Tafkin wani tsiro ne mai launin azurfa daga lokacin bazara, wanda ke fitar da mai mai yawa. Ba da cin hancin tallafi a farkon lokacin rani. Karamin bishiya ce ko shrubby shuka na dangin loch.
Abun cikin labarin
- 1 Muhimmancin noma
- 1.1 kunkuntar ruwa
- 1.2 Gabas
- 1.3 Plata
- 2 Agrotechnical
- 3 Yawan aikin zuma
- 4 Kaddarorin masu amfani
Muhimmancin noma
Iri-iri-iri-iri-iri-iri-iri-iri, wanda aka fi sani da zaitun daji, ya yadu a yankin Turai na nahiyarmu. Ana samunsa a wuraren shakatawa da lambuna. A cikin yanayi, ana iya samun shi a gefen koguna masu tsattsauran ra’ayi da jikunan ruwa.
Itacen zuma mai kunkuntar ganye ana shuka shi azaman koren shuka, tsiri mai kariya ga filayen. Ana amfani da wasu nau’ikan a matsayin bishiyar ‘ya’yan itace.
Muhimman iri don apiaries:
- kunkuntar ganye (zaitun daji): wannan iri-iri yana da mafi kyawun tarin nectar;
- Gabas da azurfa suna da mahimmanci don riƙe cin hancin rani.
kunkuntar ruwa
Itacen itacen oak mai kunkuntar itace itace mai tsayi har zuwa mita goma, an lullube shi da ƙayayuwa kuma yana da harbe-harbe masu launin azurfa-fari. Yadu a cikin Caucasus.
Ganyen bishiyar yana da layi-lanceolate, kore mai datti a sama, fari a ƙasa tare da sheen azurfa.
Furanni suna da ƙananan isa, sun taru a cikin axils na ganyen 2-3 guda. A ciki akwai orange. Perianth a cikin furanni masu ƙarfi yana da siffar kararrawa kuma a cikin furannin bisexual an fidda shi cikin bututu. Itacen ya fara yin fure a watan Mayu-Yuni yana da shekaru 4. Lokacin furanni yana ɗaukar har zuwa makonni biyu.
Wannan shine mafi kyawun iri-iri!
Gabas
Iri na gabas na Loja kuma ana kiransa da Rashanci ko zaitun Jida. Ana samuwa a cikin Caucasus, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Tsakiya da Asiya Ƙananan Asiya, Gabashin Turai, Siberiya, Altai. Ana noma shi azaman shuka ‘ya’yan itace.
A cikin bayyanar, Oriental Loch karamin bishiya ne mai kambi mai kauri mai cike da ganye mai tsayi, mai jure fari da yanayin zafi mai zafi.
Fure-fure na farko masu kamshi suna bayyana a kai a cikin shekaru 5-6 a ƙarshen Mayu, farkon Yuni: furanni furanni suna haɓaka kawai a kan rassan gefen kambi na tsari na huɗu kuma daga baya. A cikin kowane ganye axil akwai ƙaramin fure mai elongated. A perianth rawaya ne a ciki.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne launin ruwan rawaya tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara na gari tare da dandano mai dadi. Ana iya bushe su ta amfani da lokacin hunturu don compotes. Ana iya adana bushes tsawon shekaru!
Plata
Itacen zuma na azurfa yayi kama da shrub, ƙasa da ƙasa sau da yawa shukar itace, mai iya samar da kurmi mai yawa. An rufe rassansa da ƙaya da ma’aunin azurfa. Ganyen lanceolate, wanda aka shirya a madadin, suna da gajerun petioles. Ƙasar Amirka ta Arewa.
Tushen zuma yana tsiro da kyau a cikin mars ɗinmu, ƙasa mai duwatsu, dutsen yashi. Yana tsayayya da sanyi da yardar kaina zuwa -40 digiri.
Ba a amfani da wannan iri-iri don shinge saboda yawan ci gaban tushen.
Dajin na farko yana fure a cikin shekaru 7-10. Furen na iya zama bisexual ko unisexual. Suna samuwa a cikin axils na ganye, 1-2 guda. A waje, petals sune azurfa, a ciki suna da launin rawaya.
Inflorescences furanni daga baya fiye da sauran nau’ikan suckers, kusan daga Yuni zuwa Yuli, dangane da yanayin. Ana maimaita furanni lokaci-lokaci a cikin watan Agusta.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne mai duhu launin ruwan kasa ko baki, dandano kamar lingonberry. Ba kasafai ake cin su ba saboda suna da babban rami mai ɗimbin ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Agrotechnical
Ya fi dacewa don yada bushes da bishiyoyi tare da yankan da aka girma daga iri iri.
Don wannan, an zaɓi ƙasa mai yashi da ƙasa mai kyau. Kayan dasa ya kamata ya zama tsayin santimita 30. Shuka yankan kafin tsiro tare da ɗan gangara (biyu buds sun kasance a saman saman).
A cikin shekarar farko, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun da matsakaici. Bayan tsiro mai ƙarfi ya bayyana, dole ne a cire sauran.
Amfanin amfanin gona yana kula da gangar jiki da lalacewar reshe! Ana yin trimming na kambi a lokacin samuwarsa “a cikin zobe”. Dole ne a fentin yankan da fentin mai.
Yawan aikin zuma
Mafi yawan amfani a cikin sha’anin nectar shine zaitun daji (nau’i-nau’i mai kunkuntar). Girbin zuma yana faɗuwa a cikin lokacin haɓaka ƙarfin kudan zuma kafin babban girbi na rani.
Dangane da ƙarfin gida, ƙudan zuma suna kawo kilo 4 zuwa 13 na zuma. Yawan aiki a kowace hectare – 100 kg.
Lokacin yin famfo, ana hada irin wannan zuma da ganye. Launi ne amber. Ana furta ƙamshi, ganye.
Kaddarorin masu amfani
Dukan shuka gaba ɗaya yana da daraja sosai a cikin magungunan jama’a.
Inflorescences, pollen, nectar kuma, saboda haka, zuma mai tsotsa ana bada shawarar:
- tare da mashako da mura;
- tare da cututtukan zuciya;
- tare da colitis da sauran cututtuka na tsarin narkewa;
- tare da ulcers, abscesses da raunuka a kan fata;
- a matsayin wani ɓangare na kayan gyaran gida.
Bayan dasa shuki a kusa da apiary, za ku iya samun ba kawai cin hancin tallafi mai inganci ba, amma kuma samar da kyawawan tsire-tsire masu ado a kan shafin, suna ba da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu dadi da lafiya.
