Abubuwan da ke haifar da bushewar ganye a cikin tsiron tumatir –

Wani lokaci ganyen tumatir ya bushe don dalilai na halitta, amma a mafi yawan lokuta wannan shine sakamakon rashin kulawa da shuka. Dalili na wilting da hanyoyin magance matsalar za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Dalilan leaf wilting a cikin tumatir seedlings

Tufafin rashin karatu

Me yasa tumatir ke bushe ganye? Yawancin lokaci dalilin shine rashin tsarin abinci mara kyau. Matsalolin na faruwa ne ta hanyar rashi da wuce gona da iri ɗaya ko wani abu.

Da farko, kuna buƙatar sanin wane ganye ne matsalar ta shafa.

1. Idan tsohon ganye ya juya rawaya akan tumatir, babu isasshen nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc ko molybdenum.
2. Idan saman saman tumatir ya bushe kuma ya zama rawaya, ba sa samun isasshen calcium, chlorine, boron, sulfur, manganese, ko baƙin ƙarfe.

Leaf ya bushe daga rashin ɗayan ko wani abu na abinci mai gina jiki yana da sauƙin bi da shi. Don yin wannan, daidaita aikace-aikacen takin mai mahimmanci.

Nitrogen

Rashin nitrogen a cikin isasshen yawa yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa tumatir ba sa girma, sun kasance ƙananan tare da ƙananan foliage. Jijiyoyin ganyen sun juya zuwa rasberi, sannan a hankali gabaɗayan ganyen ya zama rawaya kuma ya bushe. Don gyara halin da ake ciki, ana shayar da gadaje tumatir tare da maganin urea da aka shirya a cikin adadin 30 g na taki a kowace lita 10 na ruwa.

Phosphorus

Rashin sinadarin phosphorus yana bayyana ta launin ruwan violet na ganyen shuka, mai wuya da ganyaye. Yin watsi da irin waɗannan alamun yana haifar da mutuwar tushen. Don hana faruwar hakan, ana zuba teaspoon 1 a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka. superphosphate don ingantaccen girma.

Potassium

Idan kananan ganyen da suka murɗe su zama tubules sun bayyana a saman gadaje na tumatir kuma tsofaffin sun zama rawaya kuma sun bushe, ana ciyar da shuka da takin potash. Matsakaicin adadin potassium yana taimakawa tsiro don tsayayya da cututtuka daban-daban. Yin amfani da bayani na 40 g na potassium sulfate a kowace lita 10 na ruwa yana mayar da ma’auni na ma’auni a cikin gadaje tumatir.

Magnesio

A cikin girma girma, tumatir sprouts da gaske bukatar magnesium, rashinsa yana bayyana ta yellowing na ganye tsakanin veins. Bayan haka, dukan sprout withers. Rashin ƙarancin magnesium yana ramawa ta hanyar fesa gadaje tare da maganin magnesium sulfate a cikin adadin 5 g a kowace lita 10 na ruwa.

tutiya

Ƙananan rawaya a kan ganyayyaki na kayan lambu na kayan lambu suna nuna rashin tumatur na zinc Don sake cika wannan kashi, masu lambu suna tsoma 5 g na zinc sulfate a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Ana fesa tsire-tsire tare da maganin da aka shirya.

Molybdenum

Ganyen kore masu haske tare da ɗigon rawaya da lanƙwasa gefuna suna nuna ƙarancin molybdenum. Wannan kashi yana da alhakin samar da chlorophyll. Yana da kyau a kula da kawar da matsalar a cikin fall. Ƙasar da ke cikin gadaje na gaba an wanke fari, ana amfani da takin mai dauke da phosphorus. Idan tumatir sun shawo kan matsalar bayan dasawa zuwa wuri na dindindin, ya kamata a yi suturar foliar tare da maganin ammonium molybdate wanda aka shirya a cikin adadin 10 g na taki a kowace lita 10 na ruwa.

Calcio

Sassan rawaya na iya nuna rashin calcium

Yellowish da discolored Sashin na sama na ganye a cikin gadaje tumatir yana nuna lalacewar tushen tsarin ko tsarin tumatir gaba ɗaya. Wannan yana haifar da rashin calcium, 5 g na calcium nitrate da aka diluted a cikin guga na ruwan dumi zai taimaka wajen sake cika ajiyarsa.

Hierro

Rashin ƙarfe yana haifar da chlorosis na ganye. Wannan lamarin ba kasafai ake yin noman tumatir ba. Wannan yana faruwa idan ƙasa a cikin gadaje ta cika da lemun tsami. Don sake cika ajiyar wannan kashi, ana kula da ƙasa da baƙin ƙarfe sulfate. An shirya wani bayani daga 5 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi don kowane lita 10 na ruwa.

Chlorine, sulfur da sauransu

Rashin chlorine yana nunawa ta hanyar mutuwar ganye da ƙananan harbe. Tare da rashin sulfur, ganyen suna juya kamar buga labarai. Rashin boron yana bayyana ta wurin busheshen sassan. Tare da rashin manganese, ganyen tumatir ya fara samun launi mai haske, sannan ya bushe, ya bushe ya mutu.

Don mayar da ma’auni na waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki, ana kula da shukar tumatir tare da shirye-shirye na musamman da ke dauke da abubuwan da aka lissafa. An shirya mafita bisa ga kashi: 5 g na abubuwan ganowa da guga na ruwa.

Rashin isasshen ruwa

Tumatir suna da kyau sosai game da tsarin shayarwa. Rashin ruwa mara kyau, da kuma yawan danshi, yana haifar da sakamako mai lalacewa. A cikin akwati na farko, tumatir ya bushe kuma ya bushe, a cikin na biyu sun fara rot. Kowane mai lambu zai iya fuskantar irin wannan matsala a kowane mataki na ci gaban shuka: na farko lokacin da ake girma seedlings, sa’an nan kuma har sai an dasa amfanin gona a wuri na dindindin a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin bude ƙasa.

Don tsara ruwa mai kyau na tumatir, ya kamata a kiyaye wasu dokoki:

1. Kada ka shayar da shuka sau da yawa tare da ƙananan ruwa. Tumatir suna son haske amma yawan shayarwa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine shuka tumatir shayar sau 1-2 a mako.
2. Tumatir ya kamata a shayar da shi a hankali a ƙarƙashin tushen, a hankali kada a taɓa ƙananan ganye. Wannan yana hana ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi girma a cikin ɓangaren kore na amfanin gona.
3. Tumatir na buƙatar nau’ikan danshi daban-daban yayin lokutan haɓaka daban-daban. A lokacin lokacin girma mai aiki, ƙananan harbe suna buƙatar ruwa mai yawa fiye da lokacin samuwar ovaries da ripening ‘ya’yan itace.

Lokacin girma tumatir a cikin greenhouse, dole ne a kula don kula da yanayin zafi a cikin ɗakin. Idan iska a cikin tsari na fim ya bushe sosai, ya isa ya sanya kwantena tare da ruwa tsakanin gadaje tumatir. Zai iya zama kowane akwati tare da wuyansa mai fadi. Lokacin da zafi mai yawa a cikin greenhouse, ana bada shawara don shayar da ɗakin.

Bambancin yanayin zafi

Bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi yana da illa ga shuka

Tumatir tsire-tsire ne mai yawan zafin jiki, don haka bushewa da rawaya ga ganyen shuka ana iya danganta su da canje-canjen yanayin zafi.

Don ƙirƙirar tumatir sprouts a cikin yanayi mai dadi a lokacin rana, ana bada shawara don kula da zafin jiki a cikin kewayon 22 zuwa 30 ° C. Da dare, ma’aunin zafi da sanyio bai kamata ya sauke ƙasa da 12 ° C. Bambanci tsakanin ƙimar rana da ma’aunin zafi na dare. ba zai iya wuce 5 ° C ba.

Don kauce wa matsaloli, yana da kyau a shuka amfanin gona a cikin greenhouse: yana da sauƙin daidaita yanayin iska a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin.

Ganyen ganyen da aka lanƙwasa, na iya haifar da zafi mai tsanani.Don rage tasirin amfanin gona mai zafi da ke tsirowa a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, masu lambu suna ba da shawarar gina kanofi.

A cikin yaki da zafi a cikin greenhouse, samun iska na dakin yana taimakawa, in ba haka ba daɗaɗɗen zai tara a ƙarƙashin murfin fim, wanda a cikin adadi mai yawa zai iya lalata gadaje tumatir.

Cututtuka

Crown wilt na iya lalacewa ta hanyar kwayoyin cuta da fungi. Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da sauƙin ganewa. Ana fitar da su ta wasu ƙananan guraben launin ruwan kasa tare da gefuna masu haske. Ganyen da ke da irin waɗannan alamun sannu a hankali yana bushewa. Don hana harbe daga wilting, wajibi ne a yi amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman da ke dauke da jan karfe.

Mafi yawan cututtukan fungal na tumatir shine fusarium wilt, alamun da ke nuna cewa tsiron ya shafa sune:

• manyan harbe masu bushewa ba tare da wani dalili ba.
• foliage wanda ya canza launi daga koren yau da kullun zuwa rawaya,
• ganye masu lanƙwasa da faɗuwa.

Binciken

Don kauce wa irin wannan cuta a cikin gadaje tumatir, wajibi ne don aiwatar da prophylaxis:

• don shukar ƙasa an lalata su da wani bayani na potassium permanganate,
• kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don tono suna da tsabta,
• ana bi da tsaba kafin shuka.

Idan a kan gadaje duk da haka, akwai alamun Fusarium wilt, wajibi ne don sarrafa kayan lambu tare da shirye-shirye na musamman, ciki har da Fitosporin, Trichodermin.

ƙarshe

Lokacin da ganyen da aka bushe suka bayyana a cikin gadaje na tumatir, dole ne ku gaggauta amsa wannan. Mafi mahimmanci, an yi kuskure a kula da tsire-tsire. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan matsalolin suna da sauƙi don kawar da su: ya isa ya daidaita shayarwa, yanayin zafi, zazzabi, mita da abun ciki na hadi.