Irin wannan shuka mai ban sha’awa kamar dendrobium nobile ba zai iya yin nasara ba tare da kayan ado da alherinsa. Sabili da haka, wannan fure mai ban sha’awa shine abin da aka fi so a tsakanin masu lambu da yawa. A yau za mu gaya muku yadda ake yadawa, dasa dendrobium nobile a gida da kuma irin nau’in furen yana buƙatar kulawa.
Bayanin shuka Dendrobium Nobile da kulawarsa
Descripción
Wannan tsire-tsire ne na dangin Orchidaceae na shekara-shekara. A cikin yanayin yanayi, wannan furen yana tsiro akan bishiya, saboda haka sunan ‘dendrobium’, wanda ke nufin ‘zauna cikin bishiya’.
Ƙasar mahaifar wannan tsire-tsire mai ban sha’awa sune wurare masu zafi na Japan, Philippines, Australia, Oceania, China, da New Zealand.
A cikin yanayi, akwai nau’ikan nau’ikan sama da 1000 waɗanda suka bambanta da launi na petals, ganye, lokacin furanni da wurin furen fure.
Siffofin kulawa
Girman wannan nau’in orchids ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba kuma zai buƙaci wasu ƙwarewa da ilimi. Don girma lafiya, furen fure na ado, yana da mahimmanci a san yadda ake kula da shi.
Yanayin zafi
A cikin gida, nau’in thermophilic na orchid dendrobium nobile yana buƙatar tsarin zafin jiki na matsakaici:
- a lokacin rani a lokacin rana – 2-25 °, da dare – 15-20 °,
- a cikin hunturu a lokacin rana – a cikin 20 °, da dare – ba kasa da 17 ° ba.
Tsarin tsarin zafin jiki daban-daban ya dace da nau’ikan masu jure sanyi:
- A lokacin rani a lokacin rana – 15-18 °, da dare – game da 13 °.
- a cikin hunturu da rana – game da 11 °, da dare – game da 9 °.
Kunnen Dendrobium nobile shine abin da ake buƙata don furanni masu yawa da launuka.
Haskewa
Daga cikin dukkanin nau’o’in dangin orchid, wannan nau’in yana da sha’awar haske mai kyau.Don cikakken girma, ci gaba da furen dendrobium nobile, ana buƙatar hasken rana na sa’o’i 12. Yana da mahimmanci don kare kanka daga hasken rana kai tsaye, in ba haka ba ganye masu laushi da petals na shuke-shuke za su ƙone.
A lokacin rani, ana iya kawo tsire-tsire na cikin gida waje, zuwa lambun, ko zuwa baranda. A cikin hunturu, don samar da sa’o’in hasken rana na sa’o’i 12, ana haskaka tsire-tsire tare da hasken wucin gadi ta amfani da LEDs ko fitilu masu kyalli.
Watse
Tun da wannan furen ya fito ne daga wurare masu zafi, a gida kuna buƙatar samar da yanayin girma iri ɗaya. A cikin watanni masu zafi, dendrobium nobile yana buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai amma matsakaici don kawar da haɗarin rot. A lokacin barci, lokacin da shuka ya daina fure, ƙasa ba ta da yawa a cikin ruwa, sau ɗaya a wata.
Ana shayar da ruwa tare da dumi, ruwa mara kyau, saboda wannan shuka yana da tushe mai laushi kuma maras kyau. Ta hanyar shayar da ruwan sanyi, tushen tsarin yana yin sanyi kuma tsire-tsire sun fara ciwo.
Haushi
Mafi kyawun yanayin zafi na dendrobium nobile shine 55-80%. Samun irin waɗannan alamomi a gida yana da sauƙi. A lokacin rani, ya kamata a fitar da tsire-tsire a cikin iska kuma a fesa da kwalban fesa. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin lokacin barci, ana sanya tukunya tare da shuka a kan pallet tare da tsakuwa rigar.
Abincin
Kulawa a gida don dendrobium nobile orchid yana buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun, a cikin wannan yanayin ana ba da shawarar ware duk gwaje-gwaje tare da shirye-shiryen nasu na cakuda abinci ko bayani. Tun da wannan shuka yana da tushe mai laushi kuma idan akwai wuce haddi na abubuwan gina jiki, za su iya shan wahala mai tsanani. Ba koyaushe yana yiwuwa a farfado da shuka mai ƙonewa tare da ma’adanai ba.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa don dendrobium nobile orchid. Ciyarwar farko tana faruwa ne lokacin da tsire-tsire ke fara fure. Ana gudanar da abinci na biyu da na gaba kowane mako 3. A cikin tsari, ban ruwa da saman suturar dendrobium nobile sun haɗu don kawar da haɗarin ƙone tushen.
Matsakaicin girman suturar wannan shuka ana ɗaukar rabin abin da aka rubuta a cikin umarnin. Tun da taki mai yawan gaske na iya lalata tushen shuka.
Ana ba da shawarar ciyar da jinsuna masu son zafi da nau’ikan tare da shirye-shiryen phosphorus da potassium sau ɗaya a wata, ko da lokacin kwanciyar hankali a cikin hunturu. Waɗannan tsire-tsire za su fi wari kuma su yi fure sosai.
Ana haɗe nau’ikan sanyi-hardy tare da shirye-shirye masu ɗauke da nitrogen don haɓaka haɓakar kore.
Kula da samfuran furanni
Shuka blooms na dogon lokaci
Kowane dendrobium yana fure a cikin lokaci daban-daban na shekara kuma yana daga makonni 8 zuwa 12. Ba shi da wahala a kula da samfurin fure, babban abu shine a tuna da wasu dokoki:
- Lokacin shirya tsire-tsire don wannan muhimmin mataki, wajibi ne don tabbatar da bambancin zafin jiki na 6 zuwa 7 ° duka a rana da dare. Wannan lamari ne na dabi’a a cikin yanayi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa masu shuka furanni suma suke ƙoƙarin haifuwa a gida.
- An daina shayar da shuka na ɗan lokaci don ya yi fure kuma sabon harbe ya girma. Sannan ana cigaba da shayarwa. Da zaran sabon kara ya kai tsayin tsohon pseudobulbs, shuka ya daina shayarwa kuma ana saukar da zazzabi na abun ciki zuwa 12 °. Ba za ku iya ruwa ba har sai kun saki furannin furanni. In ba haka ba, maimakon furanni, shuka zai sami yara.
Irin wannan kulawa ga dendrobium nobile orchid a lokacin lokacin furanni ana gudanar da shi a cikin hunturu.
Siffofin kulawa bayan flowering
Furen dendrobium nobile, wanda ya daina fure, a hankali yana daina shayarwa. An yanke kututturen furen kuma an canza tukunyar da shuka zuwa wuri mai sanyi, duhu. A wannan lokacin, lokacin hutu yana farawa. A cikin irin wannan yanayi, zai huta kuma ya shirya don sabon flowering.
A karkashin yanayi na yanayi, irin wannan furen ba shi da lokacin barci: kullum yana tsiro ganye, buds ko weeds tare da yara. A cikin latitudes ɗinmu, a lokacin hunturu, kwanaki kaɗan ne (yana yin duhu kuma ya yi duhu da wuri). Saboda haka, shuka zai iya yin hibernate kuma ya daina girma gaba daya. Don guje wa wannan, kuna buƙatar samar da cikakken jadawalin hasken rana.Wannan zai buƙaci hasken wucin gadi. Ana shigar da fitilar a nesa na 0.5 m daga tukunya kuma ana kunna shi da safe da maraice.
Dokokin dasawa
Orchid dendrobium nobile ba ya yarda da tsarin dasawa. Amma sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3, tsiron yana yin cunkoso a cikin tsohuwar akwati kuma yana buƙatar dasa shi kawai.
Dasawa da nau’ikan da furanni ke faruwa a cikin fall ana aiwatar da su tare da farkon girma na ƙananan harbe. Ana dasa nau’ikan da suka yi fure a cikin bazara bayan sun bushe gaba ɗaya.
An dasa shuka a cikin akwati mai zurfi 2-3 cm fiye da na baya. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da tukunyar filastik ko tukunyar katako. Danshi sosai kafin dasawa.
Ana sanya duwatsu 2-3 a cikin kasan akwati, wanda zai tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tukunyar. Sa’an nan kuma an shimfiɗa magudanar ruwa na kumfa ko yumbu mai faɗi. An dage farawa babban ɓawon burodi: 2 cm. Sannan na dasa dendrobium nobile ta hanyar juyar da coma ta ƙasa. A sama ƙara sabon ƙasa daga shagon. Haɗin abinci mai gina jiki ya ƙunshi kwakwalwan kwakwa, haushin Pine, gawayi, da gansakuka sphagnum.
Hanyoyin yadawa
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don girma furanni na cikin gida na wannan iri-iri a gida. Bari mu yi la’akari da kowace hanya daki-daki.
Yankan
Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, yaduwa ta hanyar dendrobium nobile ta hanyar yankan ya kasance nasara mai kyau. Don samun yankan, kuna buƙatar zaɓar pseudobulb mai lafiya da ƙarfi akan shuka. Raba shi daga shukar mahaifa kuma a yanka shi cikin yankan 10 cm. Yanke a cikin kowane yanki dole ne a sarrafa shi. Wannan zai hana kamuwa da cuta da ci gaban cututtuka a cikin tsire-tsire masu zuwa.
Ana sanya yankan a cikin jakar filastik bayyananne tare da gansakuka sphagnum (harbi 2 a kowace jaka). Ana rufe jakunkuna ta hanyar hermetically kuma ana adana su a cikin zafin jiki (22-24 °) a ƙarƙashin hasken rana. A kullum suna bukatar a sanya musu iska a sanya ido don kada su bushe. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya fesa gansakuka sphagnum daga bindigar feshi.
Idan an kiyaye duk dokokin ajiya, to bayan kimanin makonni 3 za a saki tushen farko. Bayan haka, ana iya dasa su a cikin sabbin tukwane ta amfani da substrate iri ɗaya kamar lokacin dasawa.
Yadawa ta hanyar yankan yana ba da damar samun sabon shuka wanda zai samar da furen fure na farko shekaru 2-3 bayan shuka.
Yankin daji na mahaifa
Ana yin haifuwa a cikin yara bayan shuka ya bushe, yayin dasawa. Ana cire tsarin tushen daga tukunyar, tushen ya kwance. Yanke sashin da ke da wuyar kwancewa. Ya kasu kashi da dama. Kowane delenka dole ne ya kasance yana da aƙalla ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya da kwararan fitila 2. Ana yayyafa wuraren yankan da itacen toka kuma ana shafawa da var.
Yada delenki daban a cikin abinci mai gina jiki da na duniya wanda aka tsara musamman don orchids na cikin gida.
Cututtuka
Sai kawai tare da kulawa mai kyau furen yana fure
Saboda kulawa mara kyau, waɗannan furanni na cikin gida sukan yi rashin lafiya kuma kwari masu cutarwa suna shafar.
Fusarium ya bushe
Mafi hatsari kuma na kowa cuta shine fusarium. Babban dalilinsa shine kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. Parasitic microbes sun shiga zurfin cikin ganyen tsire-tsire da nama mai tushe, suna shafar tsarin jijiyoyin jini. A sakamakon haka, shuka ya fara bushewa, bushewa, kuma ya mutu.
Dalilan wakili mai haddasawa:
- kasa gishiri,
- yawan zubar ruwa na kasa.
- ban ruwa da ruwan sanyi,
- Ƙara yawan abun ciki na peat a cikin ƙasa yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban microflora na pathogenic, ciki har da naman gwari.
Furen da abin ya shafa an keɓe. Ana aiwatar da farfadowa kamar haka: an yanke sassan da suka lalace da bushewa da wuka kuma a bi da su tare da aidin ko kore mai haske. Bayan haka, ana gudanar da magani gabaɗaya na shuka naman gwari tare da shirye-shiryen Fundazol ko Benomil.
Digon digo a kan foliage
Dalilan bayyanar droplets a kan tsire-tsire na iya zama daban-daban:
- watering ba na yau da kullun ba,
- yawan abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa,
- kare kai daga cutarwa kwari.
Akwai wani dalili kuma ɗigon ɗigon ruwa yana bayyana akan ganyen orchid: yana yiwuwa wannan samfuri ne Muhimmin ayyuka na parasites. Idan asu bebe ya jingina kansa ga irin wannan velcro, ba za a iya hana cuta irin su powdery mildew ba.
Da farko wani ƙura mai kyau ya bayyana akan foliage, sannan ganyen ya zama baki. Tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da mildew powdery ana bi da su da maganin kwari: Actellik ko Aktara.
Karin kwari
Baya ga cututtuka, wannan furen na cikin gida yana da kwari waɗanda ba za su iya jinkirta girma kawai ba, hana furanni, amma kuma suna haifar da mutuwar furen cikin gida:
- Thrips. Buga saman farko, sannan kasan zanen gado. Ganyen da suka kamu da thrips sun zama launin toka ko azurfa. Idan ba ku ɗauki matakin da ya dace ba, ganyen ya faɗi gaba ɗaya. Don maganin warkewa, ana amfani da maganin kashe kwari.
- Sikeli. Waɗannan kwari ne masu kama da farantin launin ruwan kasa. Suna zama a saman ganyen, suna shiga cikin kyallen jikinsu suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace. Da farko, ganyen ya zama rawaya, sannan ya bushe ya ruguje. Ana aiwatar da aikin tare da maganin Actellik da maganin sabulu.
- Whitefly: Wani asu da ke zaune a kasan ganyen shima yana yin ƙwai a wuri ɗaya. Kwayoyin cuta suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ganyen tsire-tsire, sakamakon haka ganyen ya zama rawaya, sannan ya yi baki, ya bushe kuma ya faɗi.
Wahalolin girma
Sau da yawa shi ne sanadin cutar. da parasites a kan wannan shuka ne jahilci da wanda bai kai ba kula:
- Tushen ganyen ya zama rawaya saboda yawan hasken rana ko cin abinci tare da takin mai magani,
- bushewa da zubar da ganyen yana faruwa ne sakamakon yawan shayarwa ko rashin lokaci yayin hasken rana,
- watering tare da ruwan sanyi yana haifar da rushewar tsarin tushen da ci gaban cututtuka: rot rot,
- Saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki, furanni suna daina girma kuma suna daina fure.
Mafi kyau da sababbin iri
B A halin yanzu, dendrobium nobile orchid yana da nau’ikan furanni masu ado da yawa waɗanda suka sami shahara sosai tsakanin masu shuka furanni:
- Kumiko. Wannan nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i ne, kimanin 12-13 cm tsayi. Ganyen suna da fata, duhu kore, Trunks-pseudo-kifi. A kan peduncle ɗaya, ana samun furanni har 10. Faren dusar ƙanƙara-fari tare da kodadde ruwan hoda gefuna. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana girma sosai kuma na dogon lokaci (kimanin makonni 12).
- Irene tayi murmushi. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da mai tushe mai nama, pseudobulbs, da foliage mai kauri. Tsayin furen yana da kusan 50 cm. Furannin furanni da yawa suna samuwa akan kowane reshen furen. Furanni sune fari-lilac, rawaya makogwaro, bakin ciki mai ƙanshi mai daɗi. Furen furanni sau ɗaya a shekara, tsawon lokaci: makonni 1.
- Apollo. Tsawon matasan da ya kai 70 cm tsayi. Ganyen suna da yawa, duhu kore, fata. Trunks-pseudobulbs suna da nama. Blooms profusely tare da fararen furanni tare da rawaya makogwaro. Yana samar da peduncles da yawa. Kimanin buds 10 an kafa su akan reshen fure. Tsawon lokacin flowering shine makonni 10-12. Yana fure sau ɗaya a shekara.
- Orange ko orange. Tsawon tsire-tsire masu tsayi – 55 cm tsayi. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana samar da har zuwa 3 peduncles. Furen suna rawaya ko orange. Flowering yana faruwa sau ɗaya a shekara kuma yana ɗaukar makonni 8-10.
- Mai daraja. Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun nau’in nau’i mai ban sha’awa tare da fararen furanni da ratsan shunayya a kan petals. Ganyayyaki-pseudobulbs suna da girma, ganyen kore ne, fata. Tsayin shuka: 50-55 cm. Fitowa na 1 zuwa 3 peduncles. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana iya yin fure sau 2-3 a shekara.
ƙarshe
Tare da kulawa mai kyau na dendrobium nobile a gida, shuka yana jin daɗin foliage na ado, fure da bakin ciki mai daɗin ƙanshi.
