Shuka tumatir tumatir ba tare da ƙasa ba hanya ce mai ban sha’awa don shuka tumatir. Wannan ba kawai tattali, amma kuma m ga shuke-shuke da kansu. An bayyana cikakken bayanin hanyar a cikin labarin.
Shuka tumatir tumatir ba tare da ƙasa ba
Halayen hanyar
Shuka shuka tumatir ba tare da ƙasa yana da fa’ida da rashin amfani ba.
Amfanin
Ajiye sarari. Tare da germination mara ƙasa, sarari mai yawa yana adana kuma babu buƙatar siyan kwantena don girma seedlings. Don haka, don samun nau’ikan matasa kusan ɗari, rabin sill ɗin taga kawai za a buƙaci.
Juriya na cututtuka – Tumatir da aka girma ta wannan hanyar suna haɓaka ingantaccen rigakafi ga cututtuka, musamman baƙar fata. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin cututtuka da cututtukan fungal suna samuwa a cikin ƙasa. Lokacin da tsaba da ƙasa suka lalace ba daidai ba, ƙananan tsire-tsire sun kamu da cutar kuma yin noma ba tare da ƙasa ba yana ba da damar guje wa hakan.
Yaran da aka girma tare da hanyar da ba ta da ƙasa ta noma suna da tushe mafi kyau idan aka dasa su cikin ƙasa.
Wannan hanya mai sauƙi ce, tana ba da saurin ci gaban seedling, kuma baya buƙatar hadaddun kulawa ga tsire-tsire matasa. Yana da sauƙin kulawa da tsire-tsire, a gare su ba lallai ba ne don shayar da su. Baya ga wannan, babu wani datti da ke tattare da motsin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin yanayin al’ada.
Kusan duk matasa seedlings lokacin girma ba tare da ƙasa tsira da girbi mataki, wanda aka za’ayi ba sau daya da kuma ga asthenia, amma a matakai. Yi zaɓi yayin da ake fitar da tsire-tsire, kuma tsaba waɗanda ba su riga sun girma ba suna ci gaba da kasancewa har sai lokacin da ya dace.
Ana iya kwatanta wannan hanyar da girma tumatir a hydroponics. A cikin duk manyan masana’antun masana’antu, tumatir suna girma ba a ƙasa ba (cakudadden ƙasa), amma a kan wani nau’in inert – ulu na ma’adinai ko cocovite. Substrate kanta gaba ɗaya ba ta da abubuwan gina jiki, ana ba su ga tsire-tsire tare da ruwan ban ruwa a cikin hanyar mafita.
Germination. Idan ba tare da ƙasa ba, ana iya girma seedlings har ma daga kayan iri da ya ƙare, saboda haka ƙimar germination na wannan hanyar ya fi girma na germination na al’ada.
disadvantages
- wannan hanyar ba ta dace da nau’in tumatir masu haske ba, yana raguwa idan ya girma,
- A wasu lokuta, an lura da wuce gona da iri na tsiron a kan tushe yayin da tushen tsarin ya kasance mara kyau.
Wannan hanya za a iya ba da shawarar kawai don ɗan gajeren lokaci namo na seedlings. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin tsaba da kansu akwai ƙaramin wadataccen abinci a cikin nau’in carbohydrates, kuma tsire-tsire suna rayuwa ba tare da ƙasa ba kawai a cikin kuɗin sa. Tsawon lokacin kulawa da seedlings ba tare da ƙasa ba ya wuce kwanaki 7-8.
Noma a cikin kwalba
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shuka tumatir ba tare da ƙasa ba, ɗaya daga cikinsu ita ce ta hanyar amfani da kwalban filastik maimakon kwandon da aka saba amfani da shi da takarda bayan gida maimakon abin da ake amfani da shi. A cikin wannan hanya, zaɓuɓɓukan girma guda biyu suna yiwuwa: a tsaye (a cikin rolls) da kuma a kwance (a cikin kwalban kwalba).
Hanyar tsaye
Don haɓakar ƙwayar tumatir a tsaye don seedlings kuna buƙatar:
- toilet paper,
- iri iri,
- cosmetic tweezers,
- kwalabe filastik da za a iya maye gurbinsu da kofuna na filastik ko buckets na mayonnaise,
- danko,
- Ginin ginin da aka yi amfani da shi don shimfiɗa laminate, maimakon shi zaka iya amfani da polyethylene.
- pallet ko akwati,
- jaka filastik.
Fasaha
Dole ne kwalabe su kasance a shirye don amfani
Da farko, shirya kwantena inda za a sanya tsaba, wanda suka yanke murfin kwalban filastik tare da wuyansa kuma su sami gilashi.
An yanke ginin ginin a cikin sassan 20-25 cm fadi da 50-70 cm tsayi. akan kowanne daga cikinsu zaka buƙaci saka 3-4 na takarda bayan gida, kowanne daga cikinsu an yayyafa shi da ruwa.
Domin saukaka feshin yadudduka na takarda, yi amfani da kwalbar feshi.
Yada tsaba tare da tweezers daya bayan daya game da 2 cm daga kasa da 5-6 cm tsakanin su. Kayan iri da aka shirya an rufe shi da ƙarin yadudduka na takarda bayan gida 3-4, waɗanda kuma ana fesa ruwa. An raunata tef ɗin akan bututu don kada ya matsa kuma an gyara shi tare da bandeji na roba.
Yana da mahimmanci kada a rikitar da saman da kasa na mirgina don tsaba su kasance a saman. Don yin wannan, zaku iya yin alama akan takarda.
Kowane akwati an rufe shi da filastik filastik a saman, tare da ramukan da aka riga aka yi don yaduwar iska. Don haka, ana haifar da tasirin greenhouse ga tsaba. Kowane akwati yana cike da ruwa zuwa matakin don kada tsaba su taɓa (har zuwa 1,5 cm) kuma a sanya su a kan tire a isasshe mai haske. Ana iya sa ran harbe na farko na kwanaki 4-7.
Hanyar kwance
Ya bambanta da na baya a cikin cewa an yanke kwalabe na filastik tsawon tsayi zuwa rabi. A cikin kowanne daya, sai a saka yayyage takardan bayan gida kanana a yayyafa su da ruwa. Ana sanya tsaba a cikin akwati a nesa na 2-3 cm, an rufe shi da wani Layer kuma an sake zubar da ruwa sosai.
Sawdust namo
Maimakon takarda bayan gida don noman tumatir mara kyau, ana iya amfani da sawdust. Rashin lahani na wannan hanyar shuka shine buƙatar lalata sawdust, wanda aka jiƙa a cikin raunin potassium permanganate mai rauni na minti 15-20, sannan a zuba shi da ruwan zãfi kuma a bar su don kumbura.
Fasaha
Sanitized Sawdust Ana naɗe shi a cikin akwati tare da Layer 15 cm. A cikin su, ana shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 1.5-2.0 cm, kiyaye nisa tsakanin su na 40-40 cm. Ana fesa amfanin gona da yawa da ruwa kuma an rufe su da filastik ko gilashin gilashi, an sanya su a wuri mai dumi da haske.
Abubuwan Kulawa
Lokacin da ake girma tumatir tumatir ba tare da ƙasa ba, an rage kula da matasan seedlings. zuwa mafi ƙarancin: zafi da rana kawai, babu shayarwa. A mataki na farko, ƙasa ƙasa ba lallai ba ne don tsire-tsire. Bukatar shuka tumatir a cikin ƙasa yana faruwa a cikin matakin nutsewa, lokacin da ganyen cotyledon suka haɓaka, da buƙatar takin, har sai bayyanar farkon harbe. ƙasa, ana iya ƙara shi cikin ruwa a cikin kwantena tare da buds humic acid. Ciyarwar ta biyu za ta zama dole lokacin da kasida ta farko ta bayyana.
Karba
Zai yiwu a tsoma tsire-tsire masu girma tare da ganye 2-3 da aka kafa. Don wannan dalili, ana buɗe rolls, yin shi tare da kulawa mai mahimmanci don kada ya lalata tushen. Tumatir da aka rabu da takarda za a iya dasa su a cikin kwantena daban tare da cakuda ƙasa, ƙin shuke-shuke masu rauni. Ana barin harbe-harbe marasa tasowa akan takarda don ƙarin girma kuma daga baya dasa.
