Noma da kula da broilers a cikin keji a gida yana da fa’ida da rashin amfani, kuma wannan ya faru ne saboda cika jerin abubuwan da ake buƙata don adana shanu da tabbatar da girma da haɓaka.
Abun ciki na broilers a cikin cages a gida
Halayen broilers
Abubuwan da ke cikin salon salula na broilers a gida suna da alaƙa da halayen su, saboda, sabanin al’ada Kiwo na nau’in kaji na yau da kullun, babban aiki lokacin girma layin broiler shine samun nauyi da sauri.
Ba karamin mahimmanci ba lokacin yanke shawarar shuka su a cikin iyakanceccen sarari shine gaskiyar cewa waɗannan layin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in halitta) na iya samun kiba sosai, wanda hakan ya sa aka kiwo su da naman kaza cikin kankanin lokaci.
Bugu da ƙari, cewa broilers tushen kayan nama ne, yawancin nau’in broiler sun tabbatar da kansu a matsayin masu samar da dabbobi masu kyau, suna nuna yawan samar da ƙwai.
Daga cikin halaye na kaji, cat rye yana buƙatar hanya ta musamman don kula da:
- na babban girman da nauyin babban tsuntsu (a matsakaita game da 5 kg), wanda ke iyakance adadin mutane don keji,
- tsananin kiba,
- kiba na gangar jikin, wanda ke kwance.
Zaɓin broilers
An yanke shawarar zabar dabbobin matasa don manufar ajiye su a cikin kejinsu dangane da manufar kiwo: nama ko na ƙwai. Musamman hankali ya kamata a biya ba kawai ga ingancin irin, amma kuma ga hali na zaɓaɓɓen kaji, su aiki, dauki amo, ido yanayin da plumage. kawai a gonar kiwon kaji ko ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kaji waɗanda ke da alhakin bin duk ƙa’idodin lokacin kiwon kaji da kiwon kaji.
Saboda yawan mace-mace a tsakanin kajin jarirai yana da yawa, masu sana’ar kaji suna ba da shawarar siyan dabbobin da suka kai aƙalla kwanaki 10 kuma sun yi daidai da girmansu.
Shuka da adana broilers a cikin keji a gida na iya zama ɗayan hanyoyin 2 da ake samu:
- mai yawa, idan aka samu kaji da bazara ana girma har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani, bayan an yanka su ana sayar da su, ba a samun tarin dabbobin dabba sai kakar wasa ta gaba.
- mai tsanani, wanda ake sayo sabon tsara kowane kwata, kuma ana kashe mutanen da suka kai watanni 2.5.
Mafi kyawun shekarun kiwon broilers don yanka shine kwanaki 70. Bayan wannan lokacin, tsuntsaye suna fara dakatar da girma kuma suna tara taro, kuma adadin abincin da ake cinyewa yana ƙaruwa. Irin wannan abun ciki na broilers ya zama mara hankali na tattalin arziki.
Fa’idodi da rashin amfani da al’adun tantanin halitta
Ana ɗaukar girma da adana broilers a cikin keji a matsayin hanya mafi tattalin arziki idan aka kwatanta da waje. Hanyar tantanin halitta ta zama mafi shahara tare da zuwan fasahar zamani wanda ke ba ka damar tsara batir tantanin halitta da hannunka. Daga cikin fa’idodin kiwon broilers a cikin cages, bayanin kula da kaji:
- ceton sararin daki da rage alaƙar wutar lantarki, dumama da farashin iska,
- rage yawan abincin da ake buƙata sakamakon kasancewa a cikin iyakataccen yanki,
- karuwa a cikin girma saboda raguwar ayyukan tsuntsaye,
- ƙuntata lamba kuma, a sakamakon haka, toshe yaduwar cututtuka daban-daban da sauran cututtuka;
- rashin tuntuɓar tsuntsaye masu sharar gida ba wai iya cin duri ba.
- inganta damar ciyar da sha tsuntsaye, kula da su, dabbobi jarrabawa, rage yawan mutane.
Bugu da ƙari, sake dubawa na gidajen da suka fi son girma da kuma kiyaye nau’in kaji a cikin cages, lura da raguwa a lokacin ciyar da kaji da matsakaita na kwanaki 3-5.
Yawancin illolin kiyaye kaji sun haɗa da:
- babban kuɗi na farko na kuɗi da kuɗin aiki na tsara sel ko siyan ingantattun kayan aiki x,
- wajibi yau da kullum tsaftacewa cell, disinfection matakan, bayan keji da aka saki daga tsuntsu.
Bugu da kari, kwayoyin halittar kajin gida suma suna shafar lafiyarsu, don haka tsuntsayen da ke girma a kejin sukan fara fama da matsalar kafa saboda karancin aiki da kuma yawan nauyi. Yana rinjayar yanayin ƙafar kajin da ragar raga na keji.
Muna ƙirƙirar yanayi don al’adun tantanin halitta
Kafin yanke shawara akan sel da abun ciki na broilers a gida, ya zama dole don ƙayyade matsalolin asali bisa ga yanayin haifuwa na tsuntsaye a cikin iyakataccen sarari.
Wurare da kayan aiki
Don gina gine-ginen kai ko shigar da kayan aiki da aka shirya don dasa kaji, ana iya zaɓar katako na yau da kullun azaman ɗakin da ya dace. Barn. A lokacin rani, kaji cages suna tsaye a kan titi.
Jerin kayan aikin da ake buƙata don siya sun haɗa da:
- fitilu don haskakawa,
- abubuwan dumama don haifar da zafi,
- tsarin samun iska,
- masu ciyarwa da masu shayarwa.
Microclimate
Don fitar da rotisserie Dole ne a ƙirƙira da kiyaye yanayin matasa a cikin ɗakin:
- yawan zafin jiki na kajin na zamani shine game da 32 ° C tare da raguwar hankali na 0.2 yau da kullun zuwa 16-18 ° C kowace mako ozrastu,
- zafi 50-70%,
- hasken rana – ba kasa da sa’o’i 23 don kajin, rage daga makonni na shekaru zuwa 16-20 hours.
Gina Jiki
Lokacin kiwon kaji ta hanyar salon salula, ana bada shawara don tabbatar da kasancewar abinci a cikin sel. Abincin ƙananan broilers ya haɗa da dafaffen kwai, hatsin alkama, kayan lambu. Daga shekaru biyar, ana sayar da kaji tare da maganin bitamin, ƙara harsashi da abincin kashi a cikin abincin. A cikin makonni na ƙarshe na girma har zuwa yanka, abincin kaji ya bambanta da kayan abinci.
Bukatun cages na tsuntsaye
A yau, don noman broilers a kan sikelin masana’antu da kuma a gida Farms suna haifar da batura tantanin halitta don tabbatar da yawan safa na kaji. An tattara su a cikin nau’ikan layuka na sel 4 zuwa 6 kuma suna ba ku damar adana har zuwa mutane 150,000 a cikin gidan. Yadda yake kama, kuna iya ganin bidiyon. Tsarin toshe yana sanye da yuwuwar ciyarwa da shayar da tsuntsaye, yana ba ku damar hawan ƙarin hanyoyin haske idan ya cancanta. Ƙasar irin waɗannan cages an shimfiɗa shi, wanda ya ba da damar gidan don sauƙin kama tsuntsu. Ana sanya tef na musamman a ƙarƙashin ƙasa don cire ɗigon ruwa.
Fasahar zamani tana ba da damar sarrafa irin wannan kiwon kaji ta amfani da ginanniyar dumama da tsarin iska, wanda aka sarrafa a cikin tsarin hannu da na atomatik.
Don kaji na gida a cikin karamin gona na gida, 2-3 benatin batir mai haske mai haske yana yiwuwa, babu ƙari, ƙarƙashin saukowa mai mahimmanci, wanda zaka iya yin kanka idan ka bi umarnin daga bidiyon.
Daga cikin mahimman buƙatun don kula da tantanin halitta da aka ɗora yi-da-kanka, zamu iya bambanta:
- ka’idoji na matsakaicin girman safa – har zuwa 25 shugabannin kaza da murabba’in mita 1. m bene, amma ba fiye da 40 kg na taro har zuwa mataki na karshe na namo,
- abu don yi na sassan: galvanized waya raga, katako cages ne m lalacewa-resistant,
- kasancewar tsagi a waje da sassan don ciyar da hannu da masu ciyar da abinci a ciki don machining,
- kasancewar tsaunuka da tsarin samar da ruwan sha,
- kasancewar tiren galvanized don sharar gida,
- karamin tantanin halitta kusa da grate wanda ya rufe kasa.
Kasancewar ƙafafun a cikin kayan aiki na sel a cikin batir tantanin halitta yana haifar da fa’ida ga motsi na sel idan akwai zafi a titi.
