Tsire-tsire na hydroponic suna ƙara zama sananne ba kawai tare da masu kasuwancin greenhouse ba, har ma tare da masu gida masu ci gaba. Kayan lambu marasa ƙasa da hanyoyin tsiro ganye suna jan hankali don ƙaƙƙarfan su, ƙayatarwa da tsafta. Don samun girbi mai kyau a cikin lambun ku ba tare da barin gidan ku ba, ya isa ya bi ka’idoji masu sauƙi don kula da tsire-tsire.
Menene hydroponics?
Hydroponics shine ingantaccen tsari kuma daidaitacce wanda ke ba ku damar samun yawan amfanin ƙasa lokacin girma amfanin gona na lambun ku cikin ruwa ta amfani da abubuwan gina jiki. Dangane da hanyar gyare-gyare da kuma noma, ana iya amfani da substrate mai haske (misali, yumbu mai fadi) a cikin tsarin. Har ila yau, an bambanta rukunin gidaje na hydroaeration, wanda aka ba da ruwa ta hanyar tidal.
Wadanne shuke-shuke za a iya girma a hydroponically?
Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine shuka tsire-tsire masu laushi a cikin shukar hydroponic. Waɗannan sun haɗa da nau’ikan kayan lambu iri-iri, kamar faski, dill, salads, basil, albasa, Rosemary, Mint, da sauransu. Hakanan tsire-tsire na cikin gida kamar ficus, dieffenbachia, philodendron, bishiyar asparagus, ivy, da ƙari.
Daga cikin kayan lambu, eggplants, tumatir, cucumbers da barkono sun fi dacewa da hanyar girma na hydroponic. Legumes da berries suna jin daɗi a cikin yanayin ruwa. Ko da ayaba za a iya girma a cikin wuraren hydroponic idan an lura da yanayin zafi da haske, da kuma abincin da ya dace.
Amma ba duk tsire-tsire ba ne za a iya girma a cikin maganin gina jiki. Wasu amfanin gona suna da zafin zafin jiki, suna iya samun matsakaicin ruwa, ko buƙatar kulawa akai-akai da wahala. Ba a ba da shawarar girma a gida ba:
- Estate Dankali, karas, beets, parsnips da sauransu. Waɗannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shayarwa ta musamman. Idan tushen tsarin ya sami danshi mai yawa, tubers fara rot.
- Fungi, kazalika da amfanin gona halin da aiki tushen girma.
- Tsire-tsire waɗanda ke buƙatar tsaftace daji akai-akai, cire matattun ganye da inflorescences. In ba haka ba, petals masu rugujewa za su toshe duk shigarwa cikin sauri. Waɗannan amfanin gona sun haɗa da wasu nau’ikan begonias da balsams.
- Kada ku dasa hydrangeas, clivia, lyasalia, ko wasu furanni masu ado waɗanda za su toho yayin barci a ƙananan yanayin zafi a cikin na’urorin hydroponic.
Bugu da ƙari, wani rukuni na amfanin gona yana buƙatar tsarin mutum ɗaya, dabarun noma na musamman da kuma maganin gina jiki na musamman.
Halayen hanya
Akwai fa’idodi da yawa ga shuka amfanin gona ba tare da ƙasa ba. Yana ba ku damar samun girbi mai inganci a duk shekara, kuma aiwatar da shi baya buƙatar manyan farashin jiki da na kuɗi. Amma wannan ba yana nufin kayan lambu suna girma da kansu ba, ba tare da sa hannun ɗan adam ba. Babban fasalin hydroponics shine buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun na matakan ruwa, matakan gina jiki, da lafiyar shuka gabaɗaya.
dole kayan aiki
Don shuka tsire-tsire ta hydroponically, kuna buƙatar na’urori masu zuwa:
- Magani tanki. Dangane da gyare-gyaren da aka zaɓa, za su iya zama 1 ko 2. A matsayin tanki, zaka iya amfani da gwangwani filastik, kwantena, buckets har ma da silinda na lita uku na yau da kullun. Girman akwati zai dogara ne akan adadin tsire-tsire a cikin tsarin. Duk da haka, don manyan saukowa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tankuna masu matsakaici da yawa maimakon babba ɗaya. Mafi kyawun kwantena don adana kayan abinci mai gina jiki ana ɗaukar tankuna tare da ƙarar har zuwa lita 50. Wani muhimmin batu shi ne cewa kwandon dole ne ya kasance yana da lebur da murfi marar iska. Kuma kwantena bayyanannu ko mara nauyi an riga an manna su da foil na aluminum mai haske ko fentin fenti mai duhu. Wannan zai hana ruwa yin fure.
- Tashoshi biyu famfo. Wannan abu ne da ake buƙata na shigarwa, ba tare da la’akari da tsarin da kuka hau ba. Godiya gare shi, ruwa yana kewaya ta hanyar tsarin, yana cike da dawakai na shuke-shuke.
- Hoses da sprayers. Tare da drip da capillary ban ruwa, ba za ku iya yin ba tare da irin waɗannan abubuwa ba. Suna samar da wani bayani na tattalin arziki da kuma dace na gina jiki ga tushen seedlings.
- Aquarium compressor. Wannan dalla-dalla ba a la’akari da wajibi ba, amma idan zai yiwu, yana da kyau a shigar da na’urar. Sabili da haka, ruwan zai ci gaba da cike da iskar oxygen, yana haɓaka sakamako mai kyau. Wani lokaci aikin kwampreso yana taka rawa ta hanyar duwatsu, waɗanda aka sanya su a ƙarƙashin wuraren bututun famfo. Lokacin buga duwatsun, ruwan ya fantsama ya sha iskar oxygen.
- Pans. Idan za ta yiwu, yana da kyau a shirya tukwane na musamman don seedlings. In ba haka ba, kwantena filastik na bakin ciki cikakke ne. Domin tsire-tsire su zama mafi kyau tare da bayani, an yi ramuka a cikin ganuwar su tare da karamin rawar jiki.
- Ana buƙatar abubuwan da ke cikin capillary ko tsarin ruwa don kula da shuka a cikin tukwane. Zai iya zama cakuda na musamman na peat, yashi mara nauyi, yumbu mai faɗi, da sauransu.
Hakanan zaka buƙaci takin mai magani na musamman, wanda zaɓin wanda zai dogara ne akan amfanin gona da aka shuka. Saitin kayan aikin da ke da alaƙa ya dace da gyare-gyaren shigarwa, amma a mafi yawan lokuta rawar jiki, screws, sealant da wuka sun isa.
Na’urar da za ta tantance adadin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ruwa ba za ta yi yawa ba. Don wannan, ana amfani da mita TDS. A wasu lokuta, kuna iya buƙatar ma’aunin zafin jiki na ruwa. Amma kawai idan muka yi magana game da namo na wurare masu zafi m shuke-shuke.
Isasshen ruwa
Bisa ga ƙididdiga, shuka mai girma a kowace rana ya kamata ya sami lita uku na maganin gina jiki tare da isasshen ruwa a cikin tsarin. A wannan yanayin, ana la’akari da daidaitaccen samar da ruwa kowane sa’o’i biyu.
Duk da haka, dole ne a la’akari da cewa amfani da zafi zai iya bambanta dangane da amfanin gona, yanayin iska da tsarin ban ruwa da aka yi amfani da su. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a duba matakin bayani a cikin tsarin a lokaci guda a kowace rana.
Tufafin shuka
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wani tanki na daban don maganin gina jiki, ana ƙara taki kai tsaye a cikin tanki kuma a haɗa shi da sauran ruwa ta hanyar ruwa ta hanyar tsarin.
Idan an yi amfani da tsarin da aka rufe, alal misali, da aka yi da bututun PVC, to, ana bada shawara don haɗa kayan abinci tare da karamin adadin ruwa kuma shigar da tsarin tare da ƙarin ruwa na gaba.
Ana nuna yawan ciyarwa akan kunshin, da kuma adadin abin da ake buƙata. A matsayinka na yau da kullum, ana ciyar da kayan lambu kowane mako 3-4. Ana iya tara tsire-tsire na ado kowane wata biyu. Yawancin taki ana amfani dashi a lokacin girma mai aiki kuma an dakatar da shi gaba daya makonni 2-3 kafin girbi.
Shuka kulawa
Rashin ƙasa yana sa kula da tsire-tsire ya fi sauƙi. Babu buƙatar cire ciyawa daga gadaje, sassauta saman Layer. Babu datti da yawancin kwari. Babban abin damuwa ya zo ne ga dubawa yau da kullun da kawar da tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa.
Yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu game da yanayin bushes: kodadde foliage, lethargy na iya nuna rashin danshi ko abinci mai gina jiki. Yawan wuce haddi na taki sau da yawa yana bayyana kansa a bayyanar tabo ko bushe gefuna na ganye. Dogayen harbe da kodadde suna nuna rashin haske.
Yin amfani da hanyoyin noman “marasa ƙasa”, wajibi ne a cire matattun ganye da peduncles a cikin lokaci don kada su toshe bututu. Kuma ba shakka, sabunta maganin gina jiki akan lokaci. Idan akwai wari mara kyau ko alamun kamuwa da cuta a kan tsire-tsire, ya kamata ku wanke kayan aiki kuma ku sabunta ruwa gaba ɗaya.
Daban-daban na tsarin hydroponic.
Tarihin tsohuwar duniya ya nuna cewa an yi nasarar amfani da fasahar hydroponic shekaru dubbai da suka wuce. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan al’ajabi na duniya a yau ana ɗaukarsa Lambunan Rataye na Babila, waɗanda aka sanye su da nau’in ban ruwa na capillary. Ko da yake wasu masana ilmin halitta sun yi sabani da wannan ra’ayi, suna masu ikirarin cewa akwai datti a cikin magudanar ruwa. Wato, ba shi yiwuwa a kira lambuna da bayyanar hydroponic a fahimtar yau game da wannan kalma.
An sadaukar da mazaunan Kudancin Amirka don noma ba tare da ƙasa ba. Wani ra’ayi mai ban sha’awa daidai da shi shi ne shawarar da Mexicans suka yanke don haɓaka shuke-shuke a cikin rafts. Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar zamani, ana iya kwatanta waɗannan hanyoyin da ban ruwa na ruwa.
Ana amfani da ka’idar ban ruwa na seedling na yau da kullun cikin nasara ta masu noman yau kuma suna ba da sakamako mai kyau. Abubuwan shigarwa na Hydroponic (musamman nau’ikan cikin gida) koyaushe ana inganta su kuma ana daidaita su da yanayin nasu. Amma duk sun dogara ne akan manyan gine-gine guda uku:
- Ebb da kwarara. Don aiwatar da shi, kuna buƙatar famfo mai ƙarfi. Maganin yana ambaliya sashin tushen a lokaci-lokaci. Sauran lokacin, tushen ya kasance a cikin iska (a cikin tsarin rufewa, wanda ke hana curling) kuma suna cike da oxygen.
- Rashin ruwa na capillary. Canjin kawai na shuka hydroponic wanda ba a buƙatar famfo ba. An gyara tsire-tsire tare da substrate, maganin gina jiki yana gudana ba tare da izini ba ta cikin gutters.
- Drip ban ruwa. Dukan lokacin girma yana faruwa ba tare da substrate ba. Ana ba da maganin ruwa mai ruwa tare da famfo ta bututu na musamman tare da nozzles na feshi. Ana ajiye ƙurar ruwa mai kyau a kan tushen. Wani ɓangare na danshi yana ɗauka kuma an mayar da abin da ya wuce zuwa tanki ta hanyar magudanar ruwa.
Zaɓin shuka mai dacewa na hydroponic don shuka tsire-tsire ya kamata ya dogara ne akan amfanin gona da ake noma da kuma yuwuwar ɗakin. Mafi ƙanƙantawa shine shigarwar tidal da capillary, waɗanda za’a iya sanya su cikin dacewa a tsaye.
