Hercules kaza –

Sakamakon tsallakawa da nama da kwai, masu kiwon UAAS da Cibiyar Bincike ta Borka sun yi nasarar samun garken kiwo mai kyau. Irin kajin Hercules da aka taso da shi yana da nauyin jiki mai kyau, samar da kwai kuma yana da saurin girma na dabbobin daji. Saboda irin waɗannan halaye, nau’in ya yadu a ko’ina cikin Rasha.

Hercules kaji

Halayen iri

Bayanin ya ƙunshi halaye na musamman:

• shugaban matsakaicin girman, siffar zagaye,
• idanunsu orange ne,
• baki yana rawaya, dan lankwasa a saman.
• scallop, mai siffar ganye, ya kasu kashi 4-6 hakora, tsaye,
• ‘yan kunne da kunnuwan kunnuwa ja ne.
• wutsiya karama ce, cikin zakaru masu gashin fuka-fukan rataye dogayen.
• kafafu suna da ƙarfi da rawaya.
• Yana da firam mai ƙarfi da girma tare da faffadan baya da ƙirji.

Furen ya bambanta, yana haɗa inuwa da yawa: fari, ratsan baki, zinariya, azurfa, da alamar pockmarked.

A yau, kajin Hercules suna daya daga cikin nau’o’in da aka fi sani a Ukraine da sauran kasashen CIS.

Haikali

Tsuntsu yana da nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali. Kaji suna da kyau ga dabbobi matasa. Roosters ba sa nuna zalunci ga mai shi da wakilan wasu nau’ikan, saboda haka, an ba da izinin kiyaye haɗin gwiwa a cikin garke.

Alamun yawan aiki

Kusan duk masu shayarwa sun lura da babban aikin kaji.Masu nuna yawan aiki masu zuwa sune halayen wannan nau’in:

• samar da kwai: 210 zuwa 220 qwai a kowace shekara,
• a shekara guda, namiji, kamar broilers, ya kai 4.2-4 kg a nauyi, mace tana kimanin kilo 5.
• qwai suna da girma – matsakaicin nauyi shine 65-70 g;
• balaga da kuma shirye-shiryen kwanciya kwai yana ɗaukar watanni 5-6 na haifuwa,
• Girman matasa yana da kyakkyawar rayuwa – har zuwa 92%, manya – 93-94%.

Kudin

Farashin wannan nau’in yana da girma: kaji na yau da kullun daga 40 zuwa 50 rubles, haɓakar matasa ya girma – 60-100 rubles.

Duk da irin wannan tsadar, tsuntsayen da sauri suna biyan jarinsu, tare da samun nauyi mai nauyi da kuma ikon yin ƙwai a cikin watanni biyar.

Adults kudin daga 1200 zuwa 1500 rubles.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Halayen irin nau’in Hercules sun haɗa da fa’idodi da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga manoman kaji:

• kamar broilers, da sauri suna kara nauyi.
• natsuwa da kwanciyar hankali.
• kyakkyawan dandano na qwai da nama,
• babban juriya ga cututtuka da yawa da parasites,
• mai kyau haƙuri ga kwatsam canje-canje a zazzabi, zafi,
• qwai suna da girma, sun ƙunshi manyan yolks (sun mamaye 35% na nauyi).

Ɗaya daga cikin nuance yana bambanta daga gazawar: tsuntsaye na ƙarni na biyu da na uku marasa amfani fiye da iyayensu.

Ayyukan kulawa da kulawa

Kaza mai juriya ga damuwa

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan fa’idodin nau’in shine kyawawan abubuwan daidaitawa. Tsuntsu yana sauƙin jure yanayin damuwa da canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi, ba tare da rage yawan aiki ba.

Coop

Ganin girman girman wannan nau’in, wannan nau’in yana buƙatar sarari mai yawa a cikin gidan, ba mutum ƙasa da 50 m³ ba. Kaji ba sa bukatar perches, domin saboda girman nauyinsu, ba za su iya tashi a kansu ba.

Kafin fara kiwo a cikin gida, kuna buƙatar shirya a hankali:

• don tsaftace ragowar tarkace, farar bangon bango da farfajiyar ƙasa tare da lemun tsami don lalata duk ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta,
• Za a iya dinka kasa da alluna ko tin, wanda ke rufe duk tsagewa da shiga cikin rodents,
• ƙasa an rufe shi da wani lokacin farin ciki na hay, bambaro ko sawdust – 40 cm a lokacin hunturu, a lokacin rani – 10-15 cm;
• ana zuba shara a rana mai dumi don zama da yau,
• A cikin daki suka yi shelar kwanciya kaji a wuri mai natsuwa da rashin isa ga zakara da sauran mutane,
• sanya feeders a gudun 4 da 3 cm ga kowane mutum, bi da bi,
• bugu da žari shigar da kwano ko wani akwati na wanka, cika shi da busasshen yumbu, yashi ko toka.

Don kare kariya daga cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta, wajibi ne don kula da kwanciyar hankali: a cikin hunturu – 23-25 ​​° C, a lokacin rani – game da 13 ° C. Samun iska na yau da kullum zai samar da microclimate mafi kyau a cikin kaji. Don yin wannan, buɗe tagogi ko kofofin kowace rana.

Abincin

Lafiyar tsuntsaye da yawan amfanin su ya dogara sosai kan ciyarwar.

1. A kowane lokaci shekaru, kaji suna karɓar abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ya zama tushen abincin yau da kullun a cikin adadin 120-130 g ga kowane mutum. Kuna iya siyan kayan da aka shirya ko dafa shi da kanku ta hanyar haɗa abubuwan da ke cikin ma’adinai, kifi da nama da abinci na kasusuwa, abincin sunflower, yankakken alkama, masara a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1: 3: 4.
2. A lokacin hunturu, dole ne a karfafa abinci saboda rashin bitamin da ma’adanai. Ana sanya kwantena daban tare da harsashi, guntun alli, nama da kasusuwa, da naman kifi a cikin kwandon kaji. Kowace rana suna ba da cakuda Boiled da grated tubers, ‘ya’yan itatuwa, kayan lambu. Yayyafa yankakken kabeji, beets. Suna ciyar da shukar hatsi (alkama, hatsin rai, hatsi). Suna ƙara man kifi, bitamin da ma’adanai.
3. A lokacin rani, lokacin da tsuntsu ya sami damar tafiya da yardar kaina a kan titi, yana cin ganyayyaki. A cikin yadi, ana ciyar da kajin nettle, clover, peas da dandelions. Haka kuma a watsar da guda, alli, harsashi.
4. Yana da mahimmanci a ba da yashi mai siffa a kowace rana, wanda ke taimakawa wajen cire ragowar abinci kuma yana hana toshewar goiter, ci gaban cututtuka daban-daban.
5. Don ramawa ga rashin furotin a cikin lokacin sanyi, ana ba da tsuntsun legumes mai tururi – wake, wake, wake na koda.

Baya ga cin abinci mai kyau, ana buƙatar sabon abin sha. Ana canza ruwa kullum, a cikin hunturu ana ba da shi a dakin da zafin jiki, lokacin rani yana da sanyi.

Patio don tafiya

Kaji da maza masu nauyi mai kyau da wuya su tashi, don haka wurin tafiya yana kiyaye shi da ƙananan shinge. Ba lallai ba ne a rufe shinge tare da raga. Mafi kyawun sarari ga mutum shine 2-3 m².

A cikin bazara, ana shuka ciyawa don sabbin ganye suna kusa da lokacin rani. A cikin hunturu, za ku iya samun mafaka daga slate a wurin tafiya, ta wannan hanya, tsuntsu zai iya tafiya duk shekara kuma ya kwashe sauran abinci.

Ku huta daga yin ƙwai

Detachment tsari ne na gargajiya ga kowane nau’in kaji na gida, tsuntsu ya fara zubar da gashin fuka-fuki, ya rasa halayensa na ado kuma ya daina yin ƙwai.

Cikakken maido da murfin gashin tsuntsu yana faruwa bayan watanni 1-1.5.

Domin saurin murmurewa a ciki

maye gurbin garken

Ana yin maye gurbin tsofaffin kaji na yau da kullun tare da kaji matasa bayan raguwar samar da kwai. 4-shekara kiyayewa.

Ana sanya matasa a cikin garke na kowa, kuma ana iya yanka tsofaffin kajin.

Dokokin kiwo

Kyawawan kaji

Kaji na wannan nau’in suna da kyawawan dabi’un shiryawa, amma kawai matasa na farko zasu iya ɗaukar duk halayen iyayensu.

Tare da ƙarin kiwo, kawai kashi 25% na duk halaye ana ɗaukar su, don haka masu shayarwa suna haifar da wannan tsuntsu ta hanyar shiryawa.

Shiryawa

Don samun lafiyayyen kajin masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi ba tare da lahani ba da cututtukan cututtuka suna buƙatar zaɓar abu mai inganci:

• a dauki kwai wanda bai wuce kwana biyar ba, matsakaicin girmansa tare da lebur, babu tsaga.
• bai kamata a yi amfani da su ba don kiwo samfuran da ba su da kyau ko kuma masu nuni, t .k. kajin da pathologies na iya bayyana daga gare su,
• ƙwai ba a wanke ba.

Saita zafin jiki zuwa 40 ° C, kowane kwanaki 7 an saukar da shi 1 ° C. A lokacin shiryawa, samfuran ya kamata a juya sau 3-4 don tabbatar da dumama iri ɗaya.

Kajin suna ƙyanƙyashe tsawon kwanaki 20-21 daga lokacin da aka yi kwai.

Cuidado

Ana sanya matasa a cikin kwali ko akwatin katako wanda aka rufe da bambaro, sawdust ko zane. Sanya fitilar IR a saman tazarar 50cm. Irin wannan hasken zai samar da mafi kyawun microclimate ga kajin.

Kula da kajin wannan nau’in ba shi da bambanci da ka’idojin kiyaye sauran kajin. Shekaru mafi haɗari shine har zuwa makonni 3, lokacin da ƙananan dabbobi zasu iya bushewa kuma su mutu. Daga baya, lokacin da kajin suka yi ƙarfi, haɗarin mutuwa ya yi kadan.

Sharuɗɗan tsarewa:

• a rana ta farko don bushe makamin, samar da zazzabi na 31-32 ° tare da fitilar infrared, sa’an nan a kowace rana an rage shi da 2-3 ° C, yana kawo alamar zuwa matakin 19 ° C,
• bayan makonni 2 da barin gida, ana fitar da kajin a ranakun rana, irin wannan tafiya yana da amfani ga lafiya,
• Wata daya da rabi da haihuwa, samari girma yana canjawa wuri zuwa garke na kowa.

Abincin

A cikin kwanakin farko na rayuwa suna ba da yankakken yankakken Boiled kaza da kwai. Daga rana ta uku an haɗe shi da albasarta kore, ƙananan hatsi da cuku mai ƙarancin mai. A cikin kwanaki 20-21, abincin ya zama daban-daban: ƙara gari na sunflower ko yankakken tsaba.

Bayan wata daya, ana gauraya dandelion, bawon karas, clover, da nettle a cikin abincin. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna da tasiri mai kyau akan aiki na tsarin narkewa na kajin.

An haramta duk cakuda abinci daga tururi – bayan maganin zafi sun rasa abubuwan amfani.

Kada a ba abinci mai arzikin fiber da fulawa domin suna iya haifar da toshewar goiter.

Kaji na yau da kullun ana welded tare da maganin glucose: 50 g da lita 1 na ruwa. Sa’an nan kuma ba da ruwa mai tsabta a zafin jiki.

Cututtuka masu cututtuka

Halayen irin nau’in Hercules sun haɗa da babban juriya ga nau’ikan cututtuka daban-daban.

Amma a cikin yanayi mara kyau da abinci mara kyau, tsuntsaye na iya shafar cututtuka daban-daban.

Dole ne a sami a

Typhoid pullorosis

Ana watsa ta hanyar iska, wanda ke shafar tsarin narkewar kaji da manya.

Alamun: rashin motsi, ƙãra ƙishirwa, kumfa t, bayyanar ƙarancin numfashi da rashin ci. Ana ganin cunkoso, danne kafa, da yawan leke a cikin kananan dabbobi.

Ana bi da su da kwayoyi guda biyu: furazolidone ko biomycin.

Salmonellosis (paratyphoid)

Ana kamuwa da ita ta ƙwai, iska, abinci, da ruwa. Yana shafar gabobin ciki kuma yana da hadari ga mutane idan suka ci naman da suka kamu da cutar da kwai. Alamomi: ƙin abinci, kumfa mai kumfa, ƙãra ƙishirwa, kumburin gabobi, ciki da magudanar ruwa, tsagewa.

Ana gabatar da maganin rigakafi don rigakafin cututtuka. Ana yin jiyya tare da furazolidone na makonni uku. A lokaci guda ba da streptomycin na kwanaki 10. Wurin zama na marasa lafiya yana ƙarƙashin lalata.

Colibacteriosis

Wannan cuta tana da haɗari ga tsuntsaye da mutane. Kaji da girma matasa sun fi sauƙi.Cutar tana tare da ƙara ƙishirwa, zawo, ƙarancin numfashi da rashin ci.

Jiyya yana amfani da biomycin ko terramycin.

Pasteurelosis

Babban haɗarin kamuwa da cuta a cikin kaji Har zuwa watanni 3. Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta sune berayen da tsuntsaye marasa lafiya.

Alamomin farko sune bayyanar fitar kumfa daga baki, launin shuɗi na crest, ƙara buƙatar sha da ƙin abinci.

Jiyya yana da tasiri kawai a farkon mataki na rauni. . Ana amfani da kwayoyi da yawa: sulfamethazine, tetracycline 2%, ko norsulfazole.

Cututtuka marasa kamuwa da cuta

Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungal, da ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka marasa cututtuka na iya tasowa a cikin tsuntsaye.

1. Atonia na goiter. Babban dalilin shine tarin abinci wanda ke haifar da toshewa. Goiter yana taurare kuma ya zama mai laushi. Don magance matsalar, wajibi ne a zubar da wasu digo na man kayan lambu a kan baki na tsuntsu, yin tausa mai haske na goiter, juya jiki kuma cire ragowar abinci.
2. Dyspepsia (ciwon ciki). Wannan cuta tana faruwa ne saboda dalilai guda biyu: ciyar da kaji abinci mai ƙarfi ko walda su da ruwa mai datti. Alamomi: taurin yankin ciki, stools na ruwa tare da guda na abinci mara narkewa, zazzabi. Don dawo da lafiya, tsuntsu ya fara ba da abincin da ya dace da shekaru, wanda aka sayar da shi tare da wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate ko ba da ruwa na alkaline.
3. Bronchopneumonia. Dalilin ci gaban shine yawan sanyin kaji akai-akai. A cikin mutane marasa lafiya, ana ganin saurin numfashi, rashin ci, da yawan zubar da jini daga baki. Idan ba a dauki mataki ba bayan kwanaki 2-3, tsuntsu ya mutu. Ana yin magani tare da terramycin ko penicillin.
4. Vitaminosis. Wannan sau da yawa yana faruwa a cikin kwanciya kaji, wanda ke cikin sel kuma ba sa samun isasshen bitamin da ma’adanai a lokacin hunturu. A sakamakon haka, tsuntsu ya rasa murfin gashin gashinsa, ya zama m, yana rage nauyi, kuma yana tasowa conjunctivitis. Maganin wannan matsala ita ce walda kaji tare da hadadden bitamin.

Parasites

Mafi yawan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke bayyana a cikin yanayin ɗanɗano, cunkoso da kasancewar datti da datti:

1. Tsutsotsi Za a iya gano nau’in nau’i mai sauƙi a cikin zubar da kaji. Tef ɗin zai iya rayuwa a jiki har tsawon rayuwarsa, yana haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani, har ma da mutuwa. Don kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta, ana ba kaji magungunan anthelmintic.
2. Fluke. Alamun: kumburi da ja na cloaca, tsuntsu ya dubi baƙar fata, gashinsa yana da datti, jihar yana da damuwa. Ana amfani da carbon tetrachloride don magani.
3. Fluff da nibbles. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna cin gashin fuka-fukai, suna barin tabo a bayansu. Kuna iya lalata shi idan kun bi da gashin gashin tsuntsu tare da fesa Insectol.

Binciken

Bin matakan kariya masu sauƙi zasu taimaka don guje wa kamuwa da cuta da kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban da kwari:

1. Ba wanda ya ajiye manya tsuntsaye da kananan dabbobi a cikin gidan kaza, kamar yadda kaji suna da raunin tsarin rigakafi, don haka ko da kamuwa da cuta na iya haifar da mutuwarsu.
2. A farkon alamun marasa lafiya, dole ne a canza su zuwa dakin keɓe.
3. Wurin da ake ajiye tsuntsayen da suka kamu da cutar dole ne a shafe shi sosai.
4. Tabbatar cewa garken yana da kyau kuma daidaitaccen abinci mai gina jiki a cikin shekara, da kuma ruwa mai tsabta.
5. Tsabtace gidan kaji mai tsabta: zubar da sharar abinci akan lokaci, maye gurbin datti sau ɗaya a shekara da kuma kula da ingantaccen microclimate.

Sharhin mai shi

Yawancin masu shayarwa sun gamsu da irin Hercules:

• Duk da babban farashi na kayan haɓakawa da haɓaka matasa, sakamako mai kyau yana yiwuwa. yawan nama da kwai,
• ga wasu ina son kaji cikin sauƙin dacewa da kowane yanayi na tsare, suna da nutsuwa, wannan yana sauƙaƙe kulawa da su sosai,
• da yawa suna haifar da wannan nau’in don nama da ƙwai don siyarwa.