Yayin da masu lambu ke girma dankali a yankuna daban-daban, masu lambu sun yanke shawarar mafi kyawun kayan lambu a yankin. Daga cikinsu akwai: nau’in ripening da wuri, matsakaici da kuma marigayi. Kowane nau’in yana da fa’idodi da yawa kuma ana iya girma ba kawai ta ƙwararrun masu shuka dankalin turawa ba, har ma da masu son dankalin turawa. Daga cikin irin tsakiyar farkon za a iya bambanta Wizard dankalin turawa. Ana girma a Gabas mai Nisa, a cikin Volga ta Tsakiya, Arewa maso Yamma, Volga-Vyatka, Arewacin Caucasus da Tsakiyar Black Earth yankuna, duka a filayen gonaki da kuma a cikin lambuna masu zaman kansu.
Halayen Sihirin Dankali
Halayen dankalin turawa
Za’a iya shuka iri-iri na tsakiyar lokacin don amfanin matasa, sannan zaku iya girbi amfanin gona mai kama watanni 2.5 bayan fitowar.
Amfanin Mayen Dankali
Lokacin da ake bayanin dankalin turawa na Wizard, ya zama dole a fara la’akari da cewa yana da kariya daga kamuwa da cutar kansar dankalin turawa, kwaro na mai tushe da tubers, kuma ba ya cutar da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke kashe tsire-tsire na inuwar dare.
Wasu nau’ikan da ke da manyan tubers kamar dankalin Enchantress sun lalace ta hanyar ruɓe da ramukan ‘ya’yan itacen. Dankalin mu The Wizard iri-iri yana kiyaye mutunci, duka a lokacin girbi da lokacin ajiya na dogon lokaci.
- 90 days wuce daga seedlings zuwa tubers na fasaha balaga.
- An bambanta dankali da babban yawan aiki.
- Ya dace da nau’ikan dafa abinci da yawa.
- Shuka yana da tsayayya ga lalacewar injiniya.
- Nau’in sihiri yana jure wa sufuri da kyau.
- Ba pretentious ga abun da ke ciki na ƙasa. da yanayin yanayi.
disadvantages
Halaye da bayanin mai shuka dankalin turawa na Charodey ba zai cika ba tare da ambaton ƙananan lahani na wannan tuber ba. Lokacin girma irin wannan kayan lambu, wasu matsaloli na iya tasowa.
- Dankali yana lalacewa da wasu kwari.
- Idan tubers ba a girbe na dogon lokaci ba, za ku iya rasa wani ɓangare na amfanin gona.
Amma, saduwa da duk buƙatun a cikin lokaci, yana da sauƙi har ma ga lambun da ba su da kwarewa don tara samfurori masu kyau.
Bayanin daji
Bushes sun kai tsayi fiye da 60 cm kuma suna girma shuke-shuke. Mafi sau da yawa sun ƙunshi 6 mai tushe. Ribbed mai tushe na Emerald launi. A kasa, zaka iya ganin yellowing na harbe. Itacen yana da kambi mai kyau, amma kusa da ƙasa ganyen na iya faɗuwa kaɗan. Suna da nau’in dankalin turawa, kimanin 15 cm tsayi. Farantin ganye yana da haske kore, ba shi da ripple tare da gefen. Jijiyoyin sun bayyana da kyau, musamman a tsakiya.
Lokacin da kuka kalli dankali a lokacin furanni, kun fahimci dalilin da yasa aka girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na ado a farkon shekarun bayyanarsa a Turai. Ana tattara kyawawan furanni masu launin dusar ƙanƙara-fari a cikin inflorescences apical. Furen da ke gindi wani lokaci suna girma tare, suna yin kwano mai kyau. Stamens suna da haske orange a launi, pistil yana fitowa kusan 0,5 cm sama da mazugi da aka yanke na stamens.
Furen suna pollinated tun kafin su buɗe. Don yaduwar iri, ana yin pollinated ta hanyar wucin gadi, cire anthers daga furen uwa da canja wurin pollen daga shukar iyaye zuwa lalatar pestle. Amma wannan nau’in, lokacin girma, ana yada shi ta tubers. Ko da dankalin turawa hybrids rike da takamaiman halaye a lokacin da dasa shuki tubers na kowane tsara.
Dankali tubers
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da kyau ga dankali mai dankali
Tushen dankalin turawa ne m, zagaye a sanduna. Harsashi yana da santsi rawaya a launi, tare da ƙananan fararen idanu masu duhu a cikin ƙananan baƙin ciki. Yawan dankali yana canzawa a matakin 100 g. Mafi ƙanƙanta yana auna kusan 70g, kuma mafi girma yana auna fiye da 120g.
Bangaran ɓangaren litattafan almara na tubers yana da yawa, fari, kuma ana ganin suturar sitaci lokacin da aka yanke. Abubuwan da ke cikin sitaci a cikin tubers sun ɗan fi girma fiye da na al’ada kuma shine 15%. Saboda haka, suna da kyau Boiled kuma ba sa bukatar lokaci mai tsawo don dafa abinci. Miya da dankalin da aka daka suna da daɗi sosai. .
A abun da ke ciki na kasar gona don dasa shuki tubers
Ana samun amfanin gona mai kyau a kan ƙasa mai yashi, ƙasar noma da marl. Lokacin da ake girma kayan lambu, nau’in dankalin turawa na Charodey, wanda halayyarsa ta ba da damar yin girma a cikin ƙasa daban-daban, yana girma mafi kyau a wuraren da aka haɗe. Don babban sutura, zaɓi:
- potassium salts,
- urea ko ammonium nitrate,
- superphosphates,
- kwayoyin halitta.
Yawancin lokaci shirya makirci don dankali a cikin fall. 1 kilogiram na gishiri, 0.7 kilogiram na phosphates da 1.2 kilogiram na takin potash ana kara kowace acre 1. Akalla kilogiram 200 na ruɓaɓɓen taki kuma ana sanya shi a saman ƙasa. Bayan yin ado na sama, an tono wurin zuwa zurfin har zuwa 20 cm.
Wata hanyar hadi ita ce shuka koren taki. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi, za a iya cire wasu mahadi na halitta. Abubuwan amfanin gona na gefe sune:
- hunturu hatsin rai,
- lupine mai launin rawaya mai kunkuntar,
- man radish,
- farin mustard,
- kayan abinci na peas.
Bayan girbi amfanin gona daga filin, ana shuka shi da tsaba na siderat. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kai 25 cm, felu ko mincer yana rufe ganye a cikin ƙasa.
Shirye-shiryen kayan iri
Halin da ake samu na wannan shuka ya ce Wizard na dankalin turawa na iya samar da amfanin gona 2 a kowace kakar. Wata daya kafin dasa shuki, ana shuka tubers kuma ana dasa su a zazzabi na akalla 15 ° C, suna fallasa akwatunan zuwa haske. Lokacin da aka fallasa ga haske, dankali ya zama kore da solanine a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara. Wannan shine guba da ke kare tsire-tsire daga kwari a karon farko bayan dasa.
Lokacin da idanu suka kai 4 cm, ana dasa tubers. Kafin wannan, yana da kyau a bi da su tare da daraja na Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.
Noman dankalin turawa
Ya kamata a sanya ƙasa da aka shirya a cikin layuka a nesa na 60 cm daga juna. Kuma za ku iya kawai kiyaye nisa a cikin tsarin dasa shuki. Tsakanin ko layuka suna fuskantar arewa zuwa kudu. An bar 30 cm tsakanin ramukan.
Ana sa ɗan bawon albasa da toka a kowane rami. A hankali zurfafa tubers kuma yayyafa da ƙasa.
Noman dankalin turawa
Masu noman dankalin turawa Mayen baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Abubuwan buƙatun iri ɗaya ne da lokacin girma sauran nau’ikan tubers:
- Lokacin hawan gilashin.
- sako da sassauta ƙasa.
- Shayar da tsire-tsire aƙalla sau 4.
- Dasa takin zamani.
- Kula da kwari da cututtuka.
Seedlings sprout a karon farko, kare su daga kwatsam sanyi.
Ana iya haɗa feshi na biyu tare da takin tsire-tsire idan an yi ruwan sama. Hadadden takin ma’adinai bisa ga girke-girke, wanda ke samuwa a cikin kunshin, ana amfani da shi a yankin kusa da gangar jikin bushes. Bayan haka, saman sun karye.
Lokacin da bushewar bazara ya faɗi, ana haɗa suturar saman tare da shayar da dankali. Kuna iya tsoma taki da ruwa da shayar da hallway. Ana kuma amfani da sabbin mullein ko zubar da tsuntsu don ciyarwa. Ana sanya kwayoyin halitta a cikin babban akwati kuma an diluted 1: 1 tare da ruwa. Bada izinin ferment na makonni 2. Sannan suka sake kara ruwa 1:10 sannan su shayar da wurin.
Kula da kwaro
Lokacin da ƙwaro na Colorado ya bayyana akan ƙananan bushes, ana tattara shi da hannu. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya karya ganyen da manya suka sanya ƙwai. Tabbas, ba za ku iya tattarawa da lalata komai ba. Sabili da haka, tare da babban bayyanar larvae, ana kula da shuka tare da maganin kwari na babban aiki.
Gudanarwa yana taimakawa ba kawai don lalata larvae ba, har ma yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan aphids da cicadas. Suna ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta, don haka bayan amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, za mu iya kare tsirrai daga ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban. Aiwatar da Antizhuk, Aktaru, Ratibor, Coragen da sauran magunguna.
ƙarshe
Don tabbatar da cewa darussan farko da na biyu masu dadi da masu gina jiki ba su bar teburin dafa abinci ba, ya kamata ku fara girma dankali a cikin filayenku. Wizard dankalin turawa ya dace da wannan. Ba wai kawai kowane mai lambu zai iya girma da shi ba, amma tare da kulawa mai kyau, za ku iya samun kayan lambu mai yawa. Idan akwai ragi, to sun dace sosai don siyarwa saboda kayan lambu na farko koyaushe suna cikin buƙatun masu amfani.
