An rarraba dankalin turawa na Lugovskoy a tsakanin manyan gonaki da masu zaman kansu. Idan dole ne a canza wasu al’adu duk bayan shekaru biyu, to wannan nau’in ba shi da saurin lalacewa. A tubers da dadi dandano, dauke da babban adadin bitamin da sitaci.
Bayanin mota Dankali Lugovskaya
Halayen dankalin turawa Lugovskaya
An zaɓi dankalin turawa Lugovskaya bisa sanannen Sineglazka a Ukraine. Babban bambanci shine yawan amfanin ƙasa akai-akai da kuma ingancin kiyayewa, 97% na yawan amfanin gona ana kiyaye shi. Lugovskoy dankalin turawa iri-iri balagagge a cikin kwanaki 80-90 bayan shuka. Yana da babban jin daɗi.
Irin nau’in yana da tsayayya da yawancin cututtuka na dankalin turawa. Matsakaici mai juriya ga buguwar cuta. A cikin ƙasa mai jika sosai, haɗarin ruɓewar vertebral yana ƙaruwa.
Bayanin shuka
Halayen waje na shuka, a ka’ida, ba abin mamaki ba ne a cikin bambancin su. Ana iya siffanta shuka kamar haka:
- matsakaici, madaidaiciya shrubs,
- kore mai duhu, matte, ganye masu matsakaicin girma,
- inflorescences ne m, mai tsami ko fari.
Nau’in ‘ya’yan itace
Dankali ba ya yin duhu a cikin yanke, yana raguwa a lokacin maganin zafi. Ana amfani dashi don shirye-shiryen jita-jita daban-daban, da kuma don samar da sitaci. Halayen dankali na Lugovskoy iri-iri:
- dankalin turawa mai siffar kwali,
- fatar jikin tana da launin ruwan hoda, sirara, tana da siffa mai sheki.
- idanu sun kusan ganuwa.
Bayanin nau’in dankalin turawa na Lugovskoy ta hanyar haihuwa: matsakaiciyar tubers, nauyi har zuwa 200 g, daga 1 ha zaka iya tattara game da 514 c. Ɗaya daga cikin daji yana ba da kilogiram 1-2 na kyawawan tubers masu kyau tare da zurfin sassauta ƙasa. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da wadata a cikin bitamin C, furotin, da sitaci. Siffar oblong da laushi mai laushi suna sauƙaƙe aikin tsaftacewa sosai.
Al’adu
Lugovskaya dankalin turawa iri-iri ba picky game da irin ƙasa. Yawan aiki ya dogara kai tsaye akan bin kulawar aikin gona da ka’idojin fasaha. Sau da yawa tushen amfanin gona na musamman da aka zaɓa don tsaba ana amfani da su don haifuwa, ko da lokacin girbi buƙatun Agrotechnical zai bambanta dangane da manufar shuka dankali – tsaba ko abinci.
A kan manyan gonaki ko akasin haka kuma ƙananan, lokacin da ba zai yiwu a canza wurin dasa shuki a kowace shekara ba, a cikin lokacin kaka bayan girbi, ana shuka yankin da tsire-tsire. gefe. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- hunturu,
- cucumbers,
- kayan lambu,
- Ganye
A cikin yankuna masu sanyi, yana da kyau a yi amfani da amfanin gona na hunturu ko ciyawa, saboda cucumbers kawai ba za su sami lokacin girma ba. Ko da yake wasu mutane sun fi son kawai takin ƙasa tare da taki a cikin kaka kuma amfanin dankalin turawa bai shafi hakan ba. Babban abu shi ne cewa shafin yana da haske sosai, saboda a cikin yanayi mai laushi, al’adun za su yi rashin lafiya tare da rashin lafiya. Bayanin dankalin turawa Lugovskoy yana ba da damar dasa shi a cikin ƙasa lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa 8 ℃.
Kyakkyawan kulawa zai ba da girbi mai yawa
Don noma, bai kamata ku zaɓi babban dankali ba, yana da kyau a zaɓi ƙananan tubers tare da harbe mai kauri. Ga kowane cultivar, Lugovskaya ba togiya ba, ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da germination na kayan iri kafin dasa shuki. Wannan motsi yana haɓaka aikin girma sosai.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Dole ne a yi takin ƙasa a cikin kaka. Idan zai yiwu a canza wurin da ake shuka dankalin turawa, zai fi kyau – don farawa, kana buƙatar cire duk ciyawa da tono ƙasa. Zurfin digging ya kamata ya zama akalla 30 cm, wannan zai kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka da kwari da yawa. Za a iya kona saman da aka girbe da kuma tara ƙasa da toka. A cikin kaka, ana shigar da nau’ikan takin mai zuwa cikin ƙasa:
- taki,
- superphosphates,
- gishiri,
- potassium ko takin mai magani.
Shirye-shiryen iri
Halin dankalin Lugovskaya yana ba da damar shuka amfanin gona a tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi sosai. Kuna buƙatar zaɓar kayan shuka mai kyau ba tare da rot tare da manyan idanu ba. Ana shuka dankali ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Daya daga cikin mafi nasara zažužžukan shine germination a cikin jaka.
An sanya dankalin iri na Lugovskaya a cikin jaka tare da ramukan da aka yi a gaba don tabbatar da iska da kuma hana zafi. Sprouts suna bayyana a zahiri a cikin makonni 1-2. Ba kwa buƙatar jira har sai sun yi girma sosai, a zahiri 3 zuwa 5 cm ya isa. Babban abu shine cewa harbe ya kamata ya zama mai ƙarfi kuma ba na bakin ciki ba. . Idan ana amfani da mafita don lalata ko haɓaka girma, dole ne a bushe iri kafin shuka. Idan kun rufe ƙasa bayan shuka, amfanin gona yana tsiro da sauri.
Tsarin shuka
A cikin bazara, wata daya kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar sake noman ƙasa, sannan ƙara Organic ko superphosphates. Kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a yi alama, la’akari da gaskiyar cewa tsakanin ramukan don dankalin abinci ya kamata ya zama nisa na kusan 40 cm, don tsaba – 10 cm. Mafi girman nisa tsakanin bushes, mafi girma da tubers.
Ku shiga cikin layuka, ya kamata ku bar nisa na 70 cm. Lokacin dasa shuki, ana aiwatar da hadi na farko na tsire-tsire. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da toka ko zubar da kaza.
Cuidado
Domin Lugovskaya dankali ya ba da girbi mai kyau, dole ne a gudanar da noma na yau da kullum. Suna farawa lokacin da harbe-harbe masu ƙarfi na farko suka bayyana. Tsakanin layuka, kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa gaba ɗaya kuma cire ciyawa. Idan yanayin yana da ɗanɗano, yakamata a noma ƙasa sama da 10 cm. Ana aiwatar da hanyar sau 3 tare da tazara na kwanaki 15.
Wajibi ne a sassauta ƙasa bayan shayarwa ko ruwan sama. Bayanin nau’in dankalin turawa na Lugovoi yana ba ku damar shayar da shi kwata-kwata a tsakiyar layi. Amma, a cikin bushes na kudu, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta bushe ba. Ba a yin tudu a yankunan kudanci. Lokacin ƙara ƙasa, ɓangaren ƙasa a cikin zafi yana rasa danshi mai yawa, wanda zai iya haifar da mummunan tasirin amfanin gona.
Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar taki
A cikin yankunan arewaci da kuma tsakiyar yankin, ana yin hawan tudu sau 2. Suna fara yayyafa bushes tare da ƙasa a lokacin da harbe suka kai 15-18 cm A karo na farko, kimanin 10 cm na ƙasa an zuba, na biyu 20. A duk lokacin girma, ana amfani da takin mai magani sau 3:
- a lokacin shuka,
- a lokacin budding,
- bayan flowering.
Annoba da cututtuka
Don duk girman juriya ga kowane nau’in cututtuka, idan ba a kiyaye shi da kyau ba, dankalin turawa na Lugovskaya na iya shafar marigayi blight da sauran fungi. Don rigakafin, duk kayan iri ana lalata su kafin shuka ko kuma a aiwatar da feshin rigakafin cututtukan fungicides kafin farkon lokacin damina. Yawancin lokaci don rigakafi da magani na phytophthora suna amfani da kwayoyi masu zuwa: Phytosporin, Kuproksat, jan karfe sulfate, Arcedil.
Juicy dankalin turawa fi ko da yaushe wani tidbit ga kowane irin kwari, kuma har yanzu babu wani iri-iri da da ba zai bayyana ga dandano na Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro. Baya ga su, aphids, kwari da mites na iya kai hari kan dankali. Ka rabu da su da maganin kwari.
Girbi da ajiya
Lokacin da saman blockage ko rawaya, yana da lokacin tono dankali. Girbi kada ya yi latti, in ba haka ba tubers zai rasa dandano. Ba lallai ba ne a yanke saman kafin girbi. Bayan an tono, sai a yada tushen a rana don fitar da iska kuma ya bushe, a zahiri na tsawon sa’o’i 2.
Bayan haka, ana jera tubers ana jera su a cikin kwalaye, ana barin tsaba na dankalin turawa na tsawon kwanaki 2-3 a rana don zama kore. Waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun zama marasa ban sha’awa ga rodents kuma an fi adana su.
Ana aika tubers don ajiya, wanda ba shi da lalacewa, gurɓataccen abu, sassa masu laushi da ƙanshi mara kyau. Dole ne a gudanar da rarrabuwa da zubar da hankali tare da kulawa ta musamman, saboda ruɓaɓɓen dankalin turawa na iya haifar da asarar adadi mai yawa na amfanin gona. dakin ajiyar dankalin turawa yakamata yayi duhu. Ana yin hadaya sau 2:
- bayan digging,
- bayan sati 3.
A cikin makonni 3 na girbi, girbi a cikin daki mai zafin jiki na 13-18 ℃. A hankali ya kamata a rage shi zuwa 4 ℃. A cikin cellar, za a adana dankali a cikin wannan tsarin zafin jiki. Hakanan, kuna buƙatar kiyaye yanayin zafi, ba ƙasa da 80-90%.
Kashi na karshe
Paparoma Lugovskoy aka zaba a Ukraine. Ya bambanta a cikin ingancin kulawa mai kyau, alamomi masu inganci. Mai jure wa cututtuka da yawa, irin su ciwon daji na dankalin turawa, scab, baƙar fata. An rarraba ko’ina cikin sararin bayan Tarayyar Soviet.
Iri-iri ya sami shahara ta musamman saboda rashin fa’ida ga abun da ke cikin ƙasa. Yana amsa da kyau ga zurfafa da zubewar ƙasa na yau da kullun da hadi. Babban amfani da nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i). A yau shi ne mafi mashahuri iri-iri a tsakanin masu zaman kansu da manyan gonaki. Bayanin ma’aunin inganci yana ba ku damar yin amfani da ra’ayi ko’ina don shirye-shiryen jita-jita daban-daban, ayyukan kasuwanci, gami da kera sitaci.
