Ga masu shuka furanni na Rasha, wannan wata sabuwar hanya ce ta gaskiya. Amma a Turai, fasahar noman ‘marasa ƙasa’ ta daɗe an kafa ta akan fage mai haske. Har ila yau, ya fi shahara a kasashen arewa.
Alal misali, a cikin Netherlands, kusan duk abin da aka shuka a cikin ruwa mai gina jiki: daga kayan lambu zuwa legumes da berries. Kuma a cikin Netherlands, yawancin furanni na fitarwa suna girma ta wannan hanyar.
A gida, irin waɗannan kundin, ba shakka, ba za a iya samun su ba. Amma tare da ƙwarewar ƙwararru, zaku iya girma kyawawan furanni da sauri da sauƙi.
Fasaha don distilling tulips a hydroponics
Hydroponics wani nau’i ne na noma na musamman don lambun lambu da kayan lambu, wanda ba a dasa tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa ba, amma ana ciyar da shi tare da bayani na musamman. Sauran fasahar sun yi kama da distillation na al’ada. Don dasa kwararan fitila a cikin bayani, za a buƙaci kwantena, kuma matakin shirye-shiryen ya haɗa da ƙaddamarwa na farko na kayan dasa.
Babban bambanci daga hanyoyin gargajiya shine tsawon lokacin sanyaya na kwararan fitila da tsananin bin ka’idodin kulawa. Bugu da kari, mai noman zai bukaci jajircewa, ilimi a fannin fasahar noma, tsananin riko da adadin abubuwan gina jiki da aka ba da shawarar, da kiyaye wasu lokuta. Ga mafari, wannan na iya zama kamar al’amari mai rikitarwa. Amma bayan ƙware dabarun fasaha na yau da kullun, zai zama mafi sauƙi don sarrafa tulips ta wannan hanyar.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Kamar yadda a cikin kowane shugabanci agrotechnical, yana da ribobi da fursunoni. Abubuwan da ba za a iya musantawa ba:
- saukaka. Ana buƙatar ƙananan ƙoƙari don kiyayewa, tun da ba lallai ba ne don canja wurin ƙasa;
- Ajiye Akwatunan, yin la’akari da lalatawar shekara-shekara, ana iya sake amfani da su;
- Retrewar sararin samaniya. Kwantenan maganin abinci mai gina jiki suna ɗaukar ƙasa kaɗan;
- Tsafta. Ba a rufe shi da ƙasa ba, kayan shuka ya kasance mai tsabta;
- inganci. Wannan dabarar tana ba da damar samun tsayin peduncles, wanda ke ba da damar samun babban “daraja” ta amfani da furanni marasa isa;
- Gudu. Yana bayar da sakamakon farko, don haka rage rayuwar greenhouse.
Force hydroponics yana da bayyanar kasuwanci a cikin mako guda bayan sanya kwararan fitila a cikin greenhouse. Bugu da kari, wannan hanya za a iya sauƙi canza zuwa Semi-atomatik ko atomatik yanayin.
Koyaya, tare da fa’idodi masu yawa, wannan nau’in fasahar noma shima yana da babban lahani:
- Kuna buƙatar kwantena na musamman;
- Busasshen daki mai da iska don adana dogon lokaci na kayan shuka;
- Kula da tsarin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a cikin ɗakin don tushen kwararan fitila;
- Tsire-tsire sun zama masu saurin kamuwa da cututtuka: Tushen sun yi duhu, ganye sun fadi;
- Ana buƙatar cikakken lalata kayan aiki.
Hakanan, ta amfani da wannan fasaha, dole ne ku mai da hankali sosai game da nau’in tulip da halaye iri-iri. Dogayen furanni na iya ba da tsayi mai tsayi, wanda zai lalata bayyanar furen.
Hanyar distillation
Ayyukan Agrotechnical yana tafiya ta matakai da yawa, kowannensu yana da jerin abubuwan da aka tsara. A lokaci guda, yawancin aikin yana shagaltar da matakin shiri. Idan a wannan lokacin duk abin da aka yi daidai, dasa shuki tare da tulips yana jin daɗin furen abokantaka.
Lokacin sanyi
Wannan shine mataki mafi mahimmanci, wanda ingancin yanke na gaba ya dogara kai tsaye. Don tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin ruwa, lokacin sanyaya yana da halaye da yawa:
- A kwararan fitila sanyi bushe;
- Saboda yanayin da za a shimfiɗa peduncles, lokacin sanyaya yana raguwa da mako guda idan aka kwatanta da lokacin da aka tilasta ƙasa;
- Iri-iri masu ƙarancin girma suna kiyaye sanyi ya daɗe.
Yanayin zafin jiki don sanyaya zai dogara da burin ku.
A matsakaita, lokacin stratification na tulips yana daga ƙarshen lokacin rani zuwa farkon bazara.
Kimanin tsarin zafin jiki shine kamar haka:
- Agusta zuwa karshen Oktoba 9 ° C;
- Daga karshen Oktoba zuwa tsakiyar Nuwamba 7 ° C;
- Har zuwa farkon Disamba 5 ° C;
- Ƙarin lokacin sanyaya yana faruwa a zazzabi na 1-2 ° C.
Idan an jinkirta shuka, a ƙarshen Maris, yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin ajiya ya tashi zuwa 7 ° C ko 9 ° C kuma ana sarrafa halayen kayan shuka. Tare da saurin ci gaban tushen, zai sake buƙatar rage shi zuwa 3 ° C.
Idan an shirya distillation don kwanan wata da ta gabata, zazzabi a cikin wurin ajiya ba zai iya faɗuwa ƙasa da 5 ° C na tsawon lokacin ba. A wannan zafin jiki, duk lokacin rooting dole ne kuma ya faru. Yana farawa daga lokacin da aka dasa tsire-tsire a cikin ruwa.
Don ajiya na gida, zaku iya amfani da busasshen ginshiki ko kayan abinci mai sanyi. Don canza tsarin tsarin zafin jiki, kayan dasawa za a buƙaci a motsa su zuwa ɗakuna masu zafi (sanyi). Ko shigar da tsarin kula da yanayi. Zaɓin na ƙarshe yana da riba kawai don noman taro.
Shuka kwararan fitila a cikin kwantena
Don samun yanke mai inganci, tulip dole ne koyaushe ya kasance a cikin madaidaiciyar matsayi.
Na’urorin haɗi na musamman suna taimakawa wajen tallafawa shuka. Yau iri biyu ne daga cikinsu. Dangane da kwandon shuka, dasa shuki kwararan fitila shima yana da nasa nuances.
Alal misali, kwantena na ruwa na Dutch an sanye shi da wani kusa mai laushi na musamman. Ba ya lalata kwararan fitila kuma yana kiyaye su cikin aminci a wuri ɗaya. Ana iya dasa kwararan fitila a cikin irin waɗannan kwantena nan da nan kafin sanyaya, kuma a daidai lokacin, kawai cika akwati da ruwa.
Duk da haka, ƙirar Yaren mutanen Holland kuma yana da nasa lahani: an tsara mai riƙe a cikin akwati don girman girman kwan fitila. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dashi don noma a cikin tsarin sarrafa kansa tare da wurare dabam dabam na maganin ruwa.
A gida, daidaitattun kwantena tare da latches baynet da ramukan magudanar ruwa sun fi shahara. Bayonets suna ba ku damar daidaita kwararan fitila na kowane girman, kuma ramukan magudanar ruwa suna hana kayan shuka su toshewa. Bayan an tabbatar da duk kwararan fitila, an sanya akwati a cikin akwatin tattara ruwa na waje. Girman tsarin da aka riga aka tsara shine kawai 40 * 60 cm.
Babban hasara na irin waɗannan kwantena shine lalacewa ga kayan shuka.
Kwan fitila wanda amincinsa ya lalace ya fi saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
Sabili da haka, kayan aiki da kayan aiki lokacin da aka tashi a cikin irin waɗannan gine-gine suna buƙatar aiki a hankali. Saukowa kanta ya kamata a yi sauri da sauri don kada gefen lalacewa ba shi da lokaci don tsayayya kafin shiga cikin ruwa.
Idan ana so, ana iya maye gurbin kwantena na musamman da akwatunan ragar filastik da akwatin waje mai girman da ya dace. Amma wannan ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda dalilai guda biyu, musamman ga masu farawa:
- Na farko, tushen tushen zai girma ta cikin ramukan cikin akwatin kuma zai yi wuya a cire kwan fitila ba tare da ciwo ba.
- Na biyu, yana da wuya a sarrafa matakin ruwan da ake buƙata.
Magani wadata
Ana zuba ruwan a cikin kwantena har zuwa wani matakin, ta yadda kawai kasan kwan fitila ke cikin ruwa. Wannan tsarin yana ƙarfafa tushen girma kuma yana sa kwan fitila ya bushe da ƙarfi.
Ya kamata a duba matakin ruwa akai-akai kuma, idan ya cancanta, cika shi da ruwa.
Ana bada shawara don canza maganin gaba ɗaya sau 1-2 LOKACIN KASHE.
Lokacin zabar tsarin kewayawa, yana da sauƙi don kula da buƙatun gabaɗaya don duk kwararan fitila a lokaci ɗaya. Amma yana da daraja la’akari da cewa tare da ci gaba da gudana hanyar, cututtukan fungal kuma za a yada su zuwa duk tsire-tsire a cikin sarkar ban ruwa.
Lokacin tushen tushe
Tsawon lokacin bayyanar tsarin tushen tsarin zai iya bambanta dangane da iri-iri, amma ana aiwatar da shi koyaushe a yanayin zafi kadan, ba fiye da 5 ° C. A matsakaita, tare da farkon distillation, tsawon lokaci bai wuce makonni 4 ba. Don marigayi dasa shuki, yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni 2 kafin tsire-tsire suyi tushe.
Zaɓin kayan dasa shuki zai taimaka hanzarta aiwatarwa. Kwan fitila masu kumbura saiwoyi suna yin tushe da sauri. Idan shuka bai sami tushe a cikin kwanaki 14 ba, dole ne a cire shi, saboda akwai yuwuwar ” ambaliyar ruwa”.
Tilastawa a cikin greenhouse
An yi la’akari da tushen nasara lokacin da tushen ya kai kusan 4 cm tsayi kuma mai tushe ya girma 6 cm, bayan haka, ana tura tsire-tsire masu tilastawa zuwa greenhouse tare da akwatunan hydroponic.
Ci gaba da girma yana faruwa a babban zafi (har zuwa 85%) da zafin jiki na iska na 17 ° C. Tare da ingantaccen ci gaban seedlings, tushen tsarin dole ne ya karu kullum. Tushen ya kasance fari a duk lokacin tilastawa. Idan tushen tsarin da ruwan da ke cikin akwatin sun zama launin ruwan kasa, dole ne a sabunta maganin gaba daya.
Tsaftacewa da ajiya
Kuna iya rigaya sha’awar kyawawan tulips bayan wata daya. Tsarin da aka shirya don girbi ya kamata ya sami sabon bayyanar, mai yawa da karfi mai tushe, rufaffiyar buds. Zabar furanni yana da sauƙi. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaga shuka tare da ƙaramin ƙoƙari.
An tattara kayan da aka tattara a cikin jakunkuna na takarda masu iska. Kada a fallasa ajiya zuwa hasken rana kuma zafin iska bai kamata ya wuce 2 ° C. Idan an kiyaye waɗannan ka’idodin, tulip mai girma zai kasance har tsawon watanni 1,5. In ba haka ba, simintin zai rabu a buɗe kuma kwararan fitila za su kamu da mold mai launin toka.
