Bayanin nau’in dankalin turawa don Black Earth
Yadda za a zabi nau’in dankalin turawa mai kyau don Black Earth
Muhimman halaye da yakamata ayi la’akari yayin zabar iri-iri:
- yanki,
- yawan aiki,
- girman tubers,
- lokacin maturation,
- jure cututtuka,
- dandano.
Irin dankalin turawa masu kyau don girma a cikin yankin Black Earth, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su kuma an gwada su a cikin yankin yanayi na tsakiya, ba su zabi tsire-tsire da aka yi niyya don dasa shuki a yankunan kudancin.
Yawan aiki
Yana da mahimmanci a kula da aiki kuma zaɓi bisa ga bukatun ku. Girman tubers kuma sun bambanta. Bayan an yi aiki da yawa a cikin noma, ƙananan dankali za su zama abin takaici.
Balaga
Ripening na dankalin turawa ba shi da mahimmanci. Yin amfani da nau’in farko, zaka iya girbi sau biyu a kakar, wannan alama ce mai mahimmanci, musamman ga noman masana’antu. Amma daga baya ana adana nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i an adana su kuma za su samar da kayan lambu masu kyau har sai kakar wasa ta gaba.
Juriya na cuta
Duk da kyawawan yanayi, cututtuka na iya shafar dankali, saboda haka juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Kuma idan akwai kamuwa da cuta, bushes suna raunana kuma ƙananan dankali suna girma. Ya kamata ku zaɓi waɗanda ke jure wa nau’ikan cututtuka daban-daban. Halayen ɗanɗano suma suna da mahimmanci, musamman idan aka yi la’akari da yadda ake yawan amfani da su wajen dafa abinci.
Zaɓin kayan shuka
Muna zaɓar dankali
Bayan zaɓar nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i)) wanda za a iya bambanta nau’in nau’in tubers masu kyau:
- girma,
- rudimentary yawan idanu,
- akai-akai,
- rashin alamun cututtuka,
- rashin lalacewa.
Ingancin irin dankalin turawa zai shafi girbi na gaba sosai. Tushen amfanin gona ya kamata ya zama matsakaici a girman, ƙananan dankali ba zai kawo amfanin gona mai inganci ba, manyan tubers kuma ba su dace ba. Kwayar cuta a cikin dankali ya kamata ya kasance daga 2 zuwa 5, wannan zai ba da damar haɓaka wani yanki mai ƙarfi na shuka, kuma, bi da bi, rhizome tare da tubers zai sami matakan da suka dace. Alamar mummunar alama ita ce nau’in da ba a saba da shi ba, wanda bai kamata a dasa shi a cikin gado ba. Har ila yau, bai kamata a gano alamun cututtuka (scab, latti, rot) ba. Kasancewar ko da nau’in nau’in kamuwa da cuta yana haifar da shan kashi na sauran kuma, a sakamakon haka, ga tsire-tsire marasa ƙarfi da amfanin gona marasa inganci. Tsirrai masu lafiya suna tabbatar da lafiyayyen zuriya.
Haka nan tubers da suka lalace ta hanyar inji ba su dace da shuka ba, sau da yawa bayan dasa shuki suna rube kuma ba sa tsiro. Dasa dankalin turawa, har ma da manyan mutane, dole ne ya kasance mafi inganci. Kuna buƙatar zaɓar mafi kyawun kwafin dasa dankali.
Mafi kyawun nau’in dankali don ƙasa baki
Tare da nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan da suka dace da Black Earth, yana da daraja nuna mafi kyawun waɗanda suka tabbatar da kansu a cikin aikin lambu na sha’awa da masana’antu. Suna da nasu amfani da halaye.
Madalla
Daya daga cikin sababbi. Taso da rajista ba da daɗewa ba. Tushen amfanin gona yana da matsakaicin nauyin gram 200-220, an ɗora shi cikin kyakkyawan siffar m. Fatar jiki da ɓangaren litattafan almara na tuber sune rawaya.
Yana da ɗanɗano mai ban sha’awa, yana cikin nau’ikan tebur na tsakiyar kakar. Ana amfani da shi a masana’antu don samar da nau’o’in ciye-ciye na dankalin turawa da samfuran da aka kammala. Wannan nau’in yana da juriya ga nematode dankalin turawa da ciwon daji.
Rashin lahani na wannan nau’in ya haɗa da rashin juriya ga ƙarshen busasshiyar sashin iska na shuka. Yana buƙatar germination kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Yana girma na dogon lokaci a ƙananan yanayin ƙasa.
Janye ja
An haife nau’in jinsin a cikin Netherlands. Yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin maturation har zuwa kwanaki 75. Halin launin ja na fata da nama shine rawaya. Siffar ta elongated, m tare da daidai kwanon rufi. Bushes ba su da tsayi.
Kyakkyawan aiki
An ba da shawarar don yawan yawan aiki da farkon maturation. Yawan aiki na daraja ya kai 6 t/ha. Har zuwa dankali 20 tare da matsakaicin nauyin gram 95 yana girma a ƙarƙashin daji kuma yana jure yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Ba ya daina girma a cikin fari. Scarlet ja yana da juriya ga buguwar bututun marigayi. Tushen amfanin gona kuma suna da tsawon rai, wanda ke da wuya a farkon dankali.
Lalacewar Jajayen Scarlet sun haɗa da buƙatar sabunta kayan shuka saboda yuwuwar lalacewa da asarar inganci. Wannan nau’in ba shi da kwanciyar hankali ga scabies da madadin analiosis.
Lorch
An bred iri-iri kuma an yi rajista a cikin 1931. Yana nufin dankali da matsakaicin ƙarshen ripening. Siffar tuber sau da yawa zagaye, fata ne m, nama ne fari. Yana da daɗi.
Akwai fa’idodi da yawa waɗanda ke hana shi rasa shaharar shekaru masu yawa. Irin nau’in kuma bai dace da yanayin girma ba. Juriya ga fari da yanayin zafi. Yana ba da amfanin gona mai inganci ko da a cikin ƙasa da ba ta ƙare ba. Yana da juriya ga cutar rashin lafiya na gama gari.
Babban rashi yana samar da sitaci har zuwa 20%, wanda ke haifar da asarar siffar yayin dafa abinci. Amma wannan rashin amfani ya sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da iri-iri a cikin samar da sitaci. Tushen amfanin gona ba su da girma akan matsakaita har zuwa gram 75. Lorch yana da saurin kamuwa da cututtuka kamar scab da kansa.
Satumba
Yana nufin tsakiyar farkon. Sau da yawa siffar yana zagaye. Matsakaicin nauyin tuber shine gram 120. Fatar tana da launin rawaya kuma tsakiyar fari ne.
C yabo yana fitar da yawan amfanin ƙasa, wanda shine 400-450 kg / ha. Satumba yana jure wa marigayi blight da ciwon daji na dankalin turawa. Yana girma da kyau a cikin ƙasa iri-iri. Mai jurewa ga canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi.
Tare da duk kyawawan halaye, ana lura da yanayin kamuwa da cuta tare da nematode. Wanne na buƙatar ƙarin aikin rigakafi na bushes.
Riviera
Super farkon zaɓin Dutch. Launin rawaya mai haske, ɓangaren litattafan almara. Nauyin tushen amfanin gona har zuwa gram 180. Yawan aiki 4-5 ton a kowace hectare.
Girbin farko na Riviera yana ɗaukar kwanaki 40-45 daga bayyanar seedlings. Wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen noman masana’antu. Yana ba da damar saukowa sau biyu don samar da kasuwa don siyar da dankalin turawa. Babban yawan aiki yana ba da damar tattara kusan ‘ya’yan itatuwa 12 daga daji guda. Kuma wannan fa’ida yana da mahimmanci har ma ga waɗanda ke girma shrubs daban-daban a cikin ƙasar.
Kyakkyawan iri-iri, amma yana da matsakaicin juriya ga cututtuka da yawa kuma yana buƙatar maganin fungicides da cikakken kulawa.
Zakura
Late iri-iri don amfanin duniya baki ɗaya. Yana da ɓangaren litattafan almara da rawaya. Dajin yana tsaye rabin tsayi. Yawan amfanin gona na tushen ya kai gram 140.
Bushes na tsaye suna sauƙaƙe ciyawa da kulawa. Iri-iri Zekura baya buƙatar sharuɗɗa. Nests dankalin turawa suna kusa da saman, wanda ya dace lokacin tono. Rayuwa mai tsawo yana ba da damar yin amfani da shi har zuwa ƙarshen bazara. An yaba da dandanonsa, ana amfani da shi sosai wajen dafa abinci.
Ko da tare da kyawawan halaye masu yawa, Zekura ba ya aiki da kyau a yanayin fari. Kuma tushen amfanin gona yana girma ƙanana, yana auna gram 45-65.
ƙarshe
Yawan nau’in yana da yawa a yanzu, kuma masu shayarwa suna ci gaba da yin aiki a wannan filin, suna girma sababbi don ƙirƙirar mafi kyau. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci abin da halaye da halaye ya kamata a kula da su. Kuma zaɓi nau’in dankalin turawa wanda ke da amfani, mai jurewa ga cututtuka, yana da dandano mai dacewa, kuma a sakamakon haka, a cikin fall zai kawo jin dadi da tabbatacce daga aikin da aka yi.
