Tumatir seedlings a lokacin lokacin aiki girma ne mai yiwuwa ga kwari da cututtuka. Tumatir seedling karin kwari na iya lalata tushen tsarin daji na gaba da koren babba. Ana aiwatar da tsabtace seedlings akan lokaci ta amfani da samfuran gida da aka saya ko aka yi.
Assad maganin kwari
Don hana ƙwayoyin tumatir daga lalata amfanin gona na gaba, wajibi ne don hanawa da ƙarfafa tsaba kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai bude ko a cikin greenhouse.
Halayen kwari
Cututtukan tumatir da kwari sun dogara ne kai tsaye ga nau’in amfanin gona da aka zaɓa da kuma ƙasar da aka shuka a cikinta, kwari da kwari sun kasu kashi biyu:
- wadanda suke cin tushen tushen tumatir (bangaren daji na karkashin kasa),
- masu cin furanni, mai tushe da ganye.
Kwayoyin cututtukan tumatir da hanyoyin magance su sun dogara ne akan lokacin dasa shuki na seedlings: idan an dasa amfanin gona a cikin greenhouse a cikin lokacin sanyi, ya kamata ku kula da kwari da ke cin ƙasa na daji. Kwari da kwari masu cin tushen suna da haɗari ga tumatir a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Kwari suna cin ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, koren ɓangarensa ko ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Dangane da nau’in kwari ko beetles, ganyen ko dai ya bushe ko kuma ya ruɓe. Hanyoyin magani ana ƙaddara ta nau’in kwaro kuma ana amfani dasu don kula da amfanin gona na makwabta.
Bear a cikin seedlings
Kwarin Bear suna da alaƙa da fara.
Beyar tana da sashin gaba na jiki wanda ya inganta sosai, wanda ke ba kwaro damar ratsa ƙasa. Tsawon kwarin bai wuce 10 cm ba, launi na jiki shine launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa.
Ga tumatir, duka manya da ƙananan tsutsa suna da haɗari. Babban burin beyar shine tsarin tushen, wanda kwari ke ci na tsawon makonni har sai daji ya lalace gaba daya. Ana samun kwaro ne kawai a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, kuma ba za a iya samun shi a cikin greenhouse ba.
Hanyoyin sarrafawa
Yaƙin bear ya haɗa da sarrafa ƙasa gaba ɗaya.
Fesa bushes ɗin tumatir kawai ba shi da tasiri. Don sarrafawa, ana amfani da wakilai na granular, waɗanda, ba kamar sinadarai ba, ba su shafar ingancin ƙasa. Shahararrun magungunan kashe gori:
- ‘Granules’,
- ‘Medvetoks’,
- ‘Force’.
Yaƙi tare da beyar yana farawa tare da sassauta ƙasa (yadudduka na sama 1-2 cm). Ana binne granules na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ƙasa kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Kwaro zai iya samun granules cikin sauƙi, amma dabbobi ko dabbobi ba za su ci su ba.
Don yaƙar beyar, ana amfani da magungunan jama’a: kwari yana korar wari mai ƙarfi. A lokacin dasawa, a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ana binne tafarnuwa ko kwararan fitila (a cikin matsanancin yanayi, nama ko kifi) da aka binne a kusa da gadaje. Irin waɗannan sinadaran ba za su shafi lafiyar mutane ba, amma za su tsoratar da bear.
Ana amfani da tarkuna don kama manyan lobsters. Don yin wannan, haxa taki ruɓaɓɓen tare da baits da aka saya. Daga cikin magungunan gida, giya ko man sunflower sun dace.
Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro
Kwarin tumatir shine Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro, wanda za’a iya samuwa a cikin lambu da kuma a cikin greenhouse.
Cin tsire-tsire yana farawa tare da bayyanar farkon ganyen kore a kan tushe.
Ƙwayoyin suna fitowa daga tsutsa mai haske orange. Ga tumatur, manya da ƙwayayen su duka suna da haɗari. Sau da yawa tsutsa ce ke cin ganyen, amma beetles suna cin abinci daga sama kawai a ƙarshen lokacin rani.
Yaƙi da ƙwaro
Ana cire saman tumatur da injina daga cikin ƙwaro dankalin turawa.
Na musamman taro sarrafa na ƙasa kwari Wadannan kayayyakin kare shuka daga kwari har girbi.
Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro larvae lalata shuke-shuke
Ana gudanar da maganin kashe kwari a kan amfanin gona makwabta: Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro yana son saman eggplants da dankali, kuma idan kawai ana tattara larvae na irin ƙwaro, manya za su sake haifar da zuriya. Haɗin kai kawai zai magance matsalar.
Lambun diba
Sarrafa ƙwayoyin tumatir masu haɗari suna farawa a farkon bazara ta hanyar shirya ƙasa don seedlings.
Caterpillars kwari ne na kowa. Ganyen tumatir suna fama da tsintsiya madaurinki daya, amma da wuya su kai tushen. Kadan kadan, tsiron ya zama ‘sieve’ kuma daji ya bushe. Da zarar cikin kara, cokali ya lalatar da tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya.
Cokali yana girma har zuwa 3 cm tsayi. Farkon ƙarni na caterpillars suna tasowa akan weeds, saboda haka an fara kashe su. Larvae na karuwa da sauri kuma suna tsira ko da a cikin yanayi mara kyau.
Kula da kwaro
A lokuta na yaduwa na caterpillar larvae, yin amfani da maganin kwari ya zama dole.
Ya kamata a fesa busassun ganye a cikin dakin da ke ƙasa da 20 ° C. Don fesa tsire-tsire, Arrivo ko Decis, maganin kwari da aka saya don mutane, yana da amfani.
Magungunan jama’a zasu taimaka wajen kawar da caterpillar mai haɗari: don shirya maganin gida za ku buƙaci busassun busassun sabulu, blooming wormwood da ash itace. Duk abubuwan da ke cikin samfurin an haɗe su sosai kuma an zuba lita 10 na ruwan zãfi mai tsabta. Dole ne cakuda ya tsaya aƙalla sa’o’i 6-10. Tare da samfurin da aka shirya, za ku iya fesa dukan tsire-tsire na tumatir da amfanin gona makwabta.
Tumatir tsutsotsi
Wireworms suna da haɗari ga ƙwayar tumatir. Yaƙi da su yana farawa a cikin bazara kafin dasa shuki seedlings. Tsutsar da ke lalata tumatur tana fitowa daga tsutsa na beetles na kowa. Kwaro yana da kauri, harsashi mai haske.
Wireworms suna ciyar da tushen seedlings. Irin waɗannan ayyuka na kwari suna haifar da ruɓewar tushen bushes. A tsawon lokaci, tsiron ya mutu kuma wireworm yana motsawa zuwa amfanin gona makwabta.
Kula da kwaro
Hanyoyin sarrafa tsutsar waya da kuma ƙwaro na Mayu, waɗanda galibi suna lalata tsarin shinge na kyanda, iri ɗaya ne. . Gudanar da injina zai taimaka cire yawancin tsutsotsi da tsutsotsi:
- Da hannu daga ƙasa (yadudduka na sama), ana cire larvae da mutane masu lafiya.
- Wajibi ne a noma ƙasa a kusa da tushen seedlings tare da magungunan jama’a da ke dauke da urea da busassun tushe – sawdust ko bambaro.
- Kawo tsuntsaye ko ƙwai zuwa ƙasa. Don haka, zai yiwu a kayar da tsutsotsin waya tare da hanyoyin nazarin halittu.
- Kusa da tsire-tsire, ana shuka kabeji da radishes, wanda ke tsoratar da tsutsotsi.
- Ana takin ƙasa tare da ƙarin hanyoyin kafin dasa shuki: an gabatar da ganyen da aka murƙushe da humus.
Hanyoyin da aka zaɓa ba su ware maganin sinadarai na seedlings ba. Don magance tsutsotsin waya, ana amfani da maganin kwari masu fadi da kunkuntar. Ana aiwatar da aikin gadaje a cikin fili ta amfani da ‘Anti-Crush’ da ‘Rembek’.
An shafe samfurin da ruwa: 10 l na ruwa mai tsabta ana amfani dashi a cikin jakar kwari. Ba a aiwatar da aikin a yanayin zafi sama da 25 ° C.
Seedling cututtuka
Cututtuka da kwari matsaloli ne guda biyu waɗanda suke lalata shuka daidai. Kwari suna ɗaukar nau’in fungal daga wannan al’ada zuwa wani. Ga tumatur, rashin lafiyan marigayi shine mafi haɗari. Jiyya na cutar ya ƙunshi kula da seedlings tare da vitriol ko baƙin ƙarfe oxide.
Don kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka, tsaba na tsire-tsire na gaba suna jiƙa a cikin mafita waɗanda ke ƙarfafa rigakafi na tsaba. Waɗannan magungunan sun haɗa da ‘Fitosporin’ – ya dace da sarrafa amfanin gona yayin mamayewar kwaro.
