Tushen tsire-tsire galibi yana cutar da nau’ikan fungi guda biyu: pythium da fusarium (pythium da fusarium, Figures 1 da 2, bi da bi). Kamuwa da cuta yana tasowa lokacin da shuka ya raunana ko lokacin da iskar oxygen ta rasa a cikin maganin gina jiki. Rashin iskar oxygen, wanda ke da matukar dacewa ga hanyoyin hydroponic, yana hana tushen, wanda ke amsawa ta hanyar sakin gas, wato ethylene. Wannan gas yana aiki azaman sigina don jawo hankalin ƙwayoyin cuta. Pythium da farko yayi kama da ƙaramin digo baƙar fata a ƙarshen tushen. Fusarium yana kai hari ga tushen a wasu wurare kuma yayi kama da tabo mai launin ruwan kasa. Idan ba a yi komai ba, shuka zai mutu da sauri.
bayyanar cututtuka
Launin tushen a hankali yana canzawa daga farin lafiyayye zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai haske yayin da yake ruɓe. Wannan yana biye da rawaya da bushewar tsoffin ganye. Gabaɗaya, haɓakar shuka ya raunana. Idan akwai mummunar lalacewa, naman gwari ya isa tushe na babban akwati na shuka kuma ya juya launin ruwan kasa.
Maimaitawa
Abin sha’awa, amma abu mafi mahimmanci a nan shi ne rigakafi. Ciwon tushen fungal yana da wuyar warkewa. Wannan yana yiwuwa, amma ba ya zuwa ba tare da lalacewa ba. Tsire-tsire suna raguwa kuma girbi yana wahala. Kuna buƙatar sanin dalilin da yasa wannan ya faru; Nemo dalilin kuma ɗauki matakai don hana faruwar hakan kuma. Sau da yawa akwai dalili ɗaya kawai: rashin iskar oxygen a cikin maganin gina jiki. Amma kuma yana yiwuwa tsire-tsire sun raunana ta rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko kuma yanayi mara kyau. Yana da mahimmanci a gane cewa cututtukan fungal ba su zo daga ko’ina ba. Tsire-tsire suna da ingantattun hanyoyin kariya don tunkarar duk wani yanayi mara kyau. Makanikai sun kasa jure aikinsu kawai lokacin da tsire-tsire suka raunana.
Kada ku ɓata lokaci don gano ainihin sunan naman gwari wanda ya kamu da tushen. Suna yawanci suna da gaba ɗaya “Rotten Tushen”… Jiyya koyaushe iri ɗaya ce: dabarar gaba ɗaya tayi kama da bayanin maganin rashi. Na farko, yi ƙoƙarin halakar da pathogen. Magungunan fungicides na yau da kullun da ake amfani da su a aikin gona suna da guba kuma ba za a iya amfani da su yayin girma ba, don haka dole ne a cire su gaba ɗaya. Iyakar abin da ke faruwa shine kwayoyin fungicides, wanda aka yi daga trichoderma da algae.
Trichodermine
Trichodermin shine maganin fungicides na ilimin halitta, wanda tsarin aikinsa ya dogara ne akan hana ci gaban phytopathogens ta hanyar naman gwari. Trichoderma ƙwayar cutaƘara trichodermin da analogs zuwa maganin gina jiki shine hanya mafi kyau don hanawa da sarrafa rot. Ƙarin cikakkun bayanai a cikin labarin “Trichodermin” …
Silicate yumbu
Shahararren magani don yaki da cututtukan fungal shine yumbu silicate, wanda abu ne na halitta mara lahani. Ba zai magance duk matsalolin ba, amma zai rage yawan adadin ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin su. Ba tare da jinkiri ba, zaka iya amfani da yumbu mai yawa na silicate, ba shi da kashi mai guba. Na gaba, ya kamata a maye gurbin maganin abinci mai gina jiki tare da sabo, ruwan pH-daidaitacce. Idan akwai damar tushen tushen, yakamata a yi ƙoƙari don cire tushen matattun da yawa gwargwadon yiwuwa. Idan ka ja da sauƙi a kan tushen ji, duk wani igiya da ya rage a hannunka zai mutu. Tushen da ya kamu da cutar ba ya sake farfadowa, don haka ana ba da shawarar ƙara tushen haɓakar haɓaka don taimakawa shuka ta sake girma sabon tushen. A duk lokacin aikin, dole ne a ba da abinci mai gina jiki ga tsire-tsire don guje wa rashi da samar da abubuwa da tushen matasa. Kamar yadda tushen ya bayyana, fara haɓaka haɓakawar maganin gina jiki. Ya kamata a yi ciyar da foliar tare da matsakaicin bayani (aiki 0,5-0,7 mS) har sai tushen tushen ya ɗauki nauyin abincin shuka. Don hanzarta farfadowa, zaku iya amfani da kowane nau’in ƙari: humic acid ko fulvic acid, waɗanda sune mafi kyawun magani a matakin tushen. A cikin foliar abinci fesa, za ka iya ƙara vermicompost tsantsa, seaweed tsantsa, da duk wani abu da ke aiki ga lafiyar shuka.
Binciken
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don hanawa ko rage tasirin cututtukan fungal. Ya kamata a guji dasa tsire-tsire kusa da juna, saboda hakan yana rage motsin iska, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar zafi, wanda ke haifar da zafi. Wajibi ne don kula da kwararar iska mai kyau, kula da zafi tsakanin 40-60% da kiyaye kyawawan ayyukan tsabta. Fusarium sau da yawa cuta ce ta biyu; wannan yana nufin cewa gabaɗaya yana kai hari ga shuka lokacin da ya riga ya lalace ko ya raunana ta ta yanayin girma mara kyau. Don haka ta hanyar samun mafi kyawun microclimate a cikin yankin ku na girma da kiyaye tsire-tsire lafiya, zaku iya rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
Yi amfani da yumbu silicate don rigakafi. Narke 1 kg na yumbu a cikin lita 20 na ruwa. Bari ya tsaya na tsawon kwanaki 3, yana motsawa lokaci-lokaci. Tace da zuba kai tsaye a cikin tanki bayani 1 kofin (kimanin 200 g) ga kowane lita 10 na bayani. Ƙara duk lokacin da kuka canza mafita.
