Halayen nau’in tumatir na Japan –

Duk wanda ke da ƙasarsa, ko da ƙarami, yana ƙoƙarin shuka ta sosai tare da amfanin gona mai yawan gaske. Kuma zaɓin waɗannan al’adu iri ɗaya ya dogara ne akan halayen yanayi. Daga cikin dukkan sauran, tumatir na Japan ya shahara sosai, saboda yana da halaye masu kyau, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake amfani da shi don yin jita-jita iri-iri, ciki har da karkatarwa don hunturu.

Halayen nau’in tumatir na Japan

Característica

Ɗaya daga cikin fa’idodin ‘Jafananci’ iri-iri shine cewa ya dace da mazauna yankin kudu, inda ake shuka shi a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, da masu shuka kayan lambu masu matsakaicin girma. da kuma gefuna na arewa inda ake noman tumatur a cikin lambuna ko kuma a cikin greenhouses.A cewar masana, wannan nau’in ba shi da aibu, don haka ko mafari na iya jurewa nomansa.

Bayanin iri-iri

Tumatir ‘Jafananci’ nau’in tsiro ne, amfanin gona mai yawan gaske, an yi nufinsa ne don noman greenhouse kawai.

Tsire-tsire masu nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) wanda ba shi da hani mai girma, don haka yana girma a cikin greenhouses fiye da watanni 10-12. Yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci sama da watanni 3 daga lokacin shuka zuwa farkon girbi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa wannan nau’in, kamar kaguwar Jafananci, an haɗa shi cikin rukunin tsakiyar kakar.

Bayanin daji

Shuka yana girma har zuwa 180 cm a cikin bude ƙasa, kuma a cikin greenhouse tsayin tumatir ya ɗan fi girma, a matsakaici daga 2 zuwa 2.2 m. Dajin yana da matsakaicin matsakaici, tare da yalwar kore mai yawa, ganyen suna da girma tare da launin Emerald mai arziki. A lokacin girma, shuka yana buƙatar bandeji na roba don tallafawa shi. Ana samun mafi girman yawan amfanin ƙasa bayan shuka ya zama cikin mai tushe 1 ko 2.

Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace

Halin ‘ya’yan itace zai taimaka wa lambu don tabbatar da cewa yana da kyau sosai. da iri-iri masu daraja girma kamar yadda za a iya amfani da shi don ƙarin sarrafawa. Tushen ‘Jafananci’ tumatir yana da bayanin kamar haka:

1. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da siffar zuciya tare da kaifi mai kaifi, dan kadan ribbed, suna da bakin ciki amma fata mai yawa, wanda ke tabbatar da lafiyar ‘ya’yan itace.
2. A cikin yanayin balaga na fasaha, suna da ɗan ƙaramin emerald, da zaran tsarin ripening ya fara, tumatir narke mai zurfi launin rasberi.
3. ‘Ya’yan itãcen wannan iri-iri suna da girma sosai, tare da matsakaicin nauyin 350-500 gr., Kuma a cikin ƙananan rassan tumatir sun fi girma.
4. Itacen itace mai nama ne, mai daɗi sosai, tare da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi da ɗanɗano mai daɗi da ɗanɗano.
5. Ya ƙunshi sucrose da sauran sinadaran lafiya. Abubuwan da ake ganowa da ma’adanai suna sa tumatir su kasance masu amfani da gina jiki.
6. Babban yawan aiki, a cikin goga na iya tare da cikakke don tumatir 7-9.

Wannan nau’in yana da kyau don amfani duka danye kuma don appetizers, biredi, miya, ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, dankalin turawa, jita-jita masu zafi da jita-jita. Don haka, kuna iya danganta wannan tumatir zuwa nau’in ‘duniya’. Bayan haka, canning kuma yana yiwuwa, tumatir suna da kyau musamman a cikin nau’in pickled.

Halayen girma seedlings

Bayan watanni biyu, ana iya dasa seedlings

Tun da wannan nau’in matsakaici ne, don haka farkon shuka tsaba ya faɗi a farkon rabin Maris, don kwanaki 60-65 kafin lokacin shuka shuka, ko dai a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin bude ƙasa. Dole ne mai shuka kayan lambu ya sarrafa dukkan tsari don samun lafiya da ƙarfi seedlings.

Shirye-shiryen iri da dasa shuki

Wannan nau’in ya fi son haske, ƙasa mai gina jiki, don haka ya kamata ku ƙara ƙasa turf zuwa ƙasan lambun lambun, kazalika da kwayoyin (humus) da inorganic (ash ash, superphosphates). Kafin shuka iri, dole ne a shafe su, saboda wannan zaka iya amfani da ruwan ‘ya’yan Aloe da aka matse, wanda kuma zai zama kyakkyawan haɓakar haɓaka. Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, an yi ƙaramin zurfafawa, an ba da izinin zurfin zurfin 2 cm. Bayan dasa shuki, ana shayar da ƙasa da ruwan dumi kuma an rufe shi da filastik.

Kulawar sprout

nasara, kuna buƙatar kula da kwanciyar hankali zazzabi da haske mai kyau. Da zaran ƙananan harbe sun bayyana, ya kamata a motsa kwantena na seedling zuwa wurin da akwai haske mai yawa. Idan yankin yana da yawan adadin kwanakin girgije, kuna buƙatar kula da fitilun fitilu masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka dace da aikin. Ƙarƙashin yanayi ɗaya ne kawai al’adun za su ci gaba bisa ga al’ada kuma ba tare da sabawa ba.

Dasa shuki

Lokacin da ganyen farko na shuka ya bayyana, ana tsoma su cikin ƙananan kwantena, suna gabatar da hadadden taki da ruwa.

Wasu suna tunanin a wannan lokacin a gaba, shuka tsaba a cikin tukwane na peat, sannan shuka ba ta buƙatar karu, ana iya dasa su kai tsaye a cikin wannan akwati a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, don haka tushen zai kasance cikakke. Abin da ke da mahimmanci shine a taurare tsire-tsire, a cikin waɗannan makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki, ana fitar da harbe a cikin iska kuma a bar su na tsawon minti 20, bayan kwanaki 7 ana maimaita hanya, amma ana barin seedlings a cikin iska a cikin yini. . Ana yin dasa shuki a cikin lambun a farkon watan Mayu (a cikin greenhouses) ko a farkon lokacin rani a cikin ƙasa. Don murabba’in murabba’in mita 1, ana bada shawarar shuka tumatir 3 ko 4. Bayan dasa shuki, dole ne a ɗaure bushes zuwa tallafi. Ya kamata a samar da tsire-tsire a cikin 1 zuwa 2 mai tushe, don haka an kawar da matakai na gefe gaba daya, to, tumatir za su iya samun nauyin da ya dace.

Taki

Ana sarrafa kowane rami da takin lokacin shuka ko dai itacen toka ko takin ma’adinai. Don samun girbi mai yawa, ya zama dole ga mai samarwa don bugu da žari takin shuka tare da hadadden taki. A lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, yana da kyau cewa ya ƙunshi kawai abubuwan da aka gyara, to, wannan ba zai shafi dandano ta kowace hanya ba.

Watse

Shayar da tsire-tsire kamar yadda ake bukata

Masu shuka kayan lambu na gefen kudu, kuna buƙatar kula da wannan batu a hankali, saboda waɗannan su ne kawai yankunan da ke fama da rashin ruwan sama. Amma a lokaci guda, ba za ku iya cika bushes ba don kada tushen tsarin ya fara korar. daga babban adadin danshi. Yana da kyau ga lokacin girma don ruwa sau da yawa a mako. A lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, wannan adadin yana ƙaruwa zuwa sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 2.

Cututtuka da kwari

Ɗaya daga cikin fa’idodin shuka shine cewa yana da tsayayya ga manyan cututtuka. Duk da haka, Tumatir na iya kamuwa da wasu tsire-tsire, don guje wa ɓarkewar launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka, wanda ke lalata tumatur da tsire-tsire ko ciyawa masu bushe tumatir, ya kamata a yi taka tsantsan.

Binciken

Bayanin ya ce mai samarwa baya buƙatar yin manipulations masu rikitarwa. Abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne cewa ana yin taka-tsantsan da ake yi akan lokaci kuma a fili bisa ka’ida. Gabaɗayan tsarin ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

1. Kyakkyawan bayani zai kasance lokacin da mai lambu ya ciyar da ƙasa. Wato, ba a ba da shawarar shuka tumatir a wurin da dankali, aubergines ko barkono ya kasance a baya ba. Yana da kyau cewa abubuwan da suka riga sun kasance: karas, kabeji ko legumes.
2. Idan wurin girma shine greenhouse, ana canza saman saman ƙasa kowace kakar, ban da wannan, zubar da shi tare da bayani na jan karfe sulfate ko potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).
3. Dole ne a sami iska mai iska, cire ciyawa.
4. Phytospore shine kyakkyawan rigakafin rigakafi, kuma maganin potassium permanganate yana da rauni, ana fesa su tare da bushes matasa.
5. Ana gudanar da sarrafa kwari a zahiri daga kwanakin farko. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zafi ƙasa a cikin tanda, zafin jiki shine 60-65 ° C, ba ƙasa ba, kawai sai tsutsa za ta lalace.
6. Sau ɗaya a mako, ana gudanar da bincike don bayyanar cututtuka, idan akwai shuka, dole ne a lalata shi don kada cutar ko naman gwari ya yada zuwa wasu bushes.

ƙarshe

Jafananci sabon iri ne, amma mai ban sha’awa da yawa. Gaskiyar cewa yana da rigakafi ga cututtuka ya sa ya dace da masu farawa da ƙwararrun masu shuka. Idan an girbe amfanin gona mai albarka a lokacin kakar, zaku iya ɗaukar tsaba daga ciyawar ku don shuka wannan iri-iri na gaba, amma ba tare da ƙarin farashi ba.