Duk wani mai lambu ya san cewa don girbi mai kyau kowane amfanin gona yana buƙatar ciyar da shi, don haka tumatur iri ɗaya ne. Domin tushen tsarin ya ci gaba da kyau, don ci gaba da girma kuma ovaries su bayyana a lokaci, dole ne a ciyar da tumatir. A yau za mu yi magana game da yadda za a takin tumatir tare da nitrate, gano dalilin da yasa yawancin lambu suka fi son wannan hadi na musamman, da kuma yadda za a takin tumatir da nitrate yadda ya kamata.
Tumatir shayar da gishiri
Amfanin saltpeter
Dole ne a ce ciyar da tumatir tare da gishiri yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ci gaban shuka da bayyanar ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Duk da haka, domin taki ba zai cutar da shi ba, amma don amfana, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar magani mai dacewa, ƙididdige adadin daidai kuma samar da taki daidai akan lokaci. Abubuwan da ke tattare da takin tumatir shine cewa dole ne a samar da shi gaba daya a duk matakan girma.
Yawancin lambu suna amfani da takin gargajiya, wato, takin gargajiya, don waɗannan dalilai. Koyaya, irin wannan zaɓin zai tilasta muku ku ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a cikin lambun, saboda zaku jira har sai takin ya girma, ku zauna a kan ɗigon ruwa, toka ash ko raba whey. A halin yanzu, ƙwararrun lambu suna ba da shawarar barin waɗannan hanyoyin a cikin nesa mai nisa, tunda ana iya amfani da abubuwan ma’adinai don abinci, waɗanda suka fi sauƙi kuma mafi araha don amfani.
A yau, gishirin tumatir ya fi shahara. Ana iya sayan shi ba tare da matsala ba a cikin kantin sayar da kayan aiki na musamman don masu lambu, da kuma akan shafukan Intanet. Yana da kyau a faɗi cewa zaɓi na ƙarshe ya fi dacewa, tun da taki nan da nan zai isa wurin da ake nufi, wanda zai cece ku lokaci mai yawa.
Halaye da nau’ikan nitrate
Yana da kyau a ambaci cewa akwai nau’ikan nitrate da yawa, wato:
- Ammonium
- Calcio
- Sodium
- Potash, da dai sauransu.
Bugu da kari ga babban subspecies, a can ne Saltpeter wadãtar da duk wani nau’i na microelements cewa la’akari da bukatun daya ko fiye daban-daban al’adu a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba. Ko da yake nitrate ma’adinai ne, amma yana dauke da nitrate, don haka yana da mahimmanci a bi ka’idodin da aka ba da shawarar don kada ya shafi ingancin tumatir. A taƙaice kwatanta rawar nitrate, ana iya kwatanta shi azaman ƙarin samar da nitrogen, a cikin wannan yanayin tumatir.
Mun bayyana kowane nau’in nitrate:
Brand B Ammonium Nitrate
Irin wannan nau’in yana da matukar dacewa don amfani a cikin gidajen da ba su bambanta ba a manyan wurare. Mafi dacewa don amfanin gona da ke buƙatar nitrogen, wato, dace da ciyar da tumatir.
Ammonium nitrate tare da lemun tsami.
Ana sayar da shi a cikin foda, abun da ke ciki yana da wadata sosai, akwai potassium, calcium da magnesium. Duk da haka, ba za a iya cewa wannan takin ba yana da lahani saboda gaskiyar cewa ammonium nitrate nitrate yana dauke da man fetur, wanda ya kasance a cikin ƙasa na dogon lokaci, yana lalata amfanin gona. Ba a so a yi taki da ciyar da tumatir tare da irin wannan nitrate.
Calcium nitrate
Ana iya amfani da sinadarin nitrate a bushe
Calcium nitrate ga tumatir ana sayar da su a bushe da ruwa nau’i, na karshen yana da sunansa: ammonized calcium nitrate, daya daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni shi ne cewa bayani ba ya ƙara da acidity na ƙasa, kamar yadda yakan faru a lokacin da taki.
Magnesium nitrate
Ana amfani da Magnesium nitrate sau da yawa don takin tumatir da sauran kayan lambu. lafiyayyen amfanin gona har ma da legumes. Ayyukansa shine yana inganta photosynthesis, amma yana iya zama mafi tasiri idan aka haɗa shi da calcined nitrate.
Amintaccen sinadarin potassium
Ana amfani da sinadarin potassium nitrate lokacin da shuka ko amfanin gona ba su jure wa sinadarin chlorine a cikin ƙasa ba, tumatir ma suna cikin wannan nau’in. Yin amfani da potassium nitrate, yana yiwuwa a ƙara rigakafi na shuka, da kuma inganta ikon tushen tsarin don shayar da danshi daga ƙasa.
Sodium nitrate
Amma ga sodium nitrate, an wadatar da shi a cikin sodium, wanda ya fito fili daga sunan taki, da nitrogen. Yana da kyau a nemi tumatir a lokacin lokacin girma na amfanin gona. Yawancin lokaci ana bada shawara don kawo shi a ƙasa a cikin kaka, zai fi dacewa a kan ƙasa na solonetzica. An haramta shi sosai don amfani da shi a cikin yanayin greenhouse, wannan zai zama cutarwa ga amfanin gona.
Akwai kuma wannan nitrate, wanda a kowane hali ba za a iya amfani da shi don tumatir da cucumbers ba, yana da nitrate mai laushi tare da ammonia don tumatir. Gabaɗaya, wannan ba taki ba ne, ba za a iya amfani da shi ba saboda fashewa.
Daga bayanan da ke sama za mu iya yanke shawarar cewa taki mafi dacewa ga tumatir shine nitrate tare da alli nitrate, da ammonia. saltpeter, za mu yi magana game da su dalla-dalla.
Amfanin alli nitrate taki
Abu na farko da za a ce game da fa’idodin hanyar ciyar da nitrate na calcium:
- Wannan abincin yana inganta photosynthesis, wanda ke shafar shuka gaba ɗaya.
- Calcium nitrate yana inganta kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar ganye, yana ba ku damar hanzarta girbin tumatir.
- Yin amfani da takin tumatir akan lokaci tare da calcium nitrate zai shafi yawan hawan tsaba
- Bayan amfani da shi, tsarin tushen yana haɓaka da sauri, tushen ya girma
- Tumatir ya zama ƙasa da sauƙi ga lalacewa daga ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran kwari
- Lokacin ciyar da wannan nitrate, shuka yana jure sanyi mafi kyau, yana da daraja la’akari da cewa tumatir baya jure wa canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki, wanda ya isa sau da yawa ziyarci Rasha.
Bugu da ƙari, masu lambu suna lura cewa bayan girbi ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna riƙe da gabatarwar su na tsawon lokaci, wanda ya kara tsawon rayuwar shiryayye kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar shiryayye. A matsakaita, alamun aiki suna ƙaruwa da 15-20%.
Duk da m jerin abũbuwan amfãni, akwai undeniable hasara, wanda shi ne cikakken zama dole a sani kafin amfani da alli nitrate ga tumatir. Rashin bin ka’idodin takin ƙasa, yawanci yana ƙarƙashin wuce haddi na alli nitrate, na iya lalata tushen tsarin sosai, saboda wannan dalili ya zama dole a bi umarnin don amfani.
Aikace-aikacen takin Seedling
Nitrate spraying yana da tasiri mai amfani akan ci gaban shuka
Irin wannan nau’in nitrate yana da kyau don ciyar da nitrate zuwa seedlingsan tumatir. Kyakkyawan fasalin wannan takin shine cewa yana dauke da nitrogen, wanda ya zama dole don farkon germination na seedlings, akwai kuma calcium, wanda aikinsa ya kasance a tushen, kuma yana da tasiri mai amfani akan metabolism a cikin amfanin gona. gaba ɗaya. Idan calcium bai isa ba a cikin ƙasa, to, amfanin gona yana haifar da ‘ya’yan itace mafi muni, wato, tumatir suna girma daga baya.
Tun da tumatir yana buƙatar taki mai rikitarwa, hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta ciyar da ita ita ce maganin nitrate. Wannan hanya kuma ta dace saboda ana iya narkar da nitrate calcium cikin sauƙi cikin ruwa don ƙarin shayarwa ko fesa. Ya kamata a ce cewa alli nitrate tare da alli nitrate a cikin wani hali bai kamata a hade tare da ma’adinai da takin mai magani kamar sulfur da phosphorus, wannan kashi aka nuna a cikin umarnin da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Yin amfani da takin nitrate tumatur yana nuna cewa maganin calcium nitrate na farko na tumatir ya kamata ya faru a lokacin da aka samar da ganyen farko a cikin adadin guda 2-3 akan shuka, yawanci suna bayyana bayan kwanaki 7-10 bayan sake dasa. Don takin ƙasa a matakin seedling, kuna buƙatar narke 20 ml na maganin a cikin lita goma na ruwa. 10 grams za su buƙaci 10 grams). Sakamakon sakamakon ana bi da shuka don kada ya ƙone ganye, wato, ana shayar da ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushen. Ba a cire aikace-aikacen busassun taki ba, idan kun sayi calcium nitrate a cikin foda, to, daidai 10 grams na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata a ƙara zuwa kowane tumatir da kyau.
Calcium nitrate taki bayan dasawa
Bayan an sanya tsire-tsire tumatir ko kokwamba a cikin greenhouses, ƙasa dole ne a yi takin ta hanyar fesa kitsen mai. A nan ya zama dole a bi umarnin miyagun ƙwayoyi don kada ya haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya gyarawa ga al’ada ba. Idan kun wuce adadin da aka ba da shawarar, akwai haɗarin cewa tsire-tsire za su mutu.
Umurnin sun ce don fesa tumatir da calcium nitrate, kuna buƙatar foda na calcium kashi ɗaya, wato, kuna buƙatar narkar da gram 100 na busassun nitrate a cikin lita goma na ruwa. don ƙara fesa ko shayar da shuka. Wannan magani zai taimaka kare tumatir daga parasites (slugs, mites, da blossom karshen rot).
Yana da kyau a bayyana cewa ana bada shawarar yin amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen a cikin noman greenhouse, wanda ke da yawa a Rasha, kafin flowering, yana da tasiri mai kyau akan yawan amfanin shuka. tabbatar da cewa har sai an yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a ko’ina, yana rufe dukkan koren yanki, ana kiran wannan mataki foliar ciyar da tumatir tare da calcium nitrate.
Ana gudanar da magani na farko daga rana ta goma zuwa rana ta goma sha biyu bayan shuka, bayan haka ana maimaita kowane makonni 1-2 har sai ovaries ya bayyana. Nan da nan bayan wannan batu, an daina wannan magani, saboda nitrates yakan taru, wanda zai iya zama haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam.
Ciyarwar Nitrate a lokacin samuwar tumatir
Calcium nitrate, kunshe a cikin bayanin nitrate wajibi ne don samar da kyakkyawan ovary. Don shirya bayani don ciyar da tumatir tare da calcium nitrate a wannan mataki, kuna buƙatar abubuwan da ke biyowa:
- 10 lita na ruwa
- Liquid taki – rabin lita
- Calcium nitrate bushe foda – 20 grams
Calcium nitrate yana inganta samuwar ovaries
Wannan matakin yana da mahimmanci musamman ga ƙasa waɗanda aka rarraba da nauyi, bayan sarrafa iskar oxygen ta shiga cikin ƙasa mafi kyau, wanda ke inganta ingantaccen tushen shuka. Idan nitrogen bai isa ba, za ku iya ganin hoton da ke gaba: ganye ya zama bakin ciki, furanni crumble, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna daure mara kyau, kuma tumatir suna da ƙananan kuma suna kallon maras kyau. Bugu da ƙari, akwai alamar alamar rashin lafiya. nitrogen , wanda ke magana akan rashin nitrogen, wannan launin ja ne na ganye. Idan kun lura da wannan alamar, ya kamata ku aiwatar da gaggawa gaggawa, ku zuba shuka tare da maganin nitrate, a baya narke 10 grams na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin lita 10 na ruwa.
Da yake magana game da maganin da aka tsara, za ku ɗauki rabin lita na maganin nitrate ga kowane daji na tumatir. Ya kamata a ce ko da aikace-aikacen taki guda ɗaya zai taimaka wa kayan lambu su kasance cikakke kuma sabo.
Ya kamata a ce a nan yana da mahimmanci kada a cinye kayan lambu, tun da shuka zai iya mutuwa daga daji don amsa irin wannan kuskure. Yawancin lokaci tsarin yana farawa tare da girma na ciyayi, sa’an nan kuma ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu samuwa suna fashe. Idan muka yi magana game da kurakurai, yana da kyau a ciyar da tumatir fiye da yin shi fiye da al’ada.
Ciyar da tumatir tare da ammonium nitrate
Baya ga ciyar da sinadarin calcium nitrate, ana yawan amfani da ammonium nitrate. Don shirya bayani don ƙasa, kuna buƙatar gram 10 na busassun taki, da kuma 2 tablespoons. toka, duk wannan ana narkar da shi a cikin ruwa lita biyar, wannan adadin za a buƙaci kowace murabba’in mita na ƙasa. Ya kamata a ce irin wannan magani ya kamata ya kasance na lokaci-lokaci, ya kamata a maimaita kowane mako biyu, sannan tabbatar da zafi da ruwa, wannan zai taimaka wajen shayar da duk abubuwa masu amfani. Kamar yadda aka rubuta a baya a cikin bayanin shirye-shiryen, calcium nitrate. Dole ne a yi shayarwa sosai a ƙasa da tushen don kada ya lalata ganye, ban da ruwan foliar.
Abun da ke tattare da ammonium nitrate don tumatir shima yana ɗaukar kasancewar nitrogen, baya yin takin ƙasa da 30% Amfani da ammonium nitrate ana bada shawarar kawai a farkon, wato, a matakin seedling. Sau da yawa, don haɓaka sakamako, an ƙara potassium zuwa bayani (adadinsa daidai yake da abun ciki na nitrate kanta), da magnesium (kimanin gram 20 da lita 10 na ruwa). Ya kamata a ce bangaren na karshe yana taimakawa wajen kara yawan ‘ya’yan tumatir, yana taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna da yawa da kuma m.
Farashin saltpeter na tumatir
Calcium nitrate taki ne mai araha, farashinsa yana ba da damar yin amfani da shi ga mutane masu samun kudin shiga daban-daban da kuma girman tattalin arzikin.
Har ila yau yana da daraja a ce ana amfani da shi ba da tsada sosai. Kimanin kilogiram ɗaya na taki za a buƙaci a kowace murabba’in murabba’in mita ɗari, tun da adadin abinci mai gina jiki na ma’adinai ya kai gram 20 a kowace murabba’in mita na lambun.
