Daga cikin cututtukan kaji, ana daukar mycoplasmosis daya daga cikin cututtuka na yau da kullum. Wannan cuta tana tasowa koda tare da ɗan keta yanayin tsarewa. Yi la’akari da irin alamun bayyanar cututtuka na wannan ciwon da kuma yadda za a bi da shi.
Mycoplasmosis bayyanar cututtuka a cikin kaji da magani
Halayen cutar
Mycoplasmosis na numfashi cuta ce mai yaduwa da ke shafar hanyoyin iska na kaji.
Matsalolin da ke haifar da cutar shine mycoplasma haliseptum, matsakaicin nau’i tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Bayan shiga cikin tsarin numfashi yana rinjayar tsarin haihuwa da nama na tsoka.
Ba manya kawai ba, har ma da samari a matakin amfrayo suna kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta.
Duk nau’ikan suna da saukin kamuwa da wannan cuta, amma bisa ga kididdigar, broilers mai shekaru 20 suna rashin lafiya sau da yawa kwanaki 45, saboda suna da ƙarancin rigakafi.
Zakara ne suka fara kamuwa da cutar, don haka ya kamata mai gida ya kula da kamanni da yanayinsu. Alamomin maza sun hada da tari, atishawa, da kuma karancin numfashi.
Hanyoyin kamuwa da cuta
Ana ɗaukar zafi ta hanyar ɗigon iska, ƙasa da yawa ta ruwa da abinci.
A cikin jiki, pathogen ya zauna a kan mucous membranes na baki, idanu, shiga cikin numfashi. Kololuwar ci gaba yana faruwa a cikin kaka, lokacin da yanayin ya tsaya, ɗanɗano da sanyi.
Yanayin yankin ba ya shafar bayyanar mycoplasmosis. Kwayar cutar tana ci gaba a cikin garken da ba a ciyar da shi sosai, an ajiye shi cikin yanayin da bai dace ba. Da farko, mutanen da ke da raunin rigakafi da ƙarancin juriya ga ƙwayoyin cuta sun kamu da cutar.
Kaji na iya kamuwa da cuta daga zuriyar marasa lafiya a matakin amfrayo ko bayan barin tsarin numfashi.
Sau da yawa masu ɗaukar ciwon sune tsuntsayen daji, da kuma kajin gida da ke zaune a cikin unguwa. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don kare wurin tafiya don ware yiwuwar haɗuwa da su.
Alamomi
Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar kusan makonni 3. A lokaci guda kuma, masu kamuwa da cutar da ba su da alamun kamuwa da cutar su ne masu ɗauke da cutar.
A cikin makonni 2-4 na rashin lafiya, duk dabbobin gida ko na masana’antu sun shafi.
Alamun mycoplasmosis sun bambanta, dangane da mataki da matakin ci gaba.
- A cikin mataki na farko na ci gaba, ciwon yana ɓoye, yana da wuya a gane shi. Ma’anar abin da ke haifar da cutar ya yadu a cikin jiki, yana shiga ƙwayar tsoka da jini.
- Kashi na biyu yana tare da ɗan ƙara muni na yanayin: gajiya, rashin ƙarfi, atishawa, taurin kai, da rashin ci. Irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna bayyana, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin 10-12% na mutanen da suka kamu da cutar, sauran su ne asymptomatic.
- Matsayi na uku na lalacewa yana faruwa tare da matsalolin halayen: cikakken ƙin abinci, tari, numfashi na lokaci-lokaci, yawan salivation da bayyanar kumfa daga baki. Jikin tsuntsu ya fara nuna iyakar juriya. Sauran alamomin sun hada da jajayen wurin da ke kusa da idanuwa, kumburin fatar ido, huwayi, gudawa tare da sakin stools mai launin kore ko rawaya.
- A mataki na hudu, alamun bayyanar sun zama maras kyau, mutumin da ya kamu da cutar ya zama mai ɗaukar cutar.
A cikin lokacin zafi, sanyi da canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi, alamun sun tsananta.
Alamun kwanciya kaji
A cikin kwanciya kaji, wasu suna shiga alamun da aka kwatanta a sama:
- mummunan lalacewa ga cornea na ido,
- kumburi na oviduct
- rage yawan aiki da kashi 15%,
- karuwa a adadin ƙwayayen da ba a haɗa su da kashi 30% ba,
- akwai ƙarin lokuta na mutuwar amfrayo da kashi 25%.
Sanadin
Mycoplasmosis a cikin broilers da kaji na iya bayyana saboda dalilai daban-daban.
- Datti sha a cikin mashayi.
- Kasancewar kwari masu haɗari a cikin kaji.
- Rashin ingancin abinci wanda ta hanyarsa ake kamuwa da cutar. Ga kowane nau’in, an zaɓi takamaiman abinci don saturate jiki tare da ma’adanai, bitamin da duk abubuwan da suka dace don rayuwa. Dole ne a tsaftace masu ciyarwa akai-akai kuma a cire ragowar.
- Rashin tsarin rigakafi
- Lalacewar kwayoyin halitta zuwa pathogen.
- Halin damuwa: motsin dabbobi zuwa wani wurin zama ko jigilar kaya na dogon lokaci.
- Alurar riga kafi na dabbobin yara tare da rigakafi masu rai.
- Cin zarafin zafin jiki da samun iska a cikin kaji.
- Gurbacewar iska, kasancewar ƙura mai yawa, ammoniya da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa da masu guba.
Ciwon ciki
Ƙayyade wannan ciwo a cikin kaji ko manya yana yiwuwa ta hanyar ganewar asali.
Alamomin da aka bayyana a sama suna kama da sauran cututtuka na tsuntsaye: ciwon huhu, mura, pasteurellosis, hemophilia, colibacteriosis, da mashako.
Kwararren likitan dabbobi ne kawai zai iya yin cikakken ganewar asali, ban da yiwuwar waɗannan cututtuka.
Ana bincika tsuntsu ta hanyoyi da yawa: an ɗauka
- jini don sanin matakin agglutination,
- Mycoplasma excretions don smears ana daukar su ta amfani da Petri tasa cike da agar.
Hanyoyin magani
Muna maganin kaji da maganin rigakafi
Dangane da shekarun tsuntsu, ana amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan magani daban-daban don mycoplasmosis.
Kaji
Bayan keɓe cutar daga marasa lafiya, sanya su a cikin wani ɗaki daban tare da tsabta, busassun datti, da ruwa mai kyau da busassun abinci.
Ana kula da dabbobin matasa da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta. Ana gudanar da maganin a cikin tsoka.
Magunguna da yawa sun nuna sakamako mafi girma:
- Enroflon – 1 ml;
- Tilazine – 0.5 g,
- Jihar – 0.5 g,
- Enroflox – 1 m;
- Pharmacy – 1 g,
- Neumotil – 3 ml.
Wannan kashi shine na lita 1 na ruwan dumi. An ƙididdige tsarin kulawa, mita da adadin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi bisa ga nauyi da shekarun tsuntsu kuma bisa ga umarnin kan kunshin.
A ware lokuta na kamuwa da cuta, Hijira broilers da kajin da sauran breeds suna bi da daya daga cikin miyagun kwayoyi: Lilokolin AF, Tilanic, Tilobel ko Tialong.
Manya
Idan ba a tabbatar da ganewar asali ba, ya kamata a bi da tsuntsaye masu girma da daya daga cikin manyan magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta Avimutin hydro, Tetracycline, Eriprim ko Tilodoxom.
P da m bayyanar cututtuka, yi amfani da antiviral da antibacterial jamiái:
- Eriprim – 1 g,
- macrodox 200-1 g,
- Hilodox – 1 g,
- Hydrotriprim – 1 g.
Ana lissafin kashi a kowace lita na ruwa.
Bayan yin cikakken ganewar asali, ana amfani da kwayoyi na musamman don magance mycoplasmosis: Tialong, Tilosin ko Tilokolin AF Tsarin da mita na jiyya bisa ga umarnin.
A cikin ci gaba na kamuwa da cuta, ana tura masu cutar zuwa mahauta, saboda ba zai yiwu a warkar da cutar ba.
Siffar numfashi
Ana yin maganin nau’in numfashi a cikin kaji da manya tare da takamaiman maganin rigakafi: Farmazin, Enroksila, Tilsoloma ko Tilmikoveta.
Yadda ya kamata amfani da wannan makirci: 1 g na abu da 1 lita na ruwa. Dole ne a sha duk shanu, ba tare da la’akari da yanayinsu da kamanninsu ba.
Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar tsabtace iska a gaban tsuntsaye, kuma ana kula da kajin kajin tare da feshi, masu kashe kwayoyin cuta:
- lactic acid (30% maida hankali) – 10 ml;
- Monclavita – 3 ml;
- Iodotriethylene glycol – 0.7 ml;
- Ecocide – 0.15 g
Ana ƙididdige lambar don fesa a cikin yanki 1 m³.
Maganin jama’a
Babu wanda ya iya warkar da wannan ciwon tare da magungunan jama’a, saboda madadin magani ba shi da iko a kan pathogen.
Ya fi dacewa a nan don ɗaukar matakai don ƙara rigakafi:
- madarar akuya,
- Ana ba kajin yau da kullun sha na maganin glucose: 50 g kowace lita na ruwa,
- a cikin shekaru bakwai da shekaru suka fara weld tare da hadaddun bitamin da kuma ma’adanai.
Sakamakon mai yiwuwa
Mycoplasmosis kamuwa da cuta ya fi shafar yanayin gaba ɗaya da lafiyar tsuntsu.
Ba tare da ingantaccen magani a cikin garke ba, kwai da nama suna raguwa, yayin da kaji suka ƙi sha, ciyarwa, zama masu zaman kansu.
Tare da kamuwa da cuta mai yawa, yawancin embryos suna mutuwa, rashin haihuwa yana ƙaruwa. Yawan mace-mace ya bambanta daga 4 zuwa 10%.
Hatsari ga mutane
Wannan kwayar cutar ba ta da hadari ga mutane, amma ba a ba da shawarar cin nama daga mai cutar ba, musamman a matakin ci gaba.
A cikin mataki na farko na kamuwa da cuta, an ba da izinin tsuntsu ya yi watsi da shi, sa’an nan kuma gawa ya sha maganin zafi na 1,5 hours. Ana iya cin wannan samfurin.
Dole ne a zubar da ƙwai daga kajin kwanciya marasa lafiya. Bugu da kari, bai kamata a yi amfani da su don renon sabbin zuriya ba, saboda hadarin kamuwa da kananan dabbobi kusan 100%.
Matakan kariya
Ta bin matakan kariya masu sauƙi, za ku iya kiyaye kajin ku lafiya da wadata.
- Don kamuwa da cuta tare da mycoplasmosis, tsuntsaye suna karɓar Furacycline a cikin adadin 0.5 g a kowace kilogiram na nauyin jiki, a layi daya tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi Immunobak, kashi uku na allurai. Ana ba da waɗannan magunguna da baki da safe da yamma har tsawon kwanaki biyar. Ana aiwatar da matakan rigakafin sau uku: a cikin mutane na watanni 4, 5 da 10.
- Alurar rigakafin kaji daga cuta tun yana karami.
- Daidaitaccen ciyarwa, samar da tsuntsaye tare da ruwa mai tsabta da tsabta, tsaftacewa na yau da kullum na gidan kaza. Canjin zuriyar sau ɗaya a shekara da konewarsa.
- Kwayar cutar sankara na shekara-shekara na coop kaji tare da maganin formalin ko sodium hydroxide a maida hankali 2%.
- Kula da kwanciyar hankali, zafi da samun iska.
- Binciken tsuntsaye akai-akai don alamun kamuwa da cuta da keɓancewar lokaci na kaza mara lafiya.
- Rigakafin cunkoso, wanda microclimate a cikin gidan kaza ya canza kuma akwai yiwuwar bayyanar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban.
