Mutane sun yi kiwon tantabara fiye da shekaru 5000 da suka wuce, amma yawancin nau’ikan suna rayuwa a cikin daji. Akwai nau’ikan da batattu, ciki har da waɗanda gazawar ɗan adam ke haifarwa. Duk abin da ya rage daga gare su kawai ma’auni ne da kwatance, a mafi kyawun zane ko hotuna. A cikin wannan labarin za mu yi magana game da halaye na tattabarai na daji da na gida, salon rayuwarsu, nau’in da nau’in nau’in da masu shayarwa suka halitta.
Kurciya
Bayanin tattabara
Akwai nau’in tattabarai sama da 280. Wasu suna zaune a cikin daji, wasu kuma na gida ne, wasu nau’o’in jinsuna sun bace a yau. Nawa chromosomes ke da tattabara? Duk membobi na iyali suna da chromosomes 16, yawancin jinsin su kuma suna haifar da ‘ya’ya masu haihuwa.
Duk tattabarai na cikin dangin tattabarai ne, wanda ya ƙunshi dangi 4:
- hakora (jinin farko da nau’in 1),
- ku ci ‘ya’yan itatuwa (jinin 6 da nau’ikan 113),
- rawanin (jinin 1 da nau’ikan 3),
- tattabarai na sarauta (16 genera and 163 jinsuna).
Har ila yau, akwai dangi, wanda ya hada da giant Dodo, wanda ya ƙunshi nau’i 3. Dodos sun rayu a tsibirin Mauritius kuma ‘yan mulkin mallaka sun lalata su gaba daya shekaru 300-400 da suka wuce.
Duk nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan tattabarai suna da halaye iri ɗaya. Bayanin ku yayi kama da haka:
- Kan kurciya karami ne, da guntun wuyansa.
- Karamin lissafin yana ɗan ƙara tsawo kuma yayi kauri a gaba. Ma’auni ya rufe shi a sama, kakin zuma yana da laushi a kan baki, launi yana dacewa da launi na gashinsa.
- A gindin baki, ana ganin dannawa 2 a cikin hanci.
- Idanun suna da girma, tare da kyakkyawan gani, tattabara ta haɓaka fatar ido na uku, hangen nesa sosai, irises kala daban-daban.
- Kunnuwa suna rufe gashin fuka-fukan, kunnuwa na tattabarai suna da kyau, suna iya jin duban dan tayi da infrasound.
- Jiki yana da ƙananan, m, yana yin la’akari 200 g zuwa 650 g, nau’in mutum ɗaya zai iya kaiwa nauyin 900 g. Maza sun fi mata girma.
- Tsawon daji – 20-27 cm.
- Ƙafafun gajere ne, suna da yatsu 4, na launin toka zuwa launin ruwan hoda.
- Fuka-fukan suna da tsayi a cikin tsari, sun dace daidai da jiki, kasan rijiyar yana da kyau. Wannan nau’in tsuntsu ba shi da glandon coccygeal wanda ke ɓoye mai mai. Ana kiyaye gashin fuka-fukan da ƙurar da ke tasowa lokacin da aka goge su.
- Wutsiya tana da siffar zagaye, gashin gashin wutsiya na waje sun fi guntu fiye da matsakaici.
- Launi na plumage a cikin tattabarai ya bambanta sosai. A cikin yanayin zafi suna da launin toka mai haske, launin toka mai duhu, baki ko launin ruwan kasa, a cikin wurare masu zafi gashin tsuntsaye sun fi haske, kore, blue, ja. Tushen waje koyaushe ya fi na ƙasa duhu.
- Launi na ƙwai yana da launin toka, tare da ƙwanƙwasa, zai iya dogara da plumage da nau’in
Wannan nau’in yana da ƙananan murya, sautin da tsuntsaye ke yi. , mai suna lullaby. Suna kwana da kawunansu a ƙarƙashin fikafikansu. Gudun tafiya na tattabarai yana da kyau, daga 60 km / h zuwa 140 km / h. Sun daidaita sosai a ƙasa. Ba tare da dalili ba tun zamanin d ¯ a, ana amfani da tsuntsaye a matsayin masu aikawa.
Salon rayuwa da wurin zama
Pigeons suna zaune kusan dukkanin yankin duniya. Tsuntsu ba ya rayuwa ne kawai a Antarctica da yankin Arctic na arewacin hemisphere. Yawancin nau’ikan suna zaune a cikin birni ko kusa da ƙasar noma. Akwai nau’ikan da ke zaune a cikin dazuzzuka ko tsaunuka, nesa ko kusa da mutum. Wadannan sun hada da tattabarai kintinkiri, Ochakov pigeons ko Murray pigeons.
Tsuntsaye masu fuka-fukai suna shawagi ne a wuri guda da suke hayayyafa, a yankunan arewa, wasu lokutan tsuntsaye kan yi hijira zuwa kudu, wanda ba a taba ganinsa a wurare masu zafi ba, domin ba a bukatar a yi lokacin sanyi.
Menene tattabara ke ci a yanayi? Tushen abincin wannan nau’in shine abincin shuka. Pigeons suna son hatsi ( hatsi, alkama, sha’ir, tsaba ciyawa), tsaba sunflower, masara, birch buds, acorns. Har ila yau, yawancin jinsuna suna cin berries da sauran ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu tsami. A cikin birni, mutane sukan nemi abinci a cikin datti, suna tsintar tarkace daga gefen titi. Kuda, tsutsa, mace-mace da sauran dabbobi ana cin su kwatsam, amma waɗannan ‘ƙaramin’ suna da mahimmanci don cin furotin dabba.
Idan tattabarai suka sha, ba sa jefa kawunansu baya kamar sauran tsuntsaye. An tsara baki don tattabarar za ta iya zana ruwa, kamar ta bututu. Bukatar sha a cikin wannan nau’in yana da girma. Tushen abincin su shine alkama da sauran busassun hatsi da ake samu a cikin ƙasa. A cikin ruwa, suna kumbura kuma suna mikewa da sauri.
tattabarai nawa ne ke zaune a birni da namun daji? Tsawon rayuwarsa shine shekaru 3-5. Sau da yawa, maƙiyan halitta sun zama sanadin mutuwa. A cikin birane, waɗannan kuraye ne, karnuka, hankaka, da magpies, da kuma mutane. A cikin dajin, lynxes, foxes, weasels, ferrets, raptors ganima a kan tsuntsaye, ko da yake tattabara na tashi a cikin jirgin. Tattabara ta kan yi fama da cututtuka da har ma kan iya haifar da annoba. Tsuntsaye marasa lafiya sune masu ɗaukar cututtuka masu haɗari.
Kiwon Tattabara
Noman tattabara, musamman a cikin daji, yana da yawa. Fuka-fukan suna iya yin ƙwai sau 4 zuwa 8 a kowace kakar. A cikin yankuna masu zafi, zawarcin aure da mating suna faruwa daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, a cikin wurare masu zafi, a duk shekara.
tattabarai tsuntsaye ne masu auren mace daya, sau da yawa suna yin aure har abada, koda namiji mai rinjaye ya kore mace daga mai rauni, zai iya dawowa. tsohon abokin tarayya.
A lokacin zawarcinsa, namijin yana yin lullubi, yana jan hankalin mace ta hanyar rawa. Lokacin da ta zo, masu gadi a hankali, suna kai ta zuwa ga aminci tare da mamayewar wasu maza. Sau da yawa za ku iya ganin yadda tattabarai ke sadarwa, sumba, kokarin sha da ciyar da juna daga bakinsu. Ana yin tururi a cikin keɓe sau da yawa a rana. Tsuntsaye da ke cikin garken sau da yawa suna faɗa da juna, amma ko da wane irin laifi ne suka yi, abokin aure na biyu ya gudu don ceto.
Duk iyaye biyu suna gina gida ta hanyar amfani da gashin gashin kansu da kayan da aka inganta. A cikin birni, don gina gidan tsuntsu, ana yawan zaɓin ɗakuna na gidaje da gine-gine da aka yi watsi da su. A cikin gandun daji: bishiyoyi maras kyau, bushes masu yawa. Kusa da gida, tsuntsu ba ya lalacewa. Matar tana yin kwai 2 zuwa 3 awanni 12 tsakani. Zuriyar kurciya da kurciya bi da bi. Lokacin zaune, a duba a hankali don kada ƙwanƙolin ya faɗo. Lokacin shiryawa na ƙwai yana ɗaukar kwanaki 16-19, kowane kajin yana ƙyanƙyashe tare da bambanci na sa’o’i 24-36.
Lokacin da shiryawa ya ƙare, an haifi makafi masu launin toka mai launin toka, dole ne a kula da su sosai. Ɗan maraƙi ba zai iya ci sosai ba kuma da ƙyar yana motsawa da kansa, yana iya daskarewa cikin sauƙi.
A cikin kwanaki 7-10 na farko, iyaye suna ciyar da matasa tare da farin asiri, an kafa porridge a cikin goiter na namiji da mace. A wasu lokuta ana kiran farin sirrin ‘madarar tsuntsaye’. Sai kawai daga mako na biyu, ɗan tattabara ya fara cin ƙananan hatsi kadan da kadan.
Kajin ba sa girma da sauri, sannu a hankali suna samun nauyi. Sun fara tashi daga cikin gida kuma suna tashi da kansu a cikin shekaru 30-45 kwanakin.
Nau’in tattabarai
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, tattabarar Columbian tana da kusan nau’ikan 300, kowannensu na musamman ne kuma yana da nasa matakan. Ba shi yiwuwa a lissafta dukkan nau’ikan a nan, saboda haka za mu ambaci sunayen da aka fi sani kawai:
- Kurciya mai launin toka,
- Tattabarar daji (guguwa da clintukh),
- kurciya,
- Dovetail (na kowa, gajeriyar wutsiya, karami, Siberian, mai zobe),
- tattabarai masu launin ruwan kasa, launin toka da fari.
Wasu nau’ikan sun yadu, har ma an yarda da kamun kifi, saboda makarantu na iya lalata aikin gona, suna cika titunan biranen, wanda ke barazanar haifar da annoba. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin suna dacewa lokacin da yaƙi da tsuntsaye ke amfanar mutum kuma baya yin barazanar bacewar nau’in. Don farauta, ana amfani da lalata, tarkuna, tarkuna, bindigogin harbin bindiga. Naman waɗannan tsuntsaye ba kasafai ake cin naman waɗannan tsuntsaye ba a yanzu, galibi farauta shine tsabtace muhalli ko wasanni.
Akwai nau’ikan da aka jera a cikin Red Book. Waɗannan su ne da farko daji ko dutsen tattabarai waɗanda ke zaune nesa da mazaunin ɗan adam. Yawancin lokuta, raguwar lambobi yana da alaƙa da lalata wuraren zama daga ayyukan tattalin arziki. Misali mai ban mamaki na lalata nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) wanda ya ɓace gaba daya,wanda a farkon karni na karshe ya kasance a cikin gandun daji na Amurka,Canada da Mexico. Tattabarar daji da ke zaune a tsibirin Andaman da Nicobar tana neman kamawa.
Tantabarar gida
Kimanin shekaru 5000 da suka wuce, ana kiwon kurciya a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Tsuntsaye, waɗanda aka girma a matsayin kayan ado, an cinye su. ‘Yan kasuwa da sojoji sun lura da ikonsa na ban mamaki na kewayawa a sararin samaniya kuma koyaushe yana komawa gida, don haka suka fara amfani da tattabarai a matsayin ma’aikata. Yanzu tattabarar tsuntsu ce ta shahara, duk da cewa shekarunta na zinare ya wuce. Hanyoyin kiwon kaji suna kama da halin namun daji.
Sharuddan tsarewa
Kiwo tattabarai a gida ba ya gabatar da matsaloli na musamman, ba lallai ba ne don kula da tsuntsaye masu fuka-fuki. Kuna iya ba da kayan gida a cikin ɗaki, a cikin yadi ko kusa da bangon gidan. A cikin kurciya, masu rataye na katako na katako ko ɗakunan ajiya na musamman an sanya su don gida. Ganuwar falon an yi su ne da itace ko bulo. Yankin fitattun windows bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 20 × 20 cm ba. Tsuntsaye da wuya su daskare a cikin sanyi, amma hunturu ba shi da matsala ga lokacin sanyi.
Yana da kyau a yi aviary kusa da ɗakin, inda tsuntsaye za su iya tafiya lafiya. Kuna iya sanya akwati tare da toka na itace a cikin aviary, inda dabbobi zasu iya wanke gashin fuka-fukan su. Sau ɗaya a shekara, suna molt, sa’an nan gashinsa za a iya dan kadan tara. Dole ne ɗakunan da ake ajiye tsuntsaye su kasance masu tsabta. Wannan ya fi mayar da kayyade yawan pigeons na gida, ko za su sami bayyanar lafiya.
Abincin
Kusan tattabarai sune kawai kaji waɗanda suka riƙe ikon tashi, suna iya samun abincin nasu lafiya.
Kuna iya ciyar da tsuntsayen hatsi kowane iri. Rye, oatmeal da shinkafa mai launin ruwan kasa ne kawai ake bayarwa a cikin iyakataccen adadi. Sunflower tsaba ga tattabarai, acorns sun dace sosai, wani lokacin zaka iya ciyar da su berries, kayan lambu puree, breadcrumbs, koren abinci. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a ba da ƙarin abinci, saboda yana da wuya a same su a kan titi. Ruwan ma’adinai da karin bitamin kuma suna cikin abinci, tsuntsaye suna ciyar da gishiri.
Tabbatar sanya kwano na ruwa a cikin ɗaki, kuma ba kawai daga masu ciyarwa ba – dabbobin gida suna sha da yawa.
Kiwo
Yaya ake haihuwar tattabarai a gida, babu wani bambanci tsakanin tsuntsayen gida da na daji. Dole ne ku haɗa tattabarai na gida bisa ga irin nau’in. Rarraba su ba koyaushe ba ne mai sauƙi, saboda wannan mutumin ba shi da ƙarfi lokacin zabar biyu. Idan namiji da mace ba sa son juna, zawarcin aure da jima’i ba za su faru ba, ba sa ƙwai kuma ba su haifi kaji ba, don haka yana da mahimmanci a koyi komai game da tattabarai kafin kiwon su.
Har yaushe ne tattabarar ke zaune a gida? ? Ba kamar daji ba, rayuwar wannan tsuntsu ya fi tsayi. A matsakaita, wakilai masu fuka-fukai suna rayuwa a cikin gidajensu na tsawon shekaru 15, ƙasa da 20 akai-akai.
Cutar tantabara
Rashin kulawa da kulawa da kyau zai iya haifar da cututtuka a cikin tsuntsaye. Sau da yawa cututtuka har ma da annoba a tsakanin kaji suna haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda masu sayar da titi su ne tattabarai. Mafi sau da yawa, tattabarai na iya samun irin waɗannan cututtuka:
- karkatarwa ko karkatarwa,
- ornithosis,
- mura avian,
- paramyxovirus kamuwa da cuta,
- paratyphoid,
- tricomoniasis,
- cutar sankarau,
- coccidosis,
- tarin fuka,
- ciwon daji,
- amosanin gabbai,
- kumburi,
- daban-daban parasites: helminthiasis, lice, nests, fleas, da dai sauransu.
Alamomin cututtuka da yawa iri ɗaya ne. Tattabara ta nutse, ta rasa aiki, sha’awa, burguwa, ta fara yin amai, zazzaɓi, zazzaɓi idanu, zazzaɓi, hankari, tsuntsaye suna yin atishawa, sunkuyar da kawunansu, wani lokacin tattabarar ta rame tana numfashi da ƙyar.
Lokacin da kwayoyin cuta na fata suka ji rauni, tattabarai suna harbawa. Don yin ainihin ganewar asali, yana da kyau a aika da tattabara zuwa ga likitan dabbobi. Ba tare da taimakon lokaci ba, tsuntsaye suna mutuwa.
Babban hanyar rigakafi da kariya ita ce allurar rigakafi. Ana yi wa kajin allurar farko kafin ƙyanƙyashe, a kusan shekaru 30.
Dole ne a yi wa tsuntsaye rigakafin kowace shekara. Tattabara na iya kamuwa da cutar daga takwarorinsu na titi, don haka ba za a iya yin watsi da wannan doka ba. Bugu da kari, cutar tana kamuwa da mutane ta iska da datti da hannaye. Don kawar da parasites, wajibi ne a yi deworming daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Likitan likitancin dabbobi zai ba ku shawara daidai abin da za ku kwasfa.
Yana da mahimmanci a san abin da tattabarai za su iya ci da abin da ba haka ba, don walda su. Yana da kyawawa don kiyaye sel tsabta.
Nauyin tattabarai na gida
Zaɓin na dogon lokaci, haɓakar tattabarai na gida ya ba da damar ƙirƙirar nau’ikan nau’ikan sama da ɗari da haɓaka matsayin su. Dukkansu sun fito ne daga sisar, wanda za’a iya samuwa a ko’ina a kan titunan birni, a wuraren shakatawa da filayen. Wasu sun kasance a cikin ƙarni da yawa, wasu sun fito kwanan nan.
A al’ada, duk tattabarai masu tashi sun kasu zuwa kungiyoyi da yawa:
- katin waya (wasanni),
- yawo,
- high flight,
- bi,
- roly,
- martial,
- kayan ado,
- nama.
Na farko, tsuntsayen wannan nau’in an yi su ne don nama, sa’an nan kuma sun zama katunan katunan da kayan ado. A cikin yadudduka na Asiya da Turai akwai manyan tattabarai. A yau, halayen jirgin da kyawawan tsuntsayen gida suna da godiya sosai.
Tattabarai masu ɗaukar kaya
Tantabarai masu gida sun kasance suna hidima tsawon ƙarni da yawa, suna isar da labarai ga mai karɓa, a duk inda suke. Anyi amfani da su har zuwa karshen yakin duniya na biyu. A cikin rundunonin sojojin da ke gaba da juna, wadannan tsuntsaye, wadanda sau da yawa sukan taka rawar leken asiri, da daukar hoto na iska. Yanzu sun rasa dacewa.
Ma’aikatan wasikun sun koma sashin wasanni. Ana ɗaukar nau’ikan gidan waya mafi tsada saboda ana ɗaukar ƙoƙari sosai don zaɓar da horar da tsuntsaye.
Shahararrun nau’ikan wasanni na yau:
- ‘Yan tseren Belgium,
- Turanci quarry,
- Turanci dragon,
- tattabarai masu ɗaukar kaya na Jamus,
- tattabarai masu ɗaukar kaya na Rasha.
horar da tattabarai masu iya tashi daruruwan kilomita, masu saurin gudu da komawa gida. Ta yaya suka san inda za su tashi? Ta yaya tsuntsaye ke kewaya sararin samaniya? Akwai nau’o’i da yawa. Wasu sun gaskata cewa babban sashin jiki na fuka-fuki shine idanu, kuma hangen nesa yana taimakawa wajen kewayawa. Wasu kuma suna da’awar cewa ana taimakon tattabarai ta hanyar infrasound ko kuma filin maganadisu na duniya. Ba a san madaidaicin sigar da tabbas ba.
Don haifar da zakara, kana buƙatar sanin yadda za a zabi pigeons postman. Suna mayar da hankali ba kawai a kan nau’in ba, har ma a kan halaye na wani mutum, suna buƙatar yin gwaji. An dauki Belgians a matsayin mafi kyawun masu aikawa, amma a tsakanin sauran nau’in akwai samfurori masu ban mamaki.
tattabarai masu tashi
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan kwatancen kiwo na tattabara na zamani shine haɓaka halayen tashi a cikin tsuntsaye. Jirgin saman shudi yana da kyau sosai, zaku iya jin daɗin sa na sa’o’i. Wasu duwatsun na iya tashi sama da tsayi ta yadda za a iya ganin su daga ƙasa kawai tare da taimakon na’urar gani. Wasu kuma suna da daraja don kada fikafikansu da sautunan da suke yi (tsage-zage, marasa lafiya). Wasu tsuntsaye na iya jujjuyawa da kyau a cikin iska.
tattabarai masu tashi
Wadannan nau’ikan tsuntsaye ana yin su ne don tsayin tashi. Yi ƙididdige shi a cikin mita ko girman girman foda a cikin iska. Tattabara na iya yin sama har tsayin steeple, lark, sparrow, malam buɗe ido, ɗigon ƙiftawa, ko ma bace cikin sararin sama. Matsakaicin nau’ikan tsayi sun haɗa da:
- High altitude perm,
- Izhevsk,
- Sverdlovsk foda,
- tattabarai daga Budapest da Hungary,
- Boiler,
- Volsky jirgin da Volsky turmans,
- Farisa ko Farisa,
- Odessa,
- Palomas Ochakov,
- ‘Yan kasuwa masu baƙar fata,
- Palomas de Prikamye,
- Nikolaev a kan tip da sickle mai tashi sama,
- Mordovia Black slab daga Mordovia,
- Tayoyin Chistopol ko Bugulma,
- Chiliks.
Yanzu yana da wuya a sami mutanen da da gaske suka kai matsayi mai girma. Masu kiwo suna yin rangwame ga masu amfani. Mutane da yawa sun fi son siyan tsuntsayen da suke yin kyawawan siffofi a cikin iska, suna murza fikafikansu, ba kawai sama ba. Wani yana kiyaye dabbobin gida a cikin shinge, ba ya horar da su, saboda tsoron cewa ba za su tashi ba, kodayake masu sana’a masu kiwon kaji har yanzu suna godiya da masu kyan gani.
Hawan tattabarai
Abin da ake kira gonny breeds ba zai iya hawa a kasashe daban-daban na duniya (a Poland, Jamus, Czech Republic, Ingila). a babban tsayi. Suna tashi daga rufin kurciya, idan kun tsoratar da su. Daga nan tsuntsayen suka samu suna. Jirgin su ya bambanta sosai, tattabarai suna jujjuyawa, suna yin adadi a cikin iska, suna rataye a lokaci guda. Nau’in tsere sukan tashi a cikin garken tumaki, wanda ke sa hotuna a sararin sama sun fi kyau. Yanzu sun shahara sosai, saboda yawancin nau’ikan launin fata ana haifar da su a duniya, waɗanda suka fi shahara sune:
- tattabarai da Warsaw ke tukawa.
- Kamyshin,
- Ukrania Bryansk,
- tattabarai da sufaye na Moscow suka kora,
- Tula zafi canje-canje,
- Sufaye masu tseren tattabarai,
- Tsirrai masu kyalli,
- Budapest tsakiyar kololuwa,
- Arkhangelsk bijimin tattabarai,
- Tula yana bin ‘magpie’,
- Ural sufaye,
- Tula monkin tattabarai,
- Nikolaev tare da sickle inverted,
- Pavlovsky ya tsananta,
- Crimea sin círculo, o creamers,
- An tsananta wa Dubovskie ko Kondratieff,
- Chebark lsk,
- Staroufimskie,
- Khmelnitsky jirgin,
- Kherson daga Upper Rogachik,
- Kharkov Air flight,
- Militopolsky marasa lafiya,
- Kursaki,
- Gonny de Konotop da Salsk
- Kiev haske ko fireflies,
- Zhdanovsky,
- Kremenchug,
- Tsaritsyno fuka-fuki,
- Derish na Indiya (Hindu Derish) ko Larabawa.
A cikin jirgin, dole ne a kimanta kusurwar kallo a fuka-fuki. Wani fasalin korar tattabarai shine ikon jagorantar wasu tsuntsaye zuwa ga garken ku. Sau da yawa ana amfani da su wajen sace tattabarai daga wasu tattabarai. Ya rage kawai don horar da tsuntsun da aka sace zuwa wani sabon wuri. Launi na homing pigeons na iya zama kowane, daga cikinsu akwai baki, fari, launin ruwan kasa, ja, launuka masu yawa, launin toka har ma da tsuntsaye masu launin shudi.
Tattabarai na rawa
Tattabaru masu aiki, ’yan leƙen asiri ko lungu-lungu sun sami sunansu saboda iya jujjuya su a kusurwoyinsu a cikin jirgin. Wasu kuma sun san yadda ake danna reshe. Tsayinsa yana da ƙasa ko matsakaici. Ƙarfin juyawa a cikin iska yana iya bayyana kansa ba kawai a cikin nau’ikan wasan kwaikwayo ba, amma waɗannan mutane suna cikin zalunci da masu gwagwarmaya. A lokaci guda, ba duk wakilan spindles suna da halayen halayen. An ƙi waɗannan tsuntsaye kuma ba a yarda da su don kiwo ba. Mafi mashahuri nau’in spindles:
- babur na gabas (gabas),
- babur Birmingham,
- Gelatskiy kuvyrkun kuvyrkun ko abin nadi,
- Ukrainian steppe swivel,
- Starokazatsky pigeon swivel.
Suna tantance ruhohi don iyawarsu don kiyaye tsayinsu, yayin da suke jujjuyawa cikin iska. Yana da wuya a koyar da tattabarai don tashi ta wannan hanya, kwayoyin halitta suna da hannu a nan, amma zaka iya inganta fasaha don yin yaki don kyautar. Mafi kyawun kwafi suna da tsada sosai. Farashin a cikin catalogs ya bambanta daga 700 zuwa 1000 rubles da kai.
tattabarai
Sunan tattabarai ne saboda sun san yadda ake danna takamaiman fuka-fuki a cikin jirgin sama, ko yaƙin juzu’i. Sun fara hayayyafa a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Farisa. Mafi mahimmanci, wannan nau’in ya samo asali ne daga jinsin Turkawa da Farisa. Yanzu shugabanci ya shahara sosai. Babban wuraren kiwo sune Turkiyya, Iran, Caucasus da Transcaucasia, wasu yankuna na Dagestan, Rasha, Ukraine, tattabarai sun zama sananne a Jamus, a Azerbaijan, Stavropol Territory. An sadaukar da Poles da Czechs don noman sa. Waɗannan su ne mafi mashahuri nau’ikan:
- Andijan pigeons, ko Andijan,
- Armavir yaƙi cosmos,
- Afganistan (Afganistan),
- Azerbaijani pointy karagezs,
- ‘Yan gwagwarmayar Armeniya,
- Agasiyev,
- palomas chile Baku,
- Tattabarar Berlin tare da ɗan gajeren baki,
- Yaki Kosan,
- Damascus,
- Iranian, kunci, mai kai da ƙulli,
- Krasnodar bokaty game da Neverovsky.
- Jaruman Kakheti ko Kakhetian,
- Leninakan warriors,
- Kara Sochi coal black pigeon,
- farar kurciya ta sochi,
- Melitopol,
- Poland ko tsohuwar Poland,
- Ja da fari rudders
- Babban shugaban Rasha,
- North Caucasus cosmachi,
- kokawar Turkiyya,
- Turanci,
- tattabarai daga Tehran,
- Tashkent gulbadams da chimkent,
- Tayiko,
- Uzbek Termez ko Termez,
- Uzbek Awlaki daga Dzhambul.
Salon jirgin na yankan tsuntsaye ya sha bamban sosai. Wasu suna yin sama kai tsaye (da kyandir), wasu kuma suka fara da’ira, suna da tsayi, sai kawai su fara fadowa suna murza fikafikansu a cikin iska, wasu na iya yin sama da tsayin daka, har zuwa wani yanayi na kiftawa. Babban ingancin da ake kimanta waɗannan tsuntsaye shine ingancin yaƙin, girmansa da tsawon lokacinsa. Yana da mahimmanci a koyaushe horar da duk tsuntsayen fada, ba tare da wanda za su rasa siffar su ba.
Tattabara na ado
A yau, pigeons galibi ana yin su ne don kyawun su, saboda nau’ikan kayan ado sun fara korar wasu. Ko da wasu tseren tashi sun fara haɓaka don halaye na waje. Tsuntsaye masu ado sun bambanta da siffar jiki, matsayi, launi, tsari, da nau’in gashin tsuntsu. Datysh pigeon iri-iri yana da hypertrophic, goiter kamar ball. Wasu nau’ikan suna da ci gaba na musamman na kakin zuma, idanu, spikes akan kafafu. Sau da yawa akan yi wa kan ado da tufa ko tudu. Wasu suna kama da wasu nau’ikan tsuntsaye, alal misali, gull, storks, swallows.
Waɗannan su ne shahararrun umarnin kayan ado:
- Siffar jiki ta ƙunshi manyan tsuntsaye dogayen tsuntsaye da siffar tattabarai.
- Tattabara masu launi tare da inuwa daban-daban na plumage, wani lokacin sosai m (akwai ja, ja, tare da alade, marmara, lilac, baki, blue, fari da rawaya suna da daraja sosai).
- ‘Masu kwaikwayi’, masu kama da masu sauri, magudanar ruwa, storks, finches na zinariya, shaho, hadiye, mujiya, da sauransu.
- tare da baki: dogon hanci, ƙaramin hanci, gajeriyar baki, mai kauri ko dai lanƙwasa baki
- Tsarin gashinsa -. M kuma madaidaiciya
- firam da kayan ado -. Tsuntsayen gemu ‘a cikin wando’, mace mai wanki, da sauransu d.
Kwanan nan, akwai nau’ikan kayan ado da yawa waɗanda ba shi yiwuwa a lissafa su duka. Wannan yana nufin cewa wannan yanki shine abin da aka fi so kuma mai ban sha’awa sosai. Ga mafi shaharar wadanda:
- Royal Peacock,
- Bernese da Pomeranian dutysh,
- Marchenero,
- Majestic Uryupinsky,
- Majestic Rostov,
- nunin Jamusanci,
- Sham ta nade,
- rudders da gulsars na Uzbek launi,
- mai gashi uzbek and chelkari,
- Jamhuriyar Czech,
- Sinaguran teku,
- Tasman tasma biyu,
- Bohemian hadiye da kafafu masu gashi,
- Volzhsky ribbon pigeons,
- Rzhevsky ribbon pigeons,
- tattabarai masu ruɗi,
- Ivanovo yana aiki,
- tattabarai masu lanƙwasa ko masu lanƙwasa,
- Krylovsk da shaggy,
- Saxon firist da crest da lankwasa baki,
- Saxon mai farin wutsiya,
- chubat na Jamus da masu ganga mai wutsiya biyu,
- Yakubu,
- Barb,
- Sobate,
- Shaggy capuchins,
- Agaskiya ko Agaskiya,
- Akkerman,
- Artamon daban-daban,
- Blondes launi ɗaya ne (ja, cakulan, baki, fari, m, rawaya, launin ruwan kasa),
- Blondes tare da sikeli da ratsi,
- Bukhara Ado,
- Tokyo White ghoul,
- Marmara ta yi sanyi,
- Shawl tattabarai daga yankin Altai,
- Ƙaƙwalwar ovskie na ado tare da ɗan gajeren baki.
Tsarin jiki na waje, fuka-fukan wasu lokuta suna da asali cewa tsuntsu ba ya kama da tattabara. Hatta tsuntsayen da suka fi fice suna iya hassada kaya. Yawancin waɗannan tsuntsaye suna tashi da rashin ƙarfi, sau da yawa saboda babban goiter, manyan gashin wutsiya, da sauransu. Yawancin lokaci ana ajiye su a cikin rufaffiyar dakuna a gida, a cikin sashen a cikin keji. Yana da tsada sosai don yin samfura masu yawa da ba kasafai ba, dole ne su yi sauti.
Ana amfani da tattabarai masu ado da yawa, duk da rashin amfani. Suna ƙawata tsakar gida, wuraren ajiyar kaya, da wuraren shakatawa. Ana sake su don bikin aure, Annunciation, babu wata ƙungiya a cikin birni da za ta iya yin ba tare da su ba. Wani nau’in nau’in tsuntsaye na ado ya haɗa da ganguna, ko torkuts, tare da ainihin murya.
Naman tattabarai
Waɗannan tseren sun fara bayyana. Yanzu ba kasafai ake amfani da tattabarai wajen nama ba. Babban bukatar su ya kasance kawai a cikin Burtaniya, Jamus da Amurka. A wannan ma’ana, an bambanta layin kiwo na Amurka, Ingilishi da Jamusanci.
Tattabarar naman manya ne, suna da kauri, jiki mai tsoka da ci gaban kwatangwalo da faffadan kirji. Giant na gaske yana auna har zuwa 1 kg. An raba dukkan jinsi zuwa hanyoyi 3:
- Gigantic tare da babban taro (mafi girman nauyi: 900-1000g), jiki mai ƙarfi, kamar jifa na gaske.
- Kaza mai dogayen kafafu, gajarta jiki da kankanin wutsiya.
- Nama tare da matsakaicin nauyi (kimanin g 600).
Modena ana la’akari da mafi tsufa nau’in, amma akwai wasu:
- naman Roman,
- Sarakuna,
- Strassers,
- jeans,
- ka koma,
- tattabarai lynx,
- farar maltise,
- tattabarai na Modena,
- Manyan Hungarian Giants,
- Magnani,
- Subbank,
- Kurbugsky alondra,
- Karfi,
- Montenblanc,
- Mutanen Espanya kurciya Homer,
- Koshuwa,
- Benesov ta tattabara.
Duk nau’ikan nama suna tashi da talauci, bayyanar su ba ta da kyau sosai. Babban tsuntsu ya fi son tafiya a ƙasa. A cikin ƙasashen da ake kiwon su, ana ɗaukar kaji a matsayin abinci mai daɗi kuma yana da tsada sosai, don haka kasuwancin yana da fa’ida sosai. A Rasha, shaharar irin waɗannan nau’ikan ba su da yawa, tunda babu al’adar cin naman tantabara.
Yanzu yana da wuya a samu da kuma abokiyar tsaftataccen jinsi a kowace hanya. Masu sha’awar sha’awa sau da yawa suna shagaltuwa cikin kiwo: mongers suna canza launi, siffar jiki, da ingancin jirgin. Don samun tattabara mai kyau, kana buƙatar duba yadda abokan ciniki suka amince da makiyayi, irin gonar da yake da shi. Zai fi kyau a nemi tattabarai masu kyau a yankunan da suka fito. Alal misali, Poltava – a Poltava, Nikolaev – a birnin Nikolaev, Yaren mutanen Poland – a Poland.
