Tumatir mai ban mamaki na Rasberi a cikin ‘yan shekarun nan ya zama nau’in da aka fi nema a tsakanin ƙwararrun masu sana’a da novice lambu a Rasha. Duk mutane, ba tare da togiya, kamar rasberi tumatir. A ƙarƙashin wannan kyakkyawan sunan gama gari, ba nau’in tumatir ɗaya da ke ɓoye ba, amma biyar. Duk wakilan wannan nau’in tumatir, girma da kyau kuma suna ba da girbi mai yawa. Duk da sabon salo na wannan nau’in, waɗannan tumatir kusan masu lambu suna son su nan take. Ya kamata a dasa abin al’ajabi na Rasberi a cikin kowane lambun lambu a kan wani fili.
Halayen nau’in tumatir na Rasberi Miracle
Halayen tumatir
Masu kiwo na Rasha sun yi kiwon tumatur na rasberi a ƙarshen karni na 2014, a cikin ƙungiyar bincike da samar da lambuna na Rasha. Don samun wannan nau’in, masu kiwon na ƙungiyar ‘Lambunan Rasha’ sun yi gagarumin aiki. Dangane da duk fa’idodin, wannan nau’in tumatir za a iya kiran shi da gaskiya nasarar sarauta na cibiyar zaɓin ƙasa ‘Gardens of Russia’. A cikin XNUMX, irin wannan tumatir ya cancanci samun lambar zinare don halayensa.
Mutane suna kiran irin waɗannan tumatur da mu’ujiza na rasberi na zinariya. Bayan ‘yan shekaru bayan kawar da mu’ujiza na rasberi, nau’in tumatir da aka haɗa a cikin wannan jerin ya zama abin da aka fi so ga duk masu lambu a yankin Rasha.
Tsawon bushes na waɗannan hybrids ya kai mita biyu, saboda girman tsayin bushes. , tumatir yana buƙatar ɗaure. A lokacin girma ‘ya’yan itace, ana la’akari da wannan nau’in a tsakiyar tsakar rana, tun daga lokacin bayyanar farkon seedlings zuwa cikakken ripening yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 150. Ba kamar yawancin abokan aikin sa ba, wannan nau’in yana da juriya ga buguwa a ƙarshen lokaci kuma yana girma daidai a kowane yanayi. Ta bin duk shawarwarin don girma da kulawa, zaka iya samun sauƙin amfanin gonar tumatir mai kyau, wanda ya ishe ku da dangin ku har tsawon shekara guda.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace
Don wannan fasalin fasalin nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan:
- Babban abun ciki na busassun busassun ‘ya’yan itace yana ba da damar yin amfani da ‘ya’yan itacen cikin nasara a cikin gwangwani.
- Ba kwasfa ba ne, ko da, wanda launinsa ya bambanta daga rasberi mai haske zuwa inuwa mai kyau
- Juiciness na ɓangaren litattafan almara tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi mara misaltuwa.
- Ƙananan adadin tsaba a cikin sassan ‘ya’yan itace.
A cikin bayanin jerin, mu’ujiza na rasberi ya nuna cewa ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna da kyau dacewa da canning duka a gida da kuma a kan babban sikelin samarwa. Wadannan tumatur, kamar sauran su, ana iya cin su danye ko a matsayin wani bangare na salads. Don ajiya na dogon lokaci, ana bada shawara don adana wannan nau’in a cikin duhu da sanyi, tare da zafin jiki na iska na 5 zuwa 12 digiri da zafi na dangi ba fiye da 80%.
Iri-iri
Akwai iri-iri iri-iri
Tumatir na wannan jerin an haɗa su a cikin sunan sa na nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri biyar:
- Rasberi ruwan inabi. Irin wannan matasan yana da nau’i mai yawa na dandano. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun kai nauyin gram 400.
- Rasberi faɗuwar rana. Wannan matasan yana nuna yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa, tare da babban adadin ‘ya’yan itace, wanda wani lokaci ya kai har zuwa 700 grams.
- Rasberi aljanna. An kwatanta shi da launin rasberi mai haske, dandano mai dadi da babban adadin ‘ya’yan itace.
- Rasberi. ‘Ya’yan itãcen wannan iri-iri suna da ƙananan girman, launi na ‘ya’yan itace shine inuwar rasberi mai zurfi, dandano yana da laushi da m.
- Rasberi mai haske. Iri-iri yana da nama na musamman, wanda yayi kama da naman kankana, yawan wannan ‘ya’yan itace ya kai gram 700.
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na iri-iri
Saboda fa’idodinsa da kuma yanayin gaba ɗaya na iri-iri, mu’ujiza na rasberi yana da kyau sosai, irin wannan tumatir shine mafi ƙarancin sharadi na masu shuka kayan lambu.
Abubuwan da ba za a iya jayayya ba sun haɗa da:
- Unpretentious lokacin barin.
- Babban juriya ga bugun jini.
- Kyakkyawan dandano da ƙamshi mai daɗi.
- Kyakkyawan gabatarwa da aiki.
- Lokacin da ya girma, ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba su fashe ba, suna kiyaye mutuncin harsashi.
Yawan amfanin kowane ganye Ee, nau’ikan mu’ujiza na rasberi suna da kyau sosai. Mu’ujiza na tumatir rasberi na iya samar da kusan kilogiram 5 na ‘ya’yan itace daga daji. Irin wannan tumatir a zahiri ba shi da lahani, kawai abin da masu lambu ba za su iya gamsar da su ba shine cewa yawan ‘ya’yan itacen zai zama karami, amma ga wasu ya ragu, ga wasu yana da matukar fa’ida.
Yawancin lambu suna ganin wannan a matsayin babban fa’ida, saboda ƙananan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu ɗanɗano amma masu daɗi waɗanda suka dace da gwangwani da aikin gida.
Mu’ujiza na rasberi shine nau’in tumatir na duniya. A tsaba na wannan iri-iri suna da wani rare hali, suna iya rike da isasshen dogon iri germination, har zuwa shekaru 20, idan aka kwatanta da sauran tumatir, wanda tsaba a cikin kasa da shekaru 10, ba matalauta sprout germination.
Tips don girma tumatir
Wannan nau’in ba shi da ma’ana kuma ya dace da girma a kowane yanki na ƙasar. Girma irin waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba shi da wahala kuma ya dace da masu aikin lambu da masu farawa. Duk da rashin fahimta, kamar kowane shuka, tumatir yana buƙatar abinci mai kyau, wanda zai iya samar da ƙasa mai inganci da m. Yarda da wannan muhimmin batu zai ba ka damar samun dogayen bushes tare da manyan tumatir. Don dasa tsaba don seedlings, wajibi ne a farkon Maris a cikin ƙasa na musamman, don haka kuna buƙatar haɗuwa da juna a daidai adadin yashi, humus da ƙasa.
Shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin bai wuce santimita ɗaya ba
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar shayar da ƙasa tare da diluted da rauni potassium permanganate, ɗan ruwan hoda kaɗan, don lalata ƙasa daga ƙwayoyin cuta. Don haɓakar iri mai kyau, ana bada shawara don bi da tsaba tare da kowane wakili na antiparasitic, alal misali, maganin Ecosila. Sa’an nan za ku iya cika kwantena na musamman da aka shirya tare da ƙasa (kwantena don seedlings, yanke kwalabe na filastik, a cikin matsanancin hali, gwangwani rabin lita), akalla 20 tsaba. Ya kamata a dasa tsaba a zurfin kusan 1 cm. Idan zurfin ya fi 1 cm, to shuka bazai shuka ba.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa don dasa shuki
Ana kuma shirya ƙasar don tsiro a gaba, daga faɗuwa. Kyakkyawan wuri don haɓakar seedling mai kyau shine gefen rana na gidan, ko kuma wajen windowsill. Tare da isowar harbe na farko, ya zama dole don tsarma amfanin gona, cire raunin rauni da ƙananan harbe waɗanda ba su da kyau. A nan gaba, ana maimaita hanyar yin bakin ciki idan ya cancanta, kuma ana cire harbe-harbe masu tsinke. A ƙarshe, a cikin kowane akwati tare da seedlings bai kamata ku sami fiye da seedlings goma ba. Yana da irin wannan adadin cewa ya isa daidaitaccen rarraba danshi da oxygen, a cikin wannan yanayin tsarin tushen zai iya haɓaka da kyau, tsire-tsire za su yi girma da sauri, za su yi karfi kuma za su samar da girbi mai kyau a nan gaba. .
Shuka lokaci seedlings a cikin bude ƙasa
Ana dasa tsire-tsire masu shirye tare da ƙarshen sanyi na ƙarshe, don yankuna na kudu ya fi dacewa da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe a kusa da Afrilu-Mayu. Saboda haka, a cikin yankunan arewa, yana da kyau a shuka tumatir na wannan nau’in kawai a cikin yanayin greenhouse. Bayanin ya nuna cewa seedlings suna shirye don dasa su a cikin greenhouse ko buɗe ƙasa kawai idan seedling yana da aƙalla 2-3 a shirye kuma cikakke ganye. Idan akwai ganye 1 kawai a kan tsire-tsire ko babu koren ganye, to, tare da dasa shuki a cikin bude ƙasa ko a cikin greenhouse, yana da daraja jira.Bayan dasawa a cikin ƙasa, wajibi ne a bi wasu matakan wajibi don kulawa sprouts.
Ya kamata a lura da halaye na kulawa kamar haka: akai-akai da yawan ruwa na shuke-shuke, lokacin weeding na weeds, da kuma loosening, don cikakken iskar oxygen. a cikin ƙasa Yana da kyau a yi noma bayan kowace watering.
Hakanan ya zama dole a bi da dashen ku lokaci-lokaci tare da takin mai magani na musamman, manyan riguna masu amfani daban-daban: humus, taki, ash. Kamar yadda wannan nau’in ba shi da iyaka kuma tsayin daji ya kai mita biyu, yana da mahimmanci a haɗa bushes don guje wa lalata amfanin gona. Lokacin da ake girma ‘ya’yan itatuwa ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya yin gaba ɗaya ba tare da ɗaukar ‘ya’yan itace ba (sake dasa shuki), amma idan har yanzu ya zama dole, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙananan tukwane masu siffar murabba’i, kusan 10 * 10 cm, don samun yankin abinci mai mahimmanci. kowane seedling.
Cututtuka da kwari
Bayanin ya nuna cewa, a gaba ɗaya, halayen tumatir suna da kyau kuma wannan nau’in yana da fa’idar da ba za a iya musantawa ba akan nau’ikan iri iri, tunda iri-iri yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da yawa. Amma a cikin yanayi mara kyau, ko kuma idan an gudanar da noman irin wannan jerin ba daidai ba, mu’ujiza na rasberi na iya shafar wasu kwari da cututtuka.Wannan nau’in tumatir, kamar sauran, yana da haɗari ga rot, baƙar fata. Don hana cututtukan da ke sama, wajibi ne a yi amfani da matakan rigakafi da dama.
Cututtukan da aka kama da wuri za su ceci girbin ku. Akwai hanyoyi masu ban mamaki iri-iri don bi da tsire-tsire don cututtuka daban-daban. Mafi na kowa sun hada da: fesa tumatir tare da maganin calcium nitrate, jan karfe sulfate. Don kauce wa bayyanar launin ruwan kasa, yana da kyau a rufe shuka tare da agrofiber na musamman don dare.
Tumatir na da saukin kai hari daga kwari iri-iri, kamar farin kwari da aphids. Don kawar da waɗannan kwari, zaku iya amfani da hanyoyin da aka tabbatar, sinadarai na musamman da ƙwayoyin lafiya masu lafiya. Idan kun girma jerin abubuwan al’ajabi na rasberi bisa ga dukkan ka’idoji kuma ku bi shawarwarin da aka bayar, za ku iya girma tumatir masu kyau da kyau waɗanda suke da kyau don cin sabo da gwangwani.
