Tumatir don yankin Moscow ya kamata a zaba la’akari da yanayin da ke cikin wannan yanki. Yau, da yawa hybrids da aka ɓullo da cewa girma da kyau ko da a low yanayin zafi. Daga cikinsu akwai nau’ikan greenhouses da nau’ikan gadaje bude. Don ƙayyadewa da zaɓar tsaba masu kyau da tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku da halaye na kowane tumatir, amfani da rashin amfani.
Mafi kyawun tumatir ga yankin Moscow
Yadda ake zabar tumatir
Wadanda suke son shuka tumatir a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin bayan gari yakamata suyi la’akari da yanayin yanayi. Wannan yanki yana da:
- in mun gwada da dumin sanyi da lokacin zafi mai sanyi,
- sanyi a ƙarshen bazara da farkon fall,
- zafi mai yawa,
- iyakataccen adadin kwanakin rana.
Mafi kyau ga yankin Moscow sune nau’ikan da suka dace na ultra- cikakke, farkon da matsakaici. Tsawon lokacin ciyayi ya kai kwanaki 90. Idan kun shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai rufaffiyar a farkon Afrilu, to a cikin rabin na biyu na Mayu za ku iya rigaya canja wurin seedlings zuwa gonar, kuma a cikin Yuli za ku iya samun girbi na farko. Lokacin dasa shuki iri iri, akwai haɗarin rasa amfanin gona a farkon fall saboda sanyi.
Lokacin dasa tumatir a cikin yanayin greenhouse, yanayi da yanayin ba su da mahimmanci, don haka za ku iya zaɓar nau’in iri-iri tare da kowane lokacin ripening. Don noman greenhouse, hybrids tare da matsakaici da manyan shrubs cikakke ne.
An raba iri bisa ga manufar. Don abincin gwangwani da gwangwani, an zaɓi ƙananan tumatir da matsakaici, wanda ya cika a rabi na biyu na rani. Tumatir tebur na yankin Moscow na iya zama babba, tare da nama mai nama. Berries masu girma kamar zafi, a lokacin rani mai bushe, yawan amfanin su na iya zama ƙasa.
Iri don buɗe ƙasa
Shuka tumatir a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa a cikin bayan gari ba koyaushe bane mai sauƙi. Ana kashe su da ƙarshen bazara ko farkon sanyi. Har ila yau, a cikin sanyi, yanayi mai laushi, namomin kaza suna jin dadi, don haka ya kamata a fi son nau’in farko. Iri-iri na farko-farko sun fi dacewa, waɗanda ke samar da amfanin gona da sauri kuma ba su da lokacin yin rashin lafiya. Ya kamata a sayi iri kawai daga amintattun masu siyarwa, masana’antun masana’antu. Yi la’akari da irin nau’in tumatir don buɗe ƙasa a cikin bayan gari ya fi riba.
Iceberg
An farkon iri-iri tare da lokaci guda samuwar duk ovaries. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da girma, zagaye, ja, girman dabino, nauyin kimanin 200 g. Dandanan dan kadan ne. Bushes suna da ƙananan, kusan 60-80 cm. Waɗannan tumatir ba sa buƙatar tsunkule. Suna jure wa yanayin zafi sosai, ba sa rashin lafiya ko da a cikin shekaru mafi ruwan sama. Tumatir suna da kyau kwarai salads, za su iya zama m, pickled. Ana iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa ta hanyar ciyar da tsire-tsire akai-akai tare da maganin polycarbonate, phosphates, urea.
Federico
Wani nau’in nau’in da ba kasafai ba ne a cikin Argentina. Waɗannan tumatur suna girma sosai a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a bayan gari. Lokacin girma yana da wuri, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna girma da wuri, bushes suna da ƙasa, har zuwa 100 cm, suna iya girma ba tare da tsintsa ba. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da girma, suna auna kimanin 0.1-0.2 kg, suna da siffar oblong. Tumatir an fara fentin su – kore da ratsan lemu akan bangon ruwan hoda. Suna da dadi sosai don dandana, salads suna da kyau don yin. Federico kuma yana da babban koma baya.
Farin ciki gnome
Wannan iri-iri ba ya tsoron marigayi blight
Iri-iri na tumatir na gida ya dace da yankin Moscow, saboda farkon ripening ba zai cutar da shi ba, yana da tsayayya ga sauran cututtukan fungal. Bushes suna da ƙananan, 30-50 cm, amma har yanzu yana da kyau a haɗa su zuwa goyan baya. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna elongated, tare da spikes a tukwici, ja. Girman tumatir cikakke ƙananan ƙananan: suna auna kimanin 80 g, ba sa fashe. Tumatir za a iya gwangwani ko ci sabo a cikin salads.
Demidov
Wani nau’in tsakiyar farkon wanda ya girma har tsawon kwanaki 100. Bushes suna girma zuwa 60 cm. Girman ‘ya’yan itacen bai yi girma ba, har zuwa 100 g. Siffar tana zagaye, daidaitacce, inuwa tana da haske ja. Don samun girbi mai yawa, an shuka shuka. Ruwa da taki sau ɗaya a mako. Wannan nau’in ciwon baya baya shafar shi.
Sultan F1
Wani nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i a cikin Netherlands yana girma sosai a cikin yanayin sanyi. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna bayyana da wuri sosai, lokacin girma shine kwanaki 70. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da girma, suna kimanin kimanin g 200, zagaye, dan kadan a saman da kasa. Yankuna 5-7 suna girma akan reshe ɗaya, ana girbe har zuwa kilogiram 15 na amfanin gona mai gadaje ɗaya. Tumatir na farko yana da kyakkyawan juriya na cututtuka da kuma yanayin girma mara kyau. Bushes ba su ɗaukar sarari da yawa.
Phytous
Iri-iri tare da matsakaicin balaga, lokacin girma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 100. Kushiyoyin suna da ƙasa, har zuwa rabin mita. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna zagaye, m, ƙananan, suna kimanin 70 g. Tumatir iri-iri ne unpretentious, yana da matsakaici juriya ga marigayi blight da sauran fungal cututtuka. Ana iya girbe ‘ya’yan itace da yawa kafin sanyi na farko.
Iri don greenhouses
A tsakiyar layi, manoma sun fi son dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouses, ba tare da dogara ga yanayin yanayi na yankin ba. Waɗanne nau’ikan tumatir ne aka fi shuka su a yankin Moscow a ƙarƙashin fim kuma a cikin rufaffiyar greenhouses? Lokacin girma a cikin wannan yanayin ba shi da mahimmanci. Mafi sau da yawa, ana zaɓar hybrids masu jure cututtuka. Yana da kyawawa cewa bushes suna da ƙarfi kuma ba sa ɗaukar sarari da yawa. Mafi kyawun nau’in tumatir na yankin Moscow da aka girma a cikin greenhouses da seedbeds an bayyana a kasa.
da Barao
Wannan nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) yayin girma,wanda ke kara tsawon lokacin ‘ya’yan itace. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ƙanana ne, suna yin la’akari da 50-70 g, suna samar da kusan 7 kg a kowace murabba’in 1. m gadaje.Launi na iya zama daban-daban: akwai inuwar ruwan hoda, rawaya da ja daga Borao. Tushen tumatir suna da tsayi, suna iya girma har zuwa 1 m, dole ne a ɗaure su. Tumatir ba ya cutar da cutar latti.
Nevsky
Nevsky ya dace da noma akan baranda
Wannan tsohuwar iri ce da aka kirkira a cikin 1978. Tumatir ƙananan ƙananan ne, suna kimanin kimanin 50-60g, na launin ja. Amfanin amfanin gona ba shi da yawa sosai, kusan kilogiram 7,5 a kowace murabba’in kilomita 1. m gadaje. Abin dandano yana da kyau, mai dadi, tumatir za a iya pickled, ana iya yin salads daga gare su. Bushes ƙanana ne, m, har zuwa 5 shuke-shuke da 1 m ana dasa. Iri-iri yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka, yana jure wa rashin danshi. Tumatir ma ana iya girma a baranda.
Tari mai dadi
Wadannan tumatir sune mafi kyawun zaɓi ga yankin Moscow. Suna da babban yawan aiki, lokacin girma shine kwanaki 90-100. ‘Ya’yan itãcen suna ƙanana, har zuwa 40-45 berries an kafa su a cikin tari. Launi ja ne, ɗanɗanon yana da ɗaci. Tushen suna da tsayi, suna iya kaiwa 2-2.5 m, saboda haka suna buƙatar ƙarin tallafi. Iyakar abin da ya rage ga tumatir shine ƙarancin jurewar cutar rashin lafiya. Dole ne a kula da tsire-tsire akai-akai don hana fungi, yana da kyau a shayar da greenhouse kullum.
Andromeda F1
A high yi matasan musamman tsara don greenhouses. Lokacin ciyayi yana tsakiyar farkon, kwanaki 90-100. Matsakaicin rassan rassan shrubs na iya yada har zuwa 1 m tsayi, amma a matsakaita sun kai 55-70 cm. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sune ja, zinariya da ruwan hoda, nauyin su shine 0.1-0.2 kg, nau’in ‘ya’yan itace mai yanke hukunci (an kafa ovaries a hannu a lokaci guda) 5-7 berries an kafa a kan goga. Tare da 1 m gadaje za ku iya samun kilogiram 9-10 na tumatir. Matasan suna jure wa yanayin zafi sosai, yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun.
F1 Bishara
Wani high-performance matasan. Irin wannan tumatir na yankin Moscow suna da riba sosai don girma a cikin greenhouses. Da 1 sq. m tattara har zuwa 20 kg na samfurori. Hakanan ana iya dasa tumatir a cikin lambun da aka bude, amma yawan amfanin su yana raguwa. Bushes suna da tsayi, 1.6-1.8 m, an kafa su a cikin 2 mai tushe, suna buƙatar tallafi. Lokacin girma: kimanin kwanaki 100. A matasan ne resistant zuwa da yawa cututtuka.
Typhoon F1
Hybrid tare da babban yawan aiki da ƙananan ciyayi (kwanaki 90-95). Bushes suna girma zuwa tsayi har zuwa mita 2. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna zagaye, suna auna kimanin 0.1 kg, 5-7 berries an kafa su akan reshe ɗaya. Tumatir yana da daɗi, galibi ana cinye shi sabo ne. Abin takaici, ba a adana su ba da kuma jigilar su. Tare da 1 m gadaje za ku iya samun kimanin kilogiram 15-16 na amfanin gona. Matasan yana da tsayayya da fungi da yawa, amma yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali, pinching na wajibi – rassan na iya zama rauni.
Tsuntsu farin ciki
Tumatir iri-iri tare da irin wannan sunan na asali na yankin Moscow yana cikin farkon farkon kwanaki 110-115. Bushes suna da ƙasa, har zuwa 50 cm, ana iya girma har ma a cikin karamin greenhouse. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne ja ja, lebur da zagaye, suna kimanin 100 g. Suna da ɗanɗano mai daɗi, ana iya ɗora su, a sanya su gishiri, a ƙara su cikin salads. Yawan aiki yana da kwanciyar hankali, babban juriya na cututtuka, kyakkyawan haƙuri na fari. Girma iri yana da amfani a ƙananan yankuna.
Iri na duniya
Akwai nau’ikan duniya da yawa
Tumatir na duniya don yankin Moscow yana da mashahuri sosai tare da mazauna rani. Waɗannan nau’ikan galibi suna girma a buɗe gadaje, amma kuma sun dace da girma a cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse. Yana da kyau a zabi farkon da tsakiyar kakar iri iri. Kuna iya rufe bushes a farkon matakin ciyayi, kuma a lokacin ciyawar ‘ya’yan itace, cire greenhouse don tumatir su sami karin hasken rana. Yana da sauƙi don canza hanyar girma, dangane da yanayin yanayi a cikin shekara da aka ba.
Tamara
Dangane da bayanin, Tamara shine sabon nau’in tantancewa tare da manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu nauyi daga 0.3 zuwa 0.5 kg. Siffar tumatur tana da lebur da zagaye, naman nama ne, inuwar tumatir ja ce. A kan reshe guda 4-6 berries an ɗaure. Lokacin ripening shine matsakaici, kwanaki 110-115.
Tumatir suna da kyau a adana su, sun dace da amfani da sabo, da kuma don pickling da kuma samar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace. Shrubs na matsakaici tsayi (80-120 cm), daidaitaccen, ba sa buƙatar bandeji na roba.
Novato
Iri-iri tare da matsakaicin lokacin girma na kusan kwanaki 115-130, saboda amfani da wannan nau’in tumatir don buɗe ƙasa a cikin bayan gari yana da ɗan iyakancewa. An kiyaye su da kyau kuma suna ba da ‘ya’ya idan shekara ta dumi, ba tare da marigayi da farkon sanyi ba.
Shrubs na iri-iri suna raguwa, 0.5-0.9 m. Ana ɗaure ‘ya’yan itatuwa 5-9 akan reshe. Suna da siffar oval, ja a launi, nauyin 70 zuwa 120 g. Matsakaicin yawan aiki, kusan 6 kg a kowace 1 m na gadaje. Tumatir suna da kyau adanawa da kuma jigilar su, sun dace da adanawa da salads, masu tsayayya da cututtuka da yawa, marasa fahimta don kulawa.
Kalmar Turanci
Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, an yi tagumi. Bushes suna girma kawai 15-20 cm, ba sa buƙatar ɗaure su. Ana dasa su duka a cikin greenhouse da kuma a cikin lambu ba tare da tsari ba. Tumatir suna girma da sauri, suna da girma. Yana yiwuwa a girbe su a ƙarshen Yuni, ana samun kusan kilogiram 10 na ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu nauyin kilo 0.2 daga shuka ɗaya. Siffar berry tana zagaye, inuwar kwasfa tana da haske ja. Matasan yana da juriya ga cututtuka da yawa, yana jure rashin ruwa, kuma yana da rigakafi ga yawancin cututtukan da aka sani.
Altai
Wani nau’in tumatir na tsakiyar kakar tare da lokacin girma na kwanaki 110-115. Zai fi kyau a dasa shi a cikin greenhouse, amma zaka iya shuka shi a cikin lambun lambun budewa, Tumatir suna da girma, matsakaicin nauyin su shine 0.3-0.4 kg, amma suna iya girma har zuwa 0.5 kg. Suna da siffar zagaye, ja ko ruwan hoda. Abin dandano yana da dadi, tare da dan kadan acidity, a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara akwai abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna jure wa ajiya da sufuri, sun dace da salads da adanawa.
Tsawon bushes yana kusan 1,5 m, suna buƙatar ɗaure. A matasan ne resistant zuwa da yawa cututtuka.
Jafananci truffle
Tumatir na Japan ba shine mafi mashahuri nau’in tumatir a yankin Moscow ba. Balagagge na iri-iri shine matsakaici, kwanaki 110-120. Bushes na waɗannan tumatir na yankin Moscow a cikin bude ƙasa ya girma har zuwa 1,5 m, a cikin greenhouse – har zuwa 2 m, suna buƙatar ɗaure. Girman ‘ya’yan itace shine matsakaici, suna kimanin kimanin 100-200 g, suna da siffar asali wanda yayi kama da digo. Fatar jiki da nama ja-ja-jaya ne ko launin zinari. Abin dandano yana da dadi, fata yana da bakin ciki, tumatir za a iya cinye sabo ko gwangwani. Rashin tumatur shine ƙarancin ikon siyan iri a kasuwa.
Medok
Waɗannan su ne mafi kyawun nau’ikan don yankin Moscow. A farkon maturing Medok matasan za a iya girma a karkashin fim din kuma a cikin bude ƙasa, da girma kakar ne kawai 85 days. Shrubs suna raguwa, 50-60 cm, amma suna buƙatar garter. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne oblong, ƙanana, suna auna kusan 70-80 g. Suna dandana, ana iya ci sabo da gwangwani. Matasan suna da juriya ga cututtuka da yawa, gami da rashin lafiya na marigayi. Ana iya girma har ma ba tare da ƙarin watering ba.
jigila
Tumatir iri-iri mara fa’ida wanda ke jure yanayin zafi da kyau. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 95-110. Bushes ba su da ƙasa, har zuwa 50 cm, suna da ƙarfi sosai, ba sa ɗaukar sarari da yawa akan gado. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne oblong, mai dadi, nama, ja mai haske, kada ku fashe. Girman su ƙanana ne, nauyinsa shine 60-70g. Jirgin ya dace da juicing, kayan lambu masu gauraye, za ku iya ƙara su zuwa salads, yin abinci na yara. Ci gabanta yana ƙara shahara.
Farin dunƙule
White dunƙule – tumatir na duniya don greenhouses kusa da Moscow da bude ƙasa. An gwada iri-iri na lokaci-lokaci, an haife shi a cikin 1979 a Kazakhstan. Shuka a cikin greenhouse yana yada har zuwa 70 cm, a cikin lambun – har zuwa 50 cm. Lokacin maturation a cikin greenhouse shine kwanaki 85-90, a cikin gado na waje game da kwanaki 100. Launin ‘ya’yan itace ja ne, siffar zagaye, akwai ɗan haƙarƙari. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna kimanin 130 g kowace. 3-4 kilogiram na amfanin gona ana samun sauƙin girbe daga daji. Yana da juriya mai sanyi, amma yana buƙatar aiki daga ƙarshen buguwa.
