Orpington kaji nau’in Ingilishi ne wanda ke cikin hukumar samar da nama. An haife shi a karnin da ya gabata kuma cikin sauri ya bazu zuwa kasashen Turai. Yanzu wannan nau’in, kamar Brahma, ya rasa matsayinsa a noman masana’anta. An bayyana ƙarin nau’ikan iri waɗanda suka kori tsuntsayen Burtaniya. Amma a gonaki masu zaman kansu, har yanzu ana kiwon kaji, har ma da halayen kayan ado.
Zana Orpington
Bayanin irin
An haife irin wannan nau’in a Ingila sama da shekaru 30. Mahaliccinsa shine William Cook, wanda bai rayu ba don ganin karvar ma’auni na ƙarshe. Ɗaya daga cikin yanayin kiwo shi ne samun tsuntsaye masu launin fari, wanda ya fi godiya da aristocrats. Har ila yau, manufar kiwo shine don samun tsuntsayen duniya masu nauyin nauyi, nama mai dadi da isasshen qwai.
A ƙarshe, an amince da ƙa’idar don kajin Orpington a cikin 1894. Sun fara yaduwa a cikin Turai. A Jamus, an karɓi tsuntsaye masu jajayen fuka-fukan daga wurinsu. A cikin 1989, Orpington ya ketare tare da Leghorn, wanda ya haifar da fararen fata. Wannan shine yadda kajin Orpington na zamani suke kama:
- Siffar jiki murabba’i ce.
- Shugaban karami ne, zagaye.
- ‘Fuskar’ tana rufe da siririyar fata. / Li>
- Gangar zakara da kaji suna da sifar ganye, madaidaiciya, yana da hakora 5-6.
- ‘Yan kunne matsakaici ne, zagaye.
- Bakin yana da girma da ƙarfi.
- Idanu matsakaita ne, daga lemu zuwa baki, ya danganta da launin gashin fuka-fukan.
- Jiki yana da girma, babba, fadi da ƙasa.
- Wuyan yana da matsakaici, an rufe shi da gashin fuka-fuki, dan kadan ya lankwasa gaba.
- Ƙarar G udka, ya miƙe kuma ya naɗe ƙasa.
- An fadada baya kuma an gajarta.
- Wutsiya gajere ne kuma fadi, tare da adadi mai yawa na gashin tsuntsu.
- Layin da ke haɗa wuyan, baya da wutsiya suna yin lanƙwasa mai siffa biyu. bakuna.
- Fuka-fukan suna ƙanana, an danne su a jiki.
- Kwatangwalo suna da yawa an rufe su da gashin fuka-fuki, masu iko.
- Ƙafafun suna da matsakaici, ba tare da plumage ba.
- Fatar fari ce.
- Nau’i da launuka na plumage sun bambanta.
Babban rashin amfanin kajin Orpington:
- kunkuntar jiki.
- Ƙafafu masu tsayi ko gajere.
- Lebur ƙirji.
- Tsawon wutsiya mai tsayi da tsayi.
- Farin shafa akan ‘yan kunne ko scallops.
- Fata mai launin rawaya
- Launi ba ya daidaita tsakanin baki da ƙafafu tare da alamar plumage.
Kaji sun fi maza ƙarfi. Bayansa ya fi tsayi, ciki ya fi zagaye kuma wutsiya ya fi guntu kuma ya fi fadi. Kwancen kwandon karami ne, amma kuma madaidaiciya, yana da hakora har guda biyar. A cikin ƙarin daki-daki za ku iya ganin alamun tsuntsaye na waje a cikin hoto da bidiyo.
Halayen samfur
Lokacin zabar kajin gida, yana da mahimmanci don tantance ingancin abinci. Orpington ana daukar nau’in nama da kwai na duniya kamar Kokhinhin, Wyandots ko Brahma. Ga taƙaitaccen bayaninsa:
- Roosters suna yin nauyin kilogiram 4.5-5, kaza – 3.5-4 kg.
- Samar da kwai – 160-180 guda a kowace shekara.
- Nauyin kwai shine 55-65 g.
- Kwai mai launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa, mai karfi.
- Adadin tsira ga kaji shine 93%.
Naman kaji yana da daɗi, mai daɗi kuma masu dafa abinci suna godiya sosai. Kaji suna girma a hankali, saboda yanzu ba za su iya jure gasar daga broilers ba. Tsuntsaye suna farawa a cikin watanni 6-7.
Ribobi da fursunoni na irin
Kajin Orpington, kamar kowane irin nau’in, suna da nasu fa’ida da rashin amfani. Abubuwan amfani sun haɗa da:
- nauyi mai girma,
- naman sabrosa,
- da ikon safarar ƙwai da yawa bayan shekaru biyu na rayuwa,
- yanayin nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali,
- ya bunkasa ilhamar uwa a cikin kaji.
Abin baƙin ciki shine, Orpingtons suna da rashi da yawa waɗanda ke hana tsuntsaye su mamaye matsayin jagoranci a aikin noma. . Lalacewar irin sun hada da:
- Gishiri da jinkirin samun kaji, yana rage riba sosai lokacin kiwon kaji.
- Ƙananan samar da kwai.
Orpington yana kiwo a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu. Don reno a cikin yanayin gonakin masana’anta, alamun kayan aikin ku sun yi ƙasa sosai. Kaji suna samun bita mai kyau daga masu mallakar, saboda ba su da ƙima, suna ba ku damar samun nama mai daɗi da qwai. Ana iya ba da shawarar nau’in lafiya ga masu fara kiwon kaji.
Nau’in iri
A lokacin zaɓi na dogon lokaci, wanda ya ci gaba ba kawai a cikin Burtaniya ba har ma a wasu ƙasashe, an haifar da nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in Orpington, wanda ya bambanta da juna a cikin launi na plumage, kafafu, idanu da baki. Tsarin jiki da halayen samfurin suna kama da juna. Da ke ƙasa akwai nau’ikan da aka fi sani da su da bayanin bayyanar su.
Black Orpington
Black Orpington sune wakilai na farko na asali na nau’in. Fuka-fukan suna da launin baki mai zurfi tare da koren tint. Suna haskakawa da haskakawa a cikin rana. Furen, baki da metatarsals a kafafun su ma baƙar fata ne, fata fari ce ta musamman, idanuwan sun yi launin ruwan kasa ko baki. Lalacewar launuka ne masu launin shuɗi da launin tagulla, dullness na plumage.
Farar orpington
Nau’in farin Orpington shine ainihin kishiyar baki. Furen sa fari ne kamar dusar ƙanƙara, ba tare da ƙarami ba. Metatarsal, lissafin da gefuna fari ne. Idanun suna ja-orange-ja. Ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine rawaya, wanda ya bayyana sau da yawa akan baya da fuka-fuki. An samo nau’in iri ta hanyar ketare Leghorn da baƙar fata zakara na Hamburg. White Dorking da Kokhinhin sun shiga cikin zaɓin.
Golden Orpington
Wannan nau’in kaza yana da launi na zinariya tare da baki baki. Zakara yana da kan ja jajayen launin ruwan kasa tare da abin wuya na zinare, an lulluɓe shi da manyan abubuwa masu duhu. Baya, kirji, kafadu, alade a kan wutsiya, gashin tsuntsu mai launin ruwan zinari, Gefen kowane gashin tsuntsu yana da iyaka da bakin iyaka. Ciki baki ne, mai launin ruwan kasa ko zinariya. Bakin baki da tarsus fari ne ko ƙaho mai haske, idanuwa-ja-ja-jaya ne. Kaji a wuya ba su da kyan gani kamar na maza.
Fawn Orpington
Fawn Orpingtons wani lokaci ana kiransa rawaya. Furen da ke cikin launinsa yayi kama da tsohon zinare. Kasan tsuntsayen kuma zinari ne, kamar santsin fuka-fukan. Ana rarraba launi a jiki daidai gwargwado, zakara mai tawny zai iya ficewa kawai tare da ingantaccen haske na wuyansa da baya. Bakin suna sheki, qafafunsu farare ne, idanuwa kuwa lemu ne masu ja. Bayyanar spots, wasu launuka a jiki, sai rawaya. Hakanan metatarsal da baki na launi daban-daban daga ma’auni ana ɗaukar rashin amfani.
Blue Orpington
Orpington Blue yana da kyakkyawan launi kamar azurfa. Yana da kyawawa cewa inuwar bluish-blue ba ta da ƙazanta. Gefen gashin tsuntsu, wanda ke da iyaka da duhu, yana da ban sha’awa sosai. Wuya da ƙananan baya na mace da namiji suna da launin shuɗi-baƙar fata, wutsiya da wutsiya shuɗi ne. Ƙafafun baki da ƙananan ƙafafu slate ne ko baki, idanu masu launin ruwan kasa ko baki. Lalaci shine karkatar da launi daga babban sautin shuɗi, rashin gefuna masu duhu, tabo akan gashin fuka-fukan, lissafin haske ko metatarsal da idanu na lemu ko ja.
Orpington buga
Buga Orpington kuma ana kiransa porcelain, tricolor, ko chapel. Asalin inuwa a cikin tsuntsaye shine ja-launin ruwan kasa. A ƙarshen duk gashin fuka-fukan za ku iya ganin tabo baƙar fata tare da farin dige a gefen waje, kama da lu’u-lu’u. Alade a kan wutsiya da gashin wutsiya a kan fuka-fuki baki ne, tukwicinsu fari ne. Launin baki da ƙafafu fari ne ko ƙaho, idanuwa ne orange da ja. Ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine tsananin baƙar fata ko fari na gashin fuka-fukan a wuraren da ba daidai ba, watsar da dige a ko’ina cikin jiki, kuma ba kawai a saman gashin fuka-fukan ba.
Orpington ja
An haifi nau’in jinsin a Jamus ɗaya daga cikin na farko Launin gashin fuka-fukan kaji da zakara yana da ja tare da chestnut, an rarraba shi daidai a cikin jiki. Gangar gashin fuka-fukan jajaye ne, baki da qafafunsu farare ne, idanuwansu orange ne masu launin ja.
Zauren orpington
Sau da yawa ana kiran launin ratsan shaho, kamar yadda ya yi kama da launin gashin fuka-fukan wannan dabbar daji. Babban inuwar plumage shine baki. Duk gashin fuka-fukan suna da faffadan farar layi, tukwici na fuka-fukan baƙar fata ne. Tsarin iri ɗaya ne a duk sassan jiki. Farar kafafu ko ƙaho da baki, idanu masu ja-orange. Lalacewar wannan nau’in Orpington nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i na nau’i na Orpington) wanda ke da lahani shi ne rashi, rashinsa a gefensa, tabo ko launi daban-daban banda baki da fari.
Marmara Orpington
Marble Orpingtons baki ne da fari. Babban inuwar gashin tsuntsu baki ne tare da koren tint. A kan tukwici na gashin fuka-fukan akwai ƙananan fararen aibobi a cikin siffar harafin Latin V tare da ƙayyadaddun iyaka. Tsarin daidai yake rufe dukkan jikin kaji da zakaru. Idanun tsuntsaye suna ja da lemu, metatarsal a bayyane yake. Launin launin ruwan kasa, rawaya ko ja akan gashin fuka-fukan ana ɗaukar hasara.
Perdiz Orpington ne
Wannan nau’in tsuntsu yana da wuya sosai, maza da mata suna da launi daban-daban na plumage. Ƙungiyar ƙungiyar Orpington tana da kai mai launin ja-launin ruwan kasa, daga abin da ke saukowa wani abin wuya na zinariya tare da ƙananan ƙananan layi na tsaye. Baya da kafadu kalar zinare ne, ciki, kirji, da ƙananan ƙafafu baƙar fata ne tare da iyakar launin ruwan kasa da kyar. Wutsiyar pigtail tana da gefuna na zinariya, kamar gashin fuka-fukan.
Babban launi na furannin kaji shine launin ruwan zinari. Tare da kowane gashin tsuntsu akwai iyakar layuka uku na baƙar fata. Ratsi suna daidai da juna. Duk jinsin biyun suna da idanuwa ja-orange-jajayen idanu, kodadde bakake metatarsals. Ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine launin fari a cikin plumage, wani tsari mai banƙyama, wanda aka haɗa tare da wasu launuka waɗanda ba a nuna su a cikin bayanin ba.
Lavender Orpington
Lavender ko cuckoo, Orpington kyakkyawan tsuntsu ne, wanda kwanan nan aka cire shi, Launi mai launi azurfa ne, mai ɗan ruwan hoda ko shunayya, kamar lavender. Zakara da kaji suna da launi ɗaya, ana rarraba su daidai a cikin jiki. Baya ga lavender, nau’in cuckoo na iya zama lemun tsami rawaya. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a sami layi mai tsabta na waɗannan tsuntsaye, kamar yadda giciye sau da yawa suna da ƙazanta na wasu launuka. Don ƙarin fahimtar yadda Tsararren Lavender Orpingtones yayi kama, zaku iya duba hotuna da bidiyo.
Siffofin abun ciki
A gida, kiyaye kajin Orpington yana da halaye na kansa. Kada mu manta cewa waɗannan manyan tsuntsaye ne, saboda suna buƙatar gidan kaza mai faɗi. Don murabba’in 1. m kada ku ajiye fiye da mutane 3-4. Ya kamata ɗakin ya kasance da isasshen iska, musamman a lokacin hunturu, lokacin da kaji ba za su iya tafiya a waje ba. A lokacin rani, an shirya wani tsari tare da filin tafiya na mita 2-3 don dabbobi. m kowane tsuntsu.
Dole ne a sami datti mai dacewa a cikin gidan kaza. Ana iya yin shi ba a maye gurbinsa ba, cire kawai saman Layer kamar yadda ake bukata. Ya kamata a zubar da lemun tsami na lemun tsami a kasa – yana yaki da kwayoyin cutar da kyau kuma yana shayar da danshi mai yawa. Sa’an nan kuma kuna buƙatar shimfiɗa 15-20 cm na sawdust, peat, shavings, bambaro ko wasu kayan da aka inganta. Danshi abun ciki na rufi kada ya wuce 25%. Sau daya a kowane wata shida, sai a tsaftace gidan, a canza shara gaba daya, haka kuma idan cutar ta bulla a tsakanin dabbobi.
A cikin kwandon kaji, manyan perches, 30 × 40 cm, an sanye su. Ana iya yin su da alluna ko plywood mai kauri. Feeders suna yin nau’ikan 2: ƙarfe don abinci jika da itace don hatsi. Har ila yau, kwanon sha yana da kyau a cire daga karfe, filastik ba a wanke shi da kyau, kaji na iya juya irin wannan kwano mai sauƙi. Abubuwan da ke cikin kaji na wannan nau’in ba ya samar da dumama a cikin sito. Amma tare da lokacin sanyi sosai a yankin, yana da kyau a yi zafi a cikin gida.
Ciyar da tsuntsaye
Ciyar da kajin Orpington yana da halayensa. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da hauka kuma suna iya kamuwa da kiba. Yawan kiba yana shafar samar da kwai na mace da kuma hadi da zakara. An fi lura da karuwar nauyi a cikin hunturu, tun lokacin wannan lokacin kuna buƙatar saka idanu musamman akan abinci.
Ciyar da tsuntsaye sau biyu a rana, lokacin ƙarshe ana ba su abinci a cikin sa’o’i 15-16. Abincin ya haɗa da:
- hatsi (alkama, masara, sha’ir),
- ganyen gari,
- jikake hade da sabobin sharar kicin,
- dankalin turawa,
- abincin nama da kashi,
- Gishiri,
- alli, bawo, sauran ma’adanai da bitamin.
Don hana kajin daga murmurewa, suna rage adadin dankali mai kalori mai yawa da hatsi ( hatsi, masara). Har ila yau, kada ku zagi abinci na malipnykh shuke-shuke. A cikin bazara, kafin ka fara kiwon kaji, za ka iya ba da premix zuwa yadudduka.Mahimmancin furotin yana da amfani: Peas, Peas Peas, broths nama.
A lokacin rani, hens suna ciyar da lokaci mai yawa akan kiwo kyauta. A cikin abincin su akwai koren ciyawa, dasa shuki. Kuna iya ciyar da zucchini, squash, kankana, da sauran kayan lambu ga tsuntsaye a wannan lokacin. Kuna buƙatar canza ruwa akai-akai a cikin masu sha. Kwano na tsakuwa ko yashi ya kamata koyaushe ya kasance kusa da mai ciyar da abinci, wanda tsuntsaye ke buƙatar niƙa daɗaɗɗen hatsi a cikin goiter.
Noman kaza
Zai fi kyau a haifi kajin Orpington daban. Sa’an nan za a sami damar kiyaye tseren da tsabta. Iyalin sun ƙunshi zakara 1 da kaji 10. Wasu masu su bar wasu maza 2-3 saura. Don kiwo, an zaɓi mafi kyawun samfuran lafiya da lafiya waɗanda suka cika ma’auni. Ana sabunta ƙungiyar iyaye kowace shekara da kashi 15-20%. Yawan aiki na kaji yana daga shekaru 2 zuwa 3.
Riguna na wannan nau’in suna yin kyawawan kaji masu kiwo, saboda yawancin masu mallakar suna kiwon su ta dabi’a. Ya kamata a duba kwai mai ƙyanƙyashe a ƙarƙashin ovoscope. Orpington kwai ya kai kashi 80%. Har ila yau, kiwon kaji a cikin incubator yana yiwuwa, ka’idodin shiryawa daidai ne.
Hatchability da yawan tsira na kaji yana da yawa. Kajin yau da kullun suna aiki, suna cin abinci sosai. Kuna iya ciyar da su tare da fili na musamman ko tare da masu haɗawa da aka shirya. Tufafi porridge ko hatsi (oatmeal, masara, sha’ir). Ana zuba masa dafaffen kwai, cottage cheese da yankakken kayan lambu, sai kajin sati biyu suka fara fitowa, kaji duk wata sun riga sun yi tafiya suna samun abincin kansu.
Nawa ne kudin kajin Orpington kuma a ina zan saya su? Kuna iya zuwa ga kajin a cikin yankin Krasnodar, akwai gonaki na musamman. An haife irin wannan nau’in a cikin yankunan karkara, Energodar da sauran yankuna na Rasha. Kaji na mako-mako na Orpington ya kai 300 rubles, kuma kajin mako biyu suna biyan 350 rubles, ƙyanƙyashe kwai farashin kusan 200 rubles. Ana sayar da manya don 1000-2000 rubles. Farashin zai iya dogara ne akan launi, mafi mahimmanci shi ne, mafi tsada da tsuntsaye za su biya. Yana rinjayar farashi da tsabta na nau’in, kwanciyar hankali na kwayoyin halitta, kasancewar nau’in pedigree.
