Darajar Mordovia mai kaifin baki a matsayin shuka zuma –

Itacen zuma na Mordovnik na ƙwallon ƙafa shine tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara a cikin dangin Aster. Masu kiwon zuma sau da yawa suna kiwon wannan amfanin gona a kusa da apiaries don samun kwanciyar hankali da cin hancin tallafi. A cikin yanayi, ana samun ciyawa a kan gefuna na gandun daji da ciyayi na ciyayi na Caucasus. Akwai sunan da ba na kimiyya ba na al’ada, wanda ya fi yawa a tsakanin mutane: corral.

Abun cikin labarin

• 1 bayyanar
• 2 Agrotechnical
• 3 Yawan aikin zuma
• 4 Kaddarorin masu amfani

bayyanar

Mordovnik shuka zuma ce mai kaifi mai siffar zobe tare da rassa mai ƙarfi. Kowane reshe yana da ribbed kuma an rufe shi da gashi mai launin ruwan kasa.

Ciyawa na iya girma zuwa tsayin mita daya da rabi. Ana tattara furanninsa masu launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin manyan kwanduna masu kama da inflorescences. Ganyen spiny daban suna elongated, tare da bayyana siffar fuka-fuki.

Mordovnik na yau da kullun shine tsire-tsire wanda ke da tsari iri ɗaya, amma rassan rassansa da rauni, kuma tsayinsa ya kai santimita 30-80 kawai.

Agrotechnical

Don samun wannan ganyen zuma, masu kiwon zuma suna shuka shi a wuraren da ba a noma ba kusa da apiaries. Waɗannan na iya zama wurare masu dacewa a kan gangara, wuraren dazuzzuka, a cikin bushes, da sauran wuraren da ba dole ba.

Shuka ba shi da ma’ana, ba a buƙatar ƙoƙari na musamman don girma. Kusan kowane nau’in ƙasa sun dace da shuka zuma. Iyakar abin da ba ya jurewa shi ne matsanancin zafi na wurin. A wannan yanayin, akwai barazanar cewa tushen zai rube.

Don ingantaccen ci gaba, ana shuka ciyawa a cikin chernozem da ƙasa takin da yumbu. Ana zaɓin filayen da babu kowa inda aka noman masara, alkama ko dankali a baya.

Mordovnik Ball Head Honey Shuka Fasaha Noma:

1. Don samun asalin iri mai inganci a watan Agusta da Satumba, wajibi ne a tattara kwandunan ciyawa da aka kafa. Wannan dole ne a yi a hankali, kamar yadda inflorescences da sauri crumble bayan rabuwa da mai tushe!
2. Ana shuka al’ada a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa mai zafi sosai. Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar zafin jiki sune +10 zuwa +12 digiri.
3. Kafin shuka, ana haƙa ko noma da tarakta.
4. Idan wurin dasa shuki ya yi ƙanana, ana yin nests da hannu a nesa na 15-25 santimita. A tsaba da kansu suna gauraye da lafiya sawdust domin hadi.
5. Don shuka iri tare da mai noma ko mai shuka ta hannu, ana shuka ciyawa a cikin layuka biyu, yana barin jeri na santimita 30-75 a tsakanin su.

Amma ya kamata a lura cewa wannan hanya ba ta da tasiri, tun da tsaba an rufe su da gashi; A lokacin shukar inji, suna manne da juna kuma suna girma cikin tsibi. Ana bada shawarar shuka wannan shuka da hannu!

Don mafi kyawun ci gaban shukar zuma, ana shigar da superphosphates a cikin ƙasa akan nauyin kilo 50 a kowace hectare.

An shawarci masu adawa da takin mai magani su dasa muzzle a cikin cakuda tare da tsaba na phacelia (rabo na 8 zuwa 5). Phacelia yana girma da sauri kuma yana da kyau shuka gyare-gyare, amma mafi mahimmanci, yana wadatar da ƙasa tare da nitrogen, wajibi ne don ci gaban sauran amfanin gona.

Abubuwan Kulawa

Layukan suna raguwa bayan harbe na farko sun bayyana, a daidai lokacin da aka cire ciyawa. A cikin duk shekaru bayan girbi, ana yanke karan inci biyu sannan kuma ana kwance hanyoyin.

Akwai ‘yar dabara ga masu kiwon zuma. Idan an yanke dasa shuki na shekara ta biyu a cikin bazara, lokacin furanni zai motsa zuwa ƙarshen Agusta kuma a cikin Satumba. A yanzu, yankunan kudan zuma suna samun ƙarfi kafin lokacin sanyi.

Yawan aikin zuma

Mordovnik zuma shuka, blooming a cikin rabi na biyu na rani (Yuli – Agusta) a lokacin wata. A wannan lokacin, ƙudan zuma suna tattara farin pollen da nectar daga gare ta.

Yawan aiki na zuma ya dogara da yanayin yanayi. A cikin shekaru masu kyau, ana iya samun kilogiram 700 na nectar daga kadada ɗaya na shuka. Kuma a lokacin rani mai bushe, kawai har zuwa kilo 300. Amma a kowane hali, yawan zumar da ake samu a kasuwa yana da yawa don ɗaukar wannan shuka a matsayin shuka zuma mai daraja.

Mordovnik vulgaris yana fure a farkon watan Agusta kuma yana fure har zuwa makonni uku. Hakanan yana jan hankalin kudan zuma da kyau.

Kudan zuma na iya kawo kilogiram 340 na Nectar a kowace hekta a duk lokacin girbin zuma, kuma, a cikin shekaru marasa kyau, har zuwa 190.

Zuma tana da ɗanɗanon ɗanɗano mai daɗi da ƙamshi na fure. Yana da m, haske amber a launi, halin jinkirin crystallization.

Kaddarorin masu amfani

zumar da aka samu daga gonakin kwafsa yana da amfani ga:

• tare da migraines;
• a lokacin lokacin dawowa bayan ciwon zuciya;
• tare da cututtukan zuciya na haihuwa;
• tare da tsofaffin sclerosis;
• tare da sciatica da ciwon haɗin gwiwa;
• don daidaita hawan jini.

A matsayin tsire-tsire na zuma, snout yana da sauƙin kulawa, amma a lokaci guda yana da kyakkyawan tushen warkar da nectar da pollen.

Masu kiwon zuma a kudancin yammacin Siberiya, tsakiyar Rasha, Caucasus, tsakiyar Asiya da Ukraine ya kamata su kula da wannan al’ada. Bugu da ƙari, mordovnik yana ƙawata lambunan gida kuma ana iya dasa shi kusa da gidaje masu zaman kansu a matsayin lawn na ado.