Ana ƙara fara kitso kaji a gonaki masu zaman kansu don noman gida.
Broiler guinea fowl
Game da nau’in broiler
A yau shi ne wani kaji broiler na guinea ya zama sanannen kaji, yana tabbatar da yawan yawan aiki da kuma nuna yawan rayuwa.
Kafin noma don dalilai na noma Tssarskaya broilers ba a san su ba. Daga kakanninsu na Afirka, sun sami kwanciyar hankali na rigakafi, sun zama masu tsoro da kuma taka tsantsan, a lokaci guda surutu da abokantaka ga mutane da sauran dabbobi. Suna cikin koshin lafiya, ana gadonsu a matakin kwayoyin halitta, tsuntsaye ba kasafai suke yin rashin lafiya ba. Iya daidaitawa da sauri zuwa sabon yanayin rayuwa, suna jure yanayin zafi da sanyi.
Ba wai kawai bayyanarsa na ado ba, har ma da yawan amfanin gona na tsuntsayen Guinea don kitso an yaba da kiwon kaji a cikin gida a karni na XNUMX. Kaji ya zama sananne a tsakanin ƙwararrun masu dafa abinci don nama mai daɗi.
A yau, ana yin noman kaji na Rasha na tsuntsayen Guinea ta hanyar amfani da nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri ne ana yin su.
- tsuntsu mai launin toka, wanda ake kira da, a cikin launi, wanda ake kira Faransanci,
- karamin yawan broiler hens tashe a cikin Rasha da dama a cikin blue irin, wanda aka bambanta da ta barga rigakafi da yawa cututtuka na kaji, ciki har da cutar sankarar bargo, amma kaɗan Wannan shi ne saboda da low vitality.
- White-breasted Zagorsk broilers ya bayyana a sakamakon giciye tare da wakilan kaji, an bayyana su a matsayin m da sako-sako da plumage, tare da farin nono, kuma ya dauki dandano na kaji.
- sun fara gane tsuntsayen Siberiya saboda taurinsu, alamomin da suka wuce adadin sauran broilers, amma ba kasafai ake yin su ba saboda karancin yawan aiki.
- Kyawawan tsuntsaye masu launin fata masu launin toka suna da wuya a cikin nau’in su, suna ba da gudummawar mafi ƙarancin adadin TVO don samar da kowane nau’in aladu na Guinea, broilers da ƙasa fiye da sauran rabbai.
Game da broilers na Faransa
Kiwo na hange Guinea fowl kaji a gida ya yiwu ta hanyar jinsin zaɓi na launin toka broilers, saboda mahaifarsa Broiler irin na Guinea fowl – Faransa. A sakamakon aikin kiwo, manyan tsuntsaye sun bayyana: manya sun kai nauyin kilogiram 3.0. Daga cikin manyan halaye na Faransanci, ana iya lura da waɗannan:
- qaramin kai mai kaifi, wanda ba ya misaltuwa zuwa babban akwati a wuyan siririn elongated,
- ana bambanta baki da girma mai shuɗi mai shuɗi,
- a gefen kai akwai ‘yan kunne masu kama da turkey.
- wata karamar wutsiya tana nuni zuwa kasa.
- duhun tsoka yana haskakawa ta siriri fata.
- fuka-fuki tare da ingantaccen tsokoki.
Siffar sifa ta bayanin Faransanci shine launin fuka-fukan su – launin toka a cikin ƙananan fararen fata.
Bayanin tsuntsayen gini don kitso na Faransanci ya danganta wadannan tsuntsaye zuwa jagorancin naman, tun da yake a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci suna ba da karuwa mai yawa ga naman abincin. Duk da haka, tsuntsayen Guinea daga Faransa za su iya yin alfahari da samun adadi mai kyau na samar da kwai – har zuwa guda 150 a kowace shekara, kowane kwai yana da nauyin 50g.
Ƙwayoyin broiler na Faransa na iya tashi da shawo kan cikas, saboda haka, don kauce wa barin wuraren zama da tafiya, tsuntsayen Faransanci suna yanke fuka-fuki.
Kaji na Faransa yana da ɗanɗano mai kama da namun daji kuma ya ƙunshi ƙaramin adadin haemoglobin. Sakamakon rashin kitse, launin gawar yana da launin shuɗi, amma idan an dafa shi ya canza zuwa launi mai haske, kama da launin naman kaza.
Ka’idodin Kula da Kaisar Broiler
Noman masana’antu tsuntsayen Guinea a Rasha ba su da isasshen ci gaba. Daga cikin halaye mara kyau na al’ada da abun ciki na waɗannan kaji, ana lura da karuwar farashin samarwa saboda tsawon lokacin tsarin ciyarwa.
Idan muka kwatanta fihirisar yawan aiki na nau’ikan tsuntsayen Guinea daban-daban, to, halayen kwatanta ta lambobi zasu kasance kamar haka:
- Layin Faransa ya mamaye mafi girman layin, yana samar da qwai 135 a kowace shekara kuma ya kai watanni 10 kilogiram 2.5,
- Tsuntsaye masu launin shuɗi suna girma zuwa shekaru iri ɗaya har zuwa kilogiram 2.0 kuma suna iya ɗaukar ƙwai har 120 a shekara.
- Tsuntsaye na Siberiya na iya girma har zuwa kilogiram 1.8 tare da samar da kwai har zuwa 150, matsayi na uku a cikin yawan aiki tsakanin nau’in tsuntsaye na Guinea.
- Zagors.Hatta kaji na iya samar da nama har kilogiram 1,8 idan sun kai watanni goma da kwai 140 a shekara.
- Volga broilers sune na biyar a cikin yawan aiki, suna samun nauyi a cikin watanni 10 zuwa kilogiram 1.6 kuma suna da samar da kwai har zuwa guda 115.
- Kyawawan tsuntsayen Guinea suna rufe madauki na kayan aiki, suna samun nauyi fiye da kilogiram 1.5 kuma suna ba da ƙwai sama da 110 a shekara.
Kiwon broiler hens a asirce Tattalin arzikin ya dogara ne akan halaye da yawa:
- tsuntsu yana girma sosai tare da gadaje masu dadi da tsari,
- tare da tsuntsayen da suka girma zuwa ‘yanci suna buƙatar sararin samaniya don kansu, al’ada don dasa shuki tsuntsaye ba su wuce 10 broilers a kowace murabba’in mita 1 ba. m,
- Ana ajiye broilers a cikin katangar da aka katange, wanda a cikin kowannensu ba sa rayuwa fiye da kajin 400.
Don cikakken girma da ci gaban Kaisar broilers, yana da mahimmanci don samar musu da ikon motsawa cikin yardar kaina, kamar yadda aikin motsa jiki ke haifar da hauhawar nauyi. ga kasancewar hayaniya akai-akai a wuraren da aka tara ta. Lokacin da ake ajiye tsuntsayen gida, ba a lura da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi kamar wanda ake samu lokacin kiwon kaji.
Raation da kiwon kiwo
Don kitso tsuntsaye a cikin tsari na kiyayewa da kuma kiwon isassun abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin noman kaza. Wannan yana yiwuwa saboda kamannin ilimin halittar jiki na kiwon kaji. Nauyin Kaisar suna amfani da hatsi da gauraye da abinci, suna ciyar da legumes tare da ƙari na kifi. Hada da hadaddun ma’adinai da ƙari na abinci mai gina jiki ga abincin tsuntsayen Guinea ya dogara da yankin da suke kiwo da kiyayewa, da kuma irin nau’in tsuntsaye.
Ana haifan tsuntsayen tsuntsaye ne lokacin da suke kiwon broilers a cikin incubators na wucin gadi, kamar yadda tsuntsaye masu kunya, bisa ga dabi’a, ba za su iya ba da kulawa mai kyau ga ‘ya’yansu ba kamar yadda ake bukata lokacin da ake noma.
Maganar da ta dace ta fuskar tattalin arziki don girma da kiyaye kajin broiler bai wuce watanni 3 ba. Ƙarin girma na ƙananan dabbobi ya zama marar amfani saboda rashin adalcin rabe-rabe da farashin kulawa da abinci, kamar yadda wani babba ya dakatar da yawan nauyin nauyin nauyi, yayin da yake kula da tausayi mai mahimmanci na nama.
