar kai, sanduna da tushe na firam ɗin suna haɗe. Yanayi mai mahimmanci don aikin shigarwa mai dacewa: dole ne a sami ƙaramin rata tsakanin allunan da rafters (ƙananan girman firam) don haka tsarin ya fi aminci.
A wajen firam ɗin, allunan tsaye suna haɗe zuwa ƙarin alluna (saman allon kwance dole ne ya dace da ƙarshen butt). Har ila yau, allunan da aka haɗe zuwa tushe suna daidaitawa a cikin siffar gida. Wannan nau’i na greenhouse zai ba da damar ruwa (ciki da waje da tsarin) don magudana kuma kada ya tsaya. Mataki na ƙarshe na aikin shigarwa shine gyara firam ɗin. Akwai kawai firam guda ɗaya da ya rage a cikin duka tsarin da ake buƙatar buɗewa – zai ba da iska ga greenhouse da samun damar yin amfani da shrubs.
Metal greenhouse
Don yin abin dogara DIY greenhouse ga seedlings da shrubs Tumatir zo a cikin m karfe sassa. A matsayin firam, ana amfani da sanduna ko sandunan ƙarfe da aka haɗa tare. Suna kera nau’ikan greenhouses na karfe 2: nadawa da ƙarfi.
Ana amfani da polycarbonate ko fim mai kauri don rufe tsari tare da tushe na ƙarfe. Zaɓin kayan ya dogara da yanayin zafi. Gine-gine mai ƙarfi yana ba ku damar kare amfanin gona daga canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi, mummunan yanayi da ruwan sama mai yawa, amma yana da tsada (maye gurbin sassa ɗaya zai biya mai yawa).
Itace greenhouse
Ba shi da wahala sosai don yin greenhouse
Ana amfani da katako na katako a matsayin mafaka ga tumatir.Wannan shi ne mai sauƙi, zane mai cirewa, ginin da ba zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo ba. Gidan katako na katako ba shi da tushe: ba kamar tsarin firam ba, ba shi da tushe na bulo ko abubuwan ƙarfe. Don yin greenhouse mai sauƙi tare da hannunka, ana amfani da jerin lattices na katako waɗanda aka gyara da juna.
Irin wannan tsarin za a iya hade tare da sauran m greenhouses. Yayin da tsire-tsire ke girma, gasasshen katako yana kare shi daga ƙananan yanayin zafi. Idan zafin jiki ya ragu sosai, wannan zane ya dace da matsuguni na wucin gadi. Dangane da aminci, katako na katako sun yi ƙasa da tsarin firam.
Arched greenhouse
Ana amfani da tsarin arched don seedlings idan an saki bazara mai sanyi. Wannan ƙananan ƙira ne, wanda ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa, don dacewa don kula da bishiyoyin tumatir. Za a iya maye gurbin sassan tsarin kariyar tumatir lokacin aiki (kamar yadda ya lalace ko karya).
Don yin naku greenhouse mai siffar baka, kuna buƙatar:
- baka (dogayen bututun bakin ciki),
- fim (polyethylene ko translucent zane).
Wannan tsarin shimfidawa ne don kayan tsari wanda ke kare lafiyayyen shrubs. Abu na farko da za a yi shi ne cire arches (yi tushe mai mahimmanci) kuma shigar da fim a saman wanda zai dace da bangarorin. Kuna iya gyara polyethylene daga kowane bangare tare da tubalin talakawa. Tare da wannan zane, yana yiwuwa a saka idanu da yanayin girma seedlings ko bushes.
Ana amfani da ginin baka tare da nisa tsakanin sassan aƙalla 0,5 m a cikin yanayin da kuke buƙatar ware tsire-tsire masu rauni. Yana ba da madaidaicin microclimate a ƙarƙashin murfin. Ga manya bushes, arches sun fi kusa. Don ba da arches siffar da ake so, ana amfani da slats. Yin amfani da maƙallan, za ku iya daidaita tsayi da nisa na tsari.
ƙarshe
Gine-gine na gida don tumatir na iya zama dindindin ko wucin gadi: girman, tsayin tsayi da ƙarfin tushe ya dogara da manufar tsarin. Tushen ya zama dole ne kawai a cikin yanayin gina gine-gine na dindindin (ba shi da ƙasa da 1 m tsayi). Duk wani greenhouse ya kamata ya dace da mai lambu da kuma girma tumatir bushes.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ƙananan greenhouse (ƙananan ƙarar ciki), mafi muni yana ‘riƙe’ zafi. Yana zafi da sauri a rana da rana, amma kuma yana saurin yin sanyi da daddare.
