An haifi nau’in kaji mai shuɗi na Mutanen Espanya na Andalusia a ƙarni na XNUMX. Masu kiwo sun sami nasarar samun wannan nau’in ta hanyar ketare ƙananan baki da fari tare da zakara mai shuɗi. Sakamakon ci gaba shine tsuntsaye tare da shimfidar kwai mai kyau, kyakkyawa, launi na asali da kuma m yanayi.
Kiwo da kiwo na Andalusian blue kaji
Halayen iri
Bayanin kajin Andalusian ya haɗa da halaye daban-daban:
- tsuntsu yana da tsarin mulki mai jituwa, nauyin shimfidawa yana da kimanin 2 kg, zakara – 2.5-2.7 kg;
- kunun kunne sun yi tsayi, farare mai santsi.
- fuska tayi ja,
- idanun sun zagaye, launin ruwan kasa,
- fata mai sautin haske, kusan fari kamar dusar ƙanƙara,
- saman kafafun yana da haske rawaya mai launin shudi,
- kololuwar yana dan dakika kadan, ja,
- Siffar leaf mai tsayi, akan kaji – rabin mast don fuskar zakara – a tsaye
elongated wuya da ƙwanƙwasa, matsakaicin faɗin ƙirji.A cikin maza, wutsiya tana a kusurwa 90 ° zuwa kwarangwal.
Yankin ciki da ƙirji suna da haske mai haske fiye da baya da maniyyi. Fuka-fukan da ba a saba gani ba: shuɗi mai shuɗi tare da iyakar duhu.
Inda zan siya
Kuna iya siyan ƙwai masu ƙyanƙyashe, dabbobin matasa ko kajin manya a gonakin kaji daban-daban a Rasha – Kurkurovo, Merry pock, ƙauyen Bird.
Farashin kajin kwana bakwai – 300 rubles, makonni biyu – 350 rubles. Farashin kwai mai ƙyanƙyashe shine 200 rubles.
Halayen Crossbreeding
Sau da yawa wajibi ne a lura da hoto lokacin da kawai 50% na zuriya tare da blue plumage, rabi na biyu tare da fari ko kwalta, an samu daga dukan brood.
Genetics yana shafar sautunan sauti. Wannan nau’in yana da nau’ikan genotypes guda biyu: baki da shuɗi. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka ketare tsuntsaye masu launi daban-daban, kaji na iya zama daban-daban:
- wani bangare na kajin (kimanin 50%) zai dauki hadewar kwayoyin halitta 2,
- kadan fiye da 15% tare da baƙar fata,
- na huɗu – mutane shuɗi tare da haske mai tsaka-tsaki, wanda kuma ake kira splashes.
Lokacin da aka ketare biyun na ƙarshe, yuwuwar zama matashi tare da cikakken launi shuɗi ya kusan 100%
fushi
Kaji na Andalusian ba kawai suna da kyawawan launi ba, amma har ma da girman kai mai kama da Mutanen Espanya.
Idan babu wata barazana, sai su kasance cikin natsuwa, a wajen wani baƙo sai su fara nuna zalunci.
A irin wannan yanayi, zakara yana mamaye kaji kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai kare duk wani dabba. Don guje wa hayaniya a cikin gidan kaji, dole ne a dasa su da kyau kuma a kusanci su a hankali don kammala dangi. Tun da duk wani damuwa na iya yin mummunan tasiri ga yawan aiki na kwanciya kaji.
Tsuntsaye na wannan nau’in suna jinkirin, suna saurin tuntuɓar mutane.
Ayyukan
Chicken ba ya bambanta da yawan aiki daga sauran nau’in
Girma da haɓaka a cikin wannan nau’in suna tafiya daidai daidai da sauran nau’ikan.
Samar da kwai na farko yana farawa da shekaru 6 watanni. A cikin shekara, kaza na iya ɗaukar kwai 180, wasu kuma, har zuwa 200. Amma wannan da wuya ya faru.
Duk qwai sun bambanta daga 50 zuwa 60 g. Fuskar fari ce, mai dorewa.
Kada ku kiwo wannan nau’in don nama kawai, t .k. Kaji ba su da nauyi sosai idan aka kwatanta da broilers. Naman samari yana da matukar amfani: yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kuma kusan babu mai.
Tsawon rayuwa shine shekaru 9-10, amma ana iya samun raguwar samar da kwai bayan shekaru 4 ko 5 na haifuwa.
Kuna iya kiyaye kaji har sai sun mutu, amma da shekaru suna fara rashin lafiya sau da yawa kuma yawan amfanin su yana raguwa sosai. Saboda haka, ƙwararrun masu shayarwa suna ba da shawarar maye gurbin kowace shekara huɗu.
Gwani da kuma fursunoni
Bayanin wannan nau’in ya ƙunshi fa’idodi da yawa:
- high ado halaye,
- in mun gwada ingancin kwai,
- Kyakkyawan rayuwa na kajin kusan 93%, manya – 87%,
- m dandano nama da qwai.
Tana da illa da yawa:
- sha’awar ƙyanƙyashe kaji da haɓaka ilhami na uwa ba su da kyau, don haka sukan yi amfani da incubators don kiwon tsuntsaye.
- nakasar ƙugiya, wanda ke haifar da asarar bayyanar ado,
- nau’in yana da tsada sosai kuma yana da tsada: kajin mako-mako yana kashe kimanin 300, makonni biyu 350, kwai hatching – 200 rubles,
- tsoron sanyi da canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi.
Dokokin Kulawa
Gidan gida
Ajiye tsuntsayen a wuri mai bushe da fili. kuma dumi AI yana da iska sosai kuma ba tare da zane ba. Ana yin lissafin wurin kamar haka: aƙalla 1 m² an kasafta wa mutane 2-3.
Idan yankin ya kasance ƙarami, haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta yana da yawa. A ƙananan yawa za su daskare a cikin gidan kaji.
An lulluɓe ƙasan ƙasa da foil ɗin gwangwani don ware yuwuwar shigar rodents. Sannan a wanke shi da farar lemun tsami don hana bayyanar cututtukan fungal. An dage farawa mai kauri na bambaro, busassun peat ko babban sawdust.
Ana yin shimfidar ƙasa a cikin bushe da yanayin rana, in ba haka ba yana cike da danshi kuma yana iya yin sauri da sauri. Canja sharar ba fiye da sau 1 a shekara ba.
Zubar da kaji da gashin fuka-fukan da suka faɗo a ƙasa suna taimakawa wajen kiyaye isasshen zafi a cikin ɗakin.
Don kawar da haɗarin rauni, manya ba sa sanya perches da yawa, har zuwa 50 cm daga saman bene.
Samun iska da haske
Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da haske mai kyau wanda ke ɗaukar sa’o’i 12-13 kowace rana. Hasken hasken bai kamata ya zama mai haske ko duhu ba. Hasken rana da aka watsar, wanda za a iya ƙirƙirar ta fitilu, ya isa.
Yanayi mai mahimmanci na biyu shine samun iska mai kyau. Kowace rana, ɗakin yana samun iska ta hanyar buɗe taga, kofa ko murfin, ya danganta da nau’in ginin.
Idan babu musayar iska, akwai babban haɗari na haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kajin kajin da ba su da kyau.
Mafi kyawun tsarin zafin jiki na abun ciki na kaza yana da kusan 25 ° C. Kada a sami wani zane-zane wanda zai ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki da kuma haifar da sanyi a cikin tsuntsaye.
Wurin tafiya
Ana ajiye kajin a cikin wani wuri da aka killace
Bayanin nau’in kaji mai launin shuɗi na Andalusian ya haɗa da kyakkyawan aiki tare da yanayin tafiya na yau da kullun. Don haka, kuna buƙatar kula da wurin tafiya kaji da zakara a gaba.
Wurin tafiya yana kewaye da wani katanga mai tsayi kuma ana zare raga daga sama, saboda wannan tsuntsu yana iya tashi sama, ana shuka ƙasa da wuraren kiwo na hatsi don samar wa kaji abinci koren abinci a nan gaba don rani.
Saboda karuwar tashin hankali da halin kirki, ba a ba da shawarar kiyaye shi tare da sauran nau’ikan ba. Yaƙe-yaƙe na yau da kullun na iya haifar da raunin da ya faru da kuma rage yawan aiki na iri biyu.
Rabon ciyarwa
A cikin gidan kaji dole ne ka shigar da masu ciyar da abinci da kwanonin sha, dacewa da samun dama ga kowane mutum. Wannan nau’in yana da kyakkyawan ci kuma yana ɗokin cin kowane abinci. Abincin ya haɗa da:
- amfanin gona,
- ciyawa,
- masana’antu hadaddun abinci,
- kayan abinci daga tebur,
- Rigar mixers da aka dafa a cikin kifi ko broth nama tare da kayan lambu da hatsi suna hidima da zafi.
A lokacin rani, suna ƙara yawan kayan lambu, rage yawan hatsi da sauran abinci na hunturu. rage cin abinci Don ƙara yawan samar da kwai a lokacin kashe-kashe, ana ba da kaji sprouted alkama, sha’ir, hatsin rai. Irin wannan abincin ya ƙunshi bitamin da ma’adanai masu yawa. Bugu da ƙari, kajin suna karɓar tsakuwa, kifin kifi, abincin sunflower, legumes, kifi, da abincin nama da kashi.
Ya kamata a canza ruwa a kowace rana a cikin kwano, musamman idan tanki ne mai sauƙi. Dole ne ya zama sabo da tsabta.
Don dacewa, yawancin masu shayarwa suna amfani da ƙirar nono ko ramummuka inda ruwan ya kasance mai inganci na dogon lokaci.
Nuances na kiwo
Kiwon kaji abu ne mai wuya, shi ya sa masu shayarwa ke amfani da incubators.
Wani muhimmin yanayin kiwon kajin nasara shine zaɓi na ƙwai masu inganci, sabo ne kawai (wanda bai girmi kwanaki 5) ana zaɓar ba tare da fashe ba, tare da fili mai santsi. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da samfurori na matsakaicin matsakaici.
Haɗin ƙwai yana da yawa sosai, kusan 95%. Bayan kwanciya kuma har sai brood ya bayyana a cikin incubator, ana kiyaye wani yanayi: a cikin kwanaki 7 na farko a 40 ° C, duk makonni masu zuwa sun ragu da 1 ° C. A lokacin shiryawa, ƙwai suna juya sau 3-4. rana kullum.
Ana ajiye kajin da aka ƙyanƙyashe a cikin busasshen akwati a zazzabi na 25 ° C a cikin hasken rana.
Ciyar da dabbobi matasa
Ana fara ciyarwa bayan bindigar ta bushe, lokacin da aka kunna kaji. Na farko hanya shi ne yankakken dafaffen kwai.
Daga rana ta uku ta rayuwa, ana ciyar da su cuku gida, ƙananan kayan lambu da hatsi. Matasa sukan ci abinci, don haka dole ne a ciyar da su aƙalla sau biyar a rana.
Kafin makonni uku da haihuwa, kajin suna buƙatar babban adadin furotin, wanda ke ƙarfafa kasusuwa na kasusuwa kuma ya hana ci gaban rickets: ma’adanai, kayan kiwo, kifi an gabatar da su a cikin kitsen abinci, yisti Bugu da ƙari, ana gudanar da yashi precalcined m-grained.
Don ƙarfafa rigakafi da ƙara yawan aiki, ana ba da glucose (5%) maimakon ruwa don kwanaki 3 na farko, kuma ana ba da ruwa mai tsabta, mai tsabta a dakin da zafin jiki kowace rana bayan haka.
Siffofin kulawa
Babban kulawa ga kajin shine tabbatar da ingantaccen tsarin zafin jiki a cikin 25-27 ° C, haske mai kyau ba kasa da sa’o’i 10 a rana ba.
A matsayin bene a cikin akwati, yi amfani da sawdust ko bambaro, wanda aka canza kowane kwana biyar. A ranakun rana, zaku iya tafiya a waje.
Daga makonni 2, ana canza kaji zuwa abincin manya – suna ba da abinci na ƙasa. Tun daga watanni biyu, ana fara adana yara a cikin garken gama gari.
Cututtuka
Kajin Andalusian na kaji yana da rigakafi mai kyau daga cututtuka, kawai idan yanayin tsarewa ya keta cikin matsanancin zafi, rigar, kuma a cikin sanyi suna kama sanyi.
Don kula da lafiyar manya da matasa, wajibi ne a kula da waɗannan alamomi a daidai matakin. Ana yi wa dabbobin yara allurar rigakafi tun suna kanana.
A lokacin molting lokaci, avitaminosis tasowa a cikin tsuntsaye, don haka da abinci dole ne musamman arziki da kuma daidaita.
Ra’ayin masu kiwo
Masoyan wannan nau’in suna barin ra’ayi mai kyau:
- mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar wannan tsuntsu don sabon launi na ado sosai,
- wasu sun gamsu da samar da kwai mai kyau da kyakkyawan dandano na nama, kwai,
- Ga masu fara kiwon kaji, ƙwararrun manoma suna ba da shawarar siyan haɓakar matasa tare da babban adadin rayuwa.
