Kaji irin na Sussex ya samo sunansa daga yankin Ingilishi na Sussex. A can ne aka kawo wannan tsohon tsuntsu zuwa ga alamominsa na yanzu (zaka iya samun bayaninsa a cikin takardu daga zamanin daular Romawa (karni na farko BC), ya kasance). A cikin Burtaniya, yana da mashahuri, akwai ƙungiyar fan, wanda membobinsa ke goyan bayan purebred sussex.
Kaji na Sussex wani nau’i ne da ba kasafai ba a Turanci
Takaitaccen bayani game da nau’in
- Nau’in yawan aiki : nama – kwai.
- Nauyin zakara : matsakaici mai nauyi (3-3.8 kg).
- Nauyin kaza Matsakaicin nauyi (2.2-3 kg).
- Farkon kwanciya kwai: farkon (watanni 6).
- Samar da kwai : matsakaici (kwai 190-200 a kowace shekara).
- Ayyukan – unpretentious ga ciyar da ciyar yanayi, resistant zuwa cuta.
- Girman kwai : 55-62 da.
- Shin sabon shiga zai dace? : a.
Cikakken bayanin
Kaji na Sussex ba su da arha Ba su mamaye wuraren farko a cikin manyan masu daraja ba, amma halayensu sun cancanci kulawa.
Farin Kokhin da Dorking, haske Brahma da Ornington, Cornish da sauransu
ya shiga cikin samuwar irin
Tsuntsaye suna da kyan gani, suna iya zama kayan ado a cikin yadi na kowane tsuntsu. Fim ɗin ya bambanta.
- Launi na Colombian ya yi nasara: babban launi shine fari, wuyansa (a cikin nau’i mai kyau) kuma wutsiya baki ne. A lokaci guda kuma, suna da iyakar fari.
- Azurfa – fuka-fukan fuka-fukan baƙar fata tare da farin iyaka sun rufe dukkan jiki.
- Calico – launin ruwan kasa-ja-ja tare da tukwici mai haske,
- Fawn – gashinsa rawaya-ja akan jiki kuma duhu cikin sautuna biyu – a wuyansa da wutsiya,
- Tare da launin ja a baya da wutsiya, gashin tsuntsaye masu duhu.
Yana da wuya a sami farin da sarauta, wanda yayi kama da Colombian, amma wuyansa da wutsiya ba baki ba ne, amma purple-lilac.
Masu kiwo suna haifar da nau’in dwarf. Wakilansu a Ingila sun kiyaye launin Colombian, kuma a Jamus sun zama launin ruwan kasa (launin ruwan kasa).
Sussexes suna wakiltar jagorancin kwan naman, don haka suna da girma sosai. Nauyin zakara yana daga 3 zuwa 3.8 kg, da kaji daga 2.2 zuwa 3. Ƙafafun kafafu suna da gajere da ƙarfi, kai ƙananan ne, jiki yana ninka daidai gwargwado.
Kwancen yana da ƙananan, zakara suna da girma, madaidaiciya, tare da hakora 4-5, ja mai haske, wutsiya gajere.
fushi
Tsuntsaye suna da yanayi mai natsuwa da sassauƙa, da sauri sun saba da mai shi, suna iya zama masu girma.
ilhami na ciki
Kaji sune kaji masu kyau. Bayan bayyanar kaji, ba sa watsi da su, suna ci gaba da kulawa da adanawa. Za su iya zama a kan ƙwai sau 3 a lokacin rani.
Wani fasali na musamman shine ikon ƙayyade jima’i na kajin nan da nan bayan hatching: maza suna da launin rawaya na inuwa mai duhu.
Yawan aiki
Kajin Sussex suna da fa’ida sosai don kiyayewa. Suna da alamun samar da nama da kwai a saman. Tuni a cikin watanni 3.5 maza sun kai nauyin kisa na 1.5 kg, kuma ingancin naman ba ya lalacewa tare da shekarun tsuntsu.
Kwancen kaji suna fara ƙyanƙyashe a cikin watanni 6 kuma suna yin ƙwai har zuwa 190-200 a kowace shekara, nauyin kwai 55-62 g. A ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayin kulawa da ciyarwa, wasu masu shayarwa sun karɓi guda 250. da shekara
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da irin
Kyawawan kaji marasa ma’ana
Manoman kaji na Sussex suna magana game da fa’idodin wannan nau’in:
- unpretentious abun ciki,
- jure cututtuka,
- high yawan aiki Manuniya,
- m hali,
- m bayyanar.
Lalacewar sun haɗa da kawai yana da wahala a sami tsuntsu na gaske.Sau da yawa masu siyar da rashin mutunci a ƙarƙashin sunan su suna sayar da giciye masu launi iri ɗaya ko giciyen tsuntsaye waɗanda ba su kai ga ma’aunin ƙima. Kuma dangane da wannan, wani lokacin za ka iya jin munanan maganganu.
Halayen kiwo
Shiryawa
Kajin Sussex kaji ne masu kyau. Duk da girmansu, suna sarrafa ƙwai sosai. A karkashin kaza, zaka iya sa qwai 13-15, lokacin hatching shine kwanaki 21. Qwai kuma sun dace da incubator.
Alimentos
Ciyar da kajin kamar haka:
- a cikin kwanaki 10 na farko, ba da yankakken dafaffen ƙwai (manufa 1 pcs10), ƙara cuku gida tare da semolina, ƙananan hatsi, abincin kaza, foda madara da kwamfutar hannu multivitamin crushed,
- 3-5 kwanaki zaka iya gabatar da yankakken ganye (alfalfa, clover, nettle),
- Kwanaki 5-7, ana yin haɗe-haɗe a cikin yogurt, man shanu, broth kifi,
- daga kwanaki 10 ana ba da damar dafaffen kayan lambu (dankali, kabewa, zucchini, karas, da sauransu),
- daga kwanaki 10 ƙara dakakken alli, dafaffen ƙwai, a cikin wani akwati dabam – tsakuwa mai kyau ko yashi mai laushi.
- abinci mai gina jiki don kaji, wanda duk abincin yana da gina jiki, sauran sun daidaita, ana bada shawara don maye gurbin akalla 50% na abinci,
- Dole ne ruwan sha ya kasance koyaushe.
Kulawar kaji
Irin wannan nau’in yana da kyakkyawar rayuwa mai kyau, kusan 95%. Hakanan ba su da ma’ana kuma basa buƙatar kowane magani na musamman. Don haka, dole ne ku bi ƙa’idodin gama gari:
- kada kaji tashi ko sha,
- lokacin da aka ajiye su ba tare da kaza ba, dole ne a mai da su tare da fitilar infrared don watan farko na rayuwa,
- Za a iya ajiye takarda a ƙasa kuma a tsoma abincin kaji, sannan kuma grits.
- sanya blenders na minti 30-40, sannan a cire su (don kada abincin ya zama acidity),
- kwanaki 10 na farko suna ciyarwa kowane awa 2.
Halayen abun ciki na manya
Menene gidan kaji ya zama?
Tun da sussex ya ishe su, kuna buƙatar kaji mai faɗi (aƙalla murabba’in murabba’in 1 don burin 4-5). A ƙarƙashinsa, zaku iya daidaita gine-ginen da ake da su ko gina sabon daga tubalan katako, bulo da silicate. Yana da kyau a lura da waɗannan yanayi a cikin gidan kaza:
Dole ne a keɓe ganuwar ta yadda a cikin hunturu ana kiyaye zafin iska a 15 ° C (amma ba ƙasa da 10 ° C ba). Daban-daban masu dumama wutar lantarki sun dace don dumama ƙaramin sito.
Samar da iskar tilas ko iskar tilas.
An ɗora ƙasa da kyau tare da ragamar ƙarfe mai dacewa, wanda zai hana rodents.
Zaɓin mafi sauƙi shine kiyaye tsuntsaye a cikin zurfafan zuriyar dabbobi, wanda ake amfani dashi azaman peat, bambaro, sawdust, shavings. A cikin hunturu, wannan zai zama ƙarin dumamar yanayi don kajin kaza. Ana zuba kayan da ke cikin ƙasa tare da Layer na 8-15 cm na tsawon watanni 4-5, sau ɗaya a mako an cire saman saman tare da najasa kuma a zuba sabo. yankin kasa). Don samun ƙwai a cikin hunturu, ana buƙatar ƙarin tushen haske.
Ana iya haɗa fitilar tare da relay na lokaci, wanda za’a iya saita shi zuwa lokacin da ake so (12-14 hours), kuma hasken zai kunna da kashe ta atomatik. Haske mai haske ba zai yi aiki ba, kawai watts 60 a kowace murabba’in mita 10 ya isa. m.
Ya kamata a ajiye kaji a kan gado: suna da sanduna 5 × 6 cm tare da gefuna kaɗan. An shigar da su a tsayin 50 cm daga ƙasa. Idan akwai da yawa, yana da kyau a gyara su a tsayi ɗaya, kuma ba tare da tsani ba, tare da nisa tsakanin 35 cm kusa da 25 cm daga bango. Tsuntsu zai mamaye akalla 25 cm na perch.
Za a samar da gidajen a cikin mafi duhun gidan kaji. A gare su, kwalaye tare da tushe na 30 × 40 cm da tsawo na 30 cm, an shigar da 40 cm daga ƙasa, sun dace. Ana shirya gidaje 3-4 a cikin kaji 10.
Comida
Sanin daidai adadin ciyarwa yana da mahimmanci
A cikin hunturu, ana ciyar da tsuntsaye sau 2 a rana, da safe tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai laushi, kuma da yamma an ba su busassun hatsi.
Wuraren tafiya da haske na iya rataya kabeji a bango, ƙwanƙwasa, tsintsiya, kaji za su yi kiba da jin daɗi.
A lokacin rani, tare da aiki mai kyau na waje, suna ba da abinci sau 1 (da safe) idan tsuntsu ba ya tafiya ko wurin tafiya yana da ƙananan – sau 3.
Abincin kaji ya kamata ya zama iri ɗaya:
- 60% – hatsi da sharar su,
- 30% – kayan lambu da cuku da aka dafa (dankali, gwoza, artichoke, kabewa, zucchini, karas, da sauransu).
- 10% sabo ne ko busassun kayan lambu, foda hay, yankakken fir da alluran Pine (a cikin hunturu), madara da kayan kiwo.
Yana da amfani don ba sprouted hatsi a matsayin bitamin miya don hunturu.
A matsayin ƙari, dakakken alli da gawayi, tsakuwa mai kyau ko yashi mai laushi ana buƙatar. Kuna buƙatar samun dama ga ruwa mai tsabta.
Ciyarwar kaza na iya ba da abinci mai tsada amma daidaitacce.
Wurin tafiya
Dole ne kaji suyi tafiya ko da a cikin hunturu. Ana ba da shawarar cewa wurin tafiya ya yi aƙalla sau 2-3 a cikin yankin fiye da kajin kaji. An katange shi da raga: idan kana so ka hana ko da sparrows daga damuwa da tsuntsaye, yi amfani da karamin raga.
Wasu masu gida sun sanya rufin don kare su daga ruwan sama.
Zubar da ciki
Sussex ma yana da saurin zubarwa, kamar sauran kaji.
Detachment tsari ne na halitta. Yawanci, yana faruwa a cikin kaka. A wannan lokacin, tsuntsu ya dubi mummuna, ya ɓace, amma a gaskiya ma, ƙarfin canjin plumage yana nuna kyakkyawan samar da kwai.
Kyakkyawan kwanciya yadudduka girma tare da sabon gashin tsuntsu a cikin makonni 6-8. Kuma wadanda suka yi mummunan rauni, suna tafiya a hankali, suna farawa a tsakiyar lokacin rani, duk abin da ke faruwa ba tare da lura da mai shi ba.
Wannan lokacin yana da damuwa, don haka yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da kulawa sosai: ƙara bitamin da ma’adanai zuwa abinci, samar da wuri mai dumi kuma kada ku damu.
A lokacin molt, tsuntsu yana da rauni: yana daina yin ƙwai kuma yana ƙoƙarin zama shi kaɗai.
Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa
Wannan tsohuwar nau’in kaji yana da rigakafi mai kyau. Masu shayarwa sun daɗe suna aiki akan wannan ingancin. Duk da haka, idan ba a kiyaye ka’idodin kulawa da ciyarwa ba, tsuntsu zai iya yin rashin lafiya. Yi la’akari da cututtuka da aka fi sani.
Coccidiosis, mafi m a cikin matasa dabbobi. Alamar siffa ita ce zawo mai jini a kan bangon rashin ƙarfi na gaba ɗaya. Don dakatar da kamuwa da cutar, ana cire marasa lafiya, sauran kuma ana kula da su da shirye-shirye na musamman, tunda suma suna iya kamuwa da cutar.
Mycoplasmosis yana faruwa a kan manyan gonaki tare da yanayin cunkoson jama’a, matsanancin zafi, da babban matakin ammonia a cikin ɗakin. Cutar tana shafar huhu, tari na tsuntsu. Don cikakken ganewar asali na wannan cuta, ya kamata a yi gwajin jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na dabbobi, kuma kawai bayan fara magani.
Akwai maganin alurar riga kafi daga mycoplasmosis, rigakafi yana ɗaukar watanni 6-8, sannan an sake yin alurar riga kafi.
Lice na iya zama damuwa mai tsanani, rage yawan aiki. Don gane kasancewar su, dole ne ku bincika tsuntsaye a cikin ciki. Ingantacciyar ma’auni a cikin yaƙi da ƙwanƙarar kaji shine yin wanka a cikin ruwan dumi mai ruwa na magungunan antiparasitic. Ana kula da bangon gidan kaji iri ɗaya.
Masu cin ƙasa ƙananan kwari ne marasa fuka-fuki, girmansu har zuwa 2mm, tare da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, za su iya barin kajin gaba ɗaya ba tare da gashin tsuntsu ba a wasu wurare. Suna da sauƙin hange a cikin yankin kai lokacin da tsuntsu yana zaune a hankali. Jiyya iri ɗaya ne da na rauni na tsutsa.
Ascaridosis yana da wuyar gaske, musamman a cikin ƙananan dabbobi. Idan ana zargin mamayewa, ana ciyar da kaji magungunan anthelmintic, amma ba a ba da shawarar cin ƙwai a cikin mako guda bayan magani.
Salmonellosis yana bayyana ta rawaya-kore gudawa, ana yada shi ga mutane ta hanyar danyen ƙwai. Don maganin sa, akwai magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta daban-daban.
A cikin tsakar gida don tafiya a ƙarƙashin rufin, yana da kyau a shirya ash da kuma wanka na yashi inda kaji zasu iya tsaftace kansu. Kuna iya ƙara musu foda masu tsutsotsi.
Sharhin mai shi
Masu kiwon Sussex sun amsa da kyau ga wannan nau’in kaza.
Sun lura cewa daga waɗannan tsuntsaye suna samun yawan amfanin nama mai kisa akan farashi mai rahusa. Haka kuma, ba su da hazaka, suna da yawan ƙwai don samar da nama da ƙwai, ba sa jin haushin abinci, suna cikin buƙatu (da sauƙi a sami masu saye idan sun haihu).
