Farin kajin Rashanci –

Kaji farar fata na Rasha, wanda ya shahara tare da masu shayarwa, an yi shi ne bisa tushen leghorns da capes. Don shuka tsuntsu tare da juriya mai kyau ga yanayin yanayi, an haye shi da kaji na asali. Sakamakon ya kasance shanu masu samar da kwai mai kyau da ingantaccen rigakafi.

Iri na farar kajin Rasha

Halayen iri

Bayanin nau’in ya ƙunshi halaye da yawa:

• babba, kamar kurji mai siffar ganye, mai siffar ganye, ɗan rataye a gefe ɗaya, a cikin zakara, yana tsaye, ya ƙunshi hakora 5,
• kai matsakaici ne, zagaye,
• idanun sun yi ja,
• kunnuwan sun yi fari, masu kauri.
• wuyan bai yi tsayi da yawa ba, kauri.
• kirjin yana da fadi da zagaye.
• wutsiya karami ne, tare da kusurwar 90 ° a baya,
• kafafu suna da ƙarfi, launin rawaya mai haske.

Tumbin fari ne na musamman, ba tare da wani canji zuwa wasu inuwa ba.

Inda zan siya

Kuna iya siyan wannan nau’in a wurare daban-daban a cikin ƙasarmu: Adler, Maryinsky kaji gonaki, Mashuk, Pushkin gene pool a St. Petersburg da VNITIP a Moscow.

Farashin kwai mai ƙyanƙyashe a cikin tafkin tarin Pushkin shine 90, a VNITIP – 30 rubles don 1 pc. Matsakaicin farashin dabbobin matasa a cikin gonakin kaji yana daga 400 zuwa 500 rubles.

Hali

Farar kaji na Rasha suna da kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali. Suna sauƙin jure yanayin damuwa: jigilar kaya zuwa wani wuri ko canja wuri zuwa sabon gidan kaji, ba tare da rage alamun yawan aiki ba.

Zakara ba sa nuna zalunci ga mutane, kawai idan akwai hatsarin gaske, sun zama masu kare garke na gaskiya.

Yawan aiki

Kaza mai girma nauyi: a cikin girma, yana auna 1.8-2.4, zakara colo 3 kg.

An haifa irin nau’in don adadi mai yawa na ƙwai masu daɗi. A cikin shekara guda, mutum zai iya yin guda 200 zuwa 250, wasu har zuwa ƙwai 300.

Harsashi fari ne, matsakaicin nauyi shine 55-60 g, wani lokacin 65 g. Kwanciyar kazar ta farko tana farawa ne tun yana ɗan wata biyar.

Haihuwar ƙwai da aka dage farawa kusan kashi 95%, adadin kajin rayuwa shine 92-94%. Kajin suna girma da kyau, da sauri suna samun nauyi kuma ba su da fa’ida a cikin yanayin kiwo, ciyarwa.

Rushewa da katsewar samar da kwai

Tun daga makonni 48, kwanciya kaji yana rage yawan aiki: suna ba da ƙwai kaɗan amma mafi girma. A cikin shekaru 4 ko 5 na al’ada, ana aika su zuwa gidan yanka kuma a maye gurbinsu da matasa.

A cikin bazara, tsuntsaye suna raguwa

Kowace shekara molt yana faruwa a cikin kaji, yawanci a lokacin bazara. Canjin murfin gashin tsuntsu yana shafar lafiyar ku kuma yana daɗe na dogon lokaci (kimanin watanni 3-4). A wannan lokacin, tsuntsu ya daina tashi.

Don hanzarta aiwatar da molting da kuma taimakawa kwanciya kaji murmurewa da sauri, mai kiwon yana buƙatar tabbatar da ingantattun yanayi.

1. Daidaitaccen abinci tare da karuwa a cikin adadin furotin da ƙananan adadin calcium a cikin babban abincin. Irin wannan abinci yana ƙara ƙarfin girma na gashin tsuntsu.
2. An fi samar da kaji masu ƙwanƙwasa don a keɓe su da garke na gaba ɗaya, saboda akwai haɗarin rauni ga ɓangarorin da ba su da tushe.
3. Tsuntsaye suna karɓar zafi, tsaftacewa a cikin gidan kaza da ruwa mai tsabta a kowace rana, ana kara bitamin zuwa babban abinci.

ilhami na ciki

Ilhamar shiryawa ba ta da girma, don haka ana jefa ƙwai a ƙarƙashin wata kaza ko kuma a yi amfani da incubator don kiwon kaji. rashin dacewa da abun ciki na yadi.

AMFANIN KAMFANI DA RASHIN AMFANI

Yawancin masu shayarwa sun ƙi yin kiwo fararen kajin Rasha, sun fi son kiwo na waje tare da yawan aiki.

Amma, kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, a cikin yankuna masu tsananin sanyi da sauyin yanayi, wannan nau’in ya kasance mafi ƙarfi da manufa don kiwo.

Halayen shanu sun haɗa da fa’idodi da yawa:

• kyakkyawan aiki Manuniya,
• kyakkyawan dandano nama da qwai,
• lafiya mai kyau kuma babu rashin lafiyar neoplasm – godiya ga waɗannan halaye, nau’in an haife shi ba kawai a kan gonaki masu zaman kansu ba har ma a manyan gonaki,
• ba sa buƙatar abinci na musamman don cikakken girma da yawan aiki.

Rashin hasara na ɗaya: yana da wuya a sami kaji mai tsabta don ƙarin haifuwa.

Dokokin sake kunnawa

Don samun ‘ya’ya masu ƙarfi, kuna buƙatar amma amfani da ƙwai daga kaji masu lafiya waɗanda ke zaune a cikin garke ɗaya tare da zakaru.

Ɗauki sabbin samfurori, waɗanda ba su wuce kwanaki 5 ba. Ya kamata su zama matsakaici a cikin girman, ba ma elongated ko m don haka kajin an haife su da rashin aibi da kuma cikakken ci gaba. Dole ne saman ya zama lebur, santsi, ba tare da fasa ba.

Ana sanya su a cikin incubator, ana saita zafin jiki a 40 ° C, bayan mako guda an saukar da shi ta 1 ° C, ana maimaita wannan tsari kowane kwanaki 7.

Har sai kajin sun bayyana, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ƙwai suna da zafi sosai don a juya su sau da yawa a rana.

Kulawa da ciyarwa

Ana motsa kajin da suka bayyana a cikin kwali mai dumi ko akwatin katako, an rufe su da sawdust da bambaro.

Don bushe bindigar da sauri, saita zazzabi a cikin kewayon 23-25 ​​° C da haske mai yaduwa tare da kwararan fitila na wucin gadi. Mafi kyawun tsawon sa’o’in hasken rana shine sa’o’i 22.

A karon farko ana ba kajin abinci bayan an bushe su kuma an kunna su. Ka ba shi kwai dafaffen yankakken yankakken. Daga rana ta uku, ana kuma haɗa yankakken koren albasa a cikin abinci.

Bayan mako guda za ku iya ba da hatsi, cuku mai ƙananan mai, ci gaba da ciyar da gashin kwai da albasa.

Za a iya canza yara ‘yan watanni uku zuwa wani rukuni na kowa

Ana amfani da maganin glucose azaman abin sha. – 50 g na abu an diluted a cikin 1 lita na ruwan dumi. Bayan kwana 3, suna shan ruwan dumi na yau da kullun.

Har zuwa watanni 2, suna ciyar da kaji akai-akai, sau 3-4 a rana ba tare da iyakance adadin abincin ba. Mutanen da suka girma har zuwa watanni 2.5-3 suna canjawa wuri zuwa garke na gaba da abinci na manya.

Don haɓaka samar da kwai daga makonni 12, ana rage yawan ciyar da kaji.

Abubuwan kiwon kaji na manya

Farar kaji ba sa bambanta a cikin kulawar kulawa da kulawa, amma ta hanyar samar musu da yanayin da ya dace don girma da ci gaba, ana iya samun yawan aiki mai kyau, da kuma nau’in lafiya.

Coop

Wannan shine babban wurin zama na kaji da zakara, musamman a lokacin hunturu, don haka dole ne a shirya shi bisa ga bukatun tsuntsu.

1. Dole ne ya zama fili, ga mutum na 1 m³.
2. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki a cikin hunturu shine 23-25 ​​° C, a lokacin rani – 12-13 ° C.
3. Humidity a matakin 50-55% Ana iya samun wannan alamar ta hanyar samun iska ta yau da kullun na ɗakin ta kofofin ko tagogi.
4. Dole ne saman ƙasa ya zama dumi da tsabta. Da farko, ana jan shi da foil ɗin gwangwani don hana kai hari cikin gidan kaji. Sa’an nan kuma a rufe da lemun tsami mai kauri, wanda zai taimaka wajen hana cututtukan fungal. An rufe ƙasa da sawdust na itace, busasshiyar peat ko bambaro. An shimfiɗa ƙasa a ranar bushe da rana, saboda a cikin yanayi mai zafi yana ciyar da danshi, yana hana shi kuma yana iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban. Ana yin canjin shara aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara.
5. Bugu da ƙari, ana kuma bi da ganuwar ganuwar kajin, an wanke su tare da lemun tsami. Wannan abu yana lalata duk ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta a saman. Bayan jiyya, ɗakin yana samun iska, tsuntsaye suna fitowa bayan kwanaki 10.
6. Gidan kajin ya kamata a sanye shi da hasken baya. Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, hasken haske na fitilar ja ko shuɗi yana da kyau. A karkashin irin wannan hasken, kaji ba sa nuna zalunci kuma suna sauri da kyau.
7. Don ƙarin ta’aziyya, ana sanya perches akan tsuntsaye masu tsayi kimanin cm 50. Suna kuma sanya gida ga kowane matashi a wuri mai natsuwa da kwanciyar hankali.
8. Ka ba masu ciyarwa da kwantena na sha. Bayan kowace ciyarwa, ana tsaftace su kuma a wanke masu sha idan an bude su. Wasu masu shayarwa suna amfani da tsarin nono ko ramuka don dacewa waɗanda basa buƙatar tsaftace akai-akai. Ruwan da ke cikinsu yana yin sanyi na kwanaki da yawa.

Rabon ciyarwa

Abincin abinci da ka’idojin abinci na launin fata na Rasha.

1. Tushen shine abinci mai gina jiki: 120 g da mutum.
2. A cikin hunturu, ana ƙara garin ciyawa a cikin abinci, ana ba da yankakken hatsi, alkama, sha’ir da wake. Don ƙara yawan aiki da kula da lafiya, kaji suna karɓar hatsin da suka tsiro. Har ila yau, sanya feeders tare da bawo da guntu na alli. A cikin babban abinci, ƙara nama da abincin kashi ko abincin kifi. Duk waɗannan abubuwan haɓaka suna haɓaka abun ciki na calcium a cikin jiki, suna da tasiri mai amfani akan rigakafi da ingancin ƙwai.
3. A lokacin rani, tsuntsu yana son jin daɗin ciyawa, harsashi da kwari a gonar.
4. Har ila yau, a cikin shekara, gaurayawan dankalin da aka dafa da grated, sauran kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa ana kara su a cikin abinci.

Wurin tafiya

Halayen nau’in nau’in sun haɗa da yanayin kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali, saboda haka kaji ba sa buƙatar samar da wani shinge na musamman da aka rufe da gidan yanar gizon. Ya isa a yi shinge mai kusan 100 cm tsayi don kada tsuntsaye su wuce shingen.

Yawan dakin da za a yi tafiya, mafi kyau yana rinjayar lafiya da yawan aiki.

A cikin bazara, ana shuka yankin da hatsi, ta yadda a lokacin rani za a sami sabbin ganye. Har ila yau, wurin da za a yi tafiya ana sanya barkono da abincin teku tare da ƙara guntun alli. Wadannan abubuwan zasu kawar da rashi na calcium.

A cikin kaka, ana iya rufe shingen da rufi, ta yadda tsuntsaye za su iya tafiya a waje a lokacin sanyi kuma su fitar da ragowar abinci a ƙarƙashin murfin dusar ƙanƙara.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Wannan nau’in yana da babban rigakafi daga cutar, duk da haka, ƙwararrun masu shayarwa sun ba da shawarar matakai masu sauƙi da mahimmanci don rigakafin:

• allurar rigakafin kaji tun yana karami,
• zaɓi na ƙwai masu inganci, matsakaici da mara lahani don shiryawa,
• tsananin bin tsarin zafin jiki a cikin incubator,
• kiyaye kajin da matasa girma a cikin dakin dumi, bushe da isasshen iska,
• kauce wa cunkoson tsuntsu, saboda wannan na iya haifar da ci gaban cututtuka da cututtuka daban-daban.
• samar da kaji tare da cikakken abinci a cikin shekara tare da ƙarin bitamin, ma’adanai, ganye.

Kalaman Lambu

Gogaggen manoma sun ce farar kaza na Rasha shine ainihin ganowa ga masu farawa.

Nauyin ba ya buƙata a cikin abinci mai gina jiki da yanayi, kodayake yana da alamun yawan aiki.

Yawancin su sun fi son saboda yanayin shiru, wanda ke ba ka damar ajiye kaji a cikin yadi na kowa.

Wasu kuma suna da sha’awar samar da kwai mai kyau, wanda ke ba da damar samun ƙwai mai yawa don siyarwa.