Tare da hanyar ci gaba na hydroponic, zaku iya girbi sabbin kayan lambu da ganye a cikin shekara. Akwai masu sha’awar sha’awa waɗanda suke son shuka strawberries kuma suna da kyau a ciki.
Girma strawberries hydroponically
Hydroponics hanya ce ta noma a cikin mahalli marasa ƙasa na wucin gadi kuma yana cikin hanyoyin samar da amfanin gona na ci gaba. Sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmomin Helenanci guda biyu «hydro» – ruwa da «ponos» – aiki, wato, kalmar gaba ɗaya tana nufin – «maganin aiki».
Kafin ka fara girma strawberries ta amfani da hanyar hydroponic, kana buƙatar auna duk ribobi da fursunoni na fasaha da kuma kimanta iyawarta da gaske.
Ribobi da rashin amfani na fasaha
Bari mu fara da abubuwa masu kyau:
- Tasirin farashi. Ba ya buƙatar shayarwa. Berry yana karɓar duk adadin da ake buƙata na ruwa daga matsakaicin abinci mai gina jiki. Evaporation ba ya faruwa kamar yadda na al’ada ban ruwa. Abubuwan gina jiki da ke ƙunshe a cikin maganin suma suna aiki ne ta hanyar “daidaitacce” kuma kada ku yi nisa cikin ƙasa ba da gangan ba cikin adadin da ba a sarrafa su ba.
- Yawan aiki. Tare da mafi ƙarancin amfani da danshi, kayan yaji da yanki, zaku iya samun mafi kyawun aiki.
- Yawan aiki baya dogara da yanayi, yanayi, yanayin yanayi, daman ƙasa, da sauran abubuwan waje.
- Abota da muhalli. Tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin, ba za ku buƙaci amfani da magungunan herbicides masu haɗari da magungunan kashe qwari ba. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ba sa tara gishiri na ƙarfe masu nauyi, radionuclides da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa waɗanda zasu iya shiga cikin shuka ta ƙasa.
- Juriya Tsire-tsire ba su da saurin kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan fungi da kwari na ƙasa.
- Ba lallai ba ne don yin aiki tare da ƙasa, ci gaba da sassauta ƙasa da yaƙi da weeds.
- Ana taqaitaccen lokutan maturation sau 2-3.
- Tsire-tsire masu shirye don ci suna da sauri da sauƙin girbi. A kan tebur koyaushe za a sami sabbin ganye, kayan lambu da berries waɗanda aka tsince daga “lambun”.
- Kyakkyawan jin daɗi daga kusurwar kore na gidan da sabbin strawberries duk shekara zagaye.
Duk da fa’idodin da aka jera, wannan fasaha tana da halaye mara kyau, waɗanda yakamata ku sani game da:
- Akwai babban haɗari na yin kuskure lokacin shirya maganin hydroponic. Duk wani kuskure na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka gabaɗaya, kuma dole ne a fara aikin.
- Bukatar kiyaye zafin jiki, zafi da yanayin haske akai-akai.
- Kowane nau’in shuka zai buƙaci zaɓin mutum ɗaya na abubuwan gina jiki.
- Yin pollination na hannu aiki ne mai wahala.
- Haɓaka farashin kuɗi a matakin farko.
- Amfanin makamashi na yau da kullun.
- Wannan hanyar ba za ta yi aiki ga masu lambu marasa alhaki ba. Yana buƙatar kulawa akai-akai, hankali, haƙuri, kiyaye lokaci, da daidaito.
Yadda ake yin hydroponics don strawberries.
Akwai nau’ikan tsarin hydroponic da yawa da ɗaruruwan gyare-gyare. Amma duk sun kasu kashi biyu manya:
- M. Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire ta hanyar capillaries. Don wannan, an tsara tsarin ban ruwa na drip na zamani. Ana amfani da su don shuka albasa, radishes, har ma da dankali, da furanni masu yawa. Wato, shuke-shuke da tubers, kwararan fitila da kuma tushen.
- Mai aiki Ana ɗaukar zagayawa na ruwa, wanda aka samu ta hanyar aikin famfo.
Shirye-shiryen shuke-shuke hydroponic suna samuwa a kasuwa, amma tsada. Kuna iya yin tsarin tare da hannayen ku akan farashi kaɗan.
Hydroponics ya dogara ne akan ginshiƙai uku:
– ingantaccen zaɓaɓɓen maganin gina jiki;
– zafin jiki na optima;
– Kunnawa;
- Ana ba da shawarar zafin rana don strawberries + 25-26 ° C, dare + 15-18 ° C.
- Sa’o’in hasken rana dole ne su wuce aƙalla sa’o’i 14 kuma, don ire-iren su, 18.
- Haske: 60 lumens, wanda yayi daidai da hasken rana.
- Yanayin zafi na yanayi – 60-70%.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata
Don shigarwa na hydroponic, kuna buƙatar bututun PVC, kayan aiki, giciye, sasanninta, goyan bayan bututu, kwandon bayani, hoses, da famfo na ruwa. Kuna iya amfani da kwampreso na al’ada da famfon akwatin kifaye. Ana iya siyan tukwanen filastik masu nauyi daga mai sayad da furanni ko yin oda akan layi. Diamita na bututu ya dogara da girman tushen shuke-shuke. Don hydroponics, yawanci ana ɗaukar bututu tare da diamita na 50-100 mm.
A matsayin ma’auni, ana amfani da kayan haɓaka mai girma, haɓakar iska da hygroscopicity: yumbu mai faɗi, fiber kwakwa da sawdust, ulu mai ma’adinai gauraye da peat. Da kanta, substrate ba ya samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga shuka, yana hidima ne kawai don tallafawa tushen.
Don girma strawberries a tsaye, bututun PVC na yau da kullun sun dace. Ana yin ban ruwa ta hanyar tsarin capillary.
Don noma a kwance: kwantena filastik, kwalaye, trays. Za a samar da samar da maganin abinci mai gina jiki ga tushen da na’urar famfo na ruwa. Hanyar gaba ɗaya kuma ta dindindin immersing tushen strawberry a cikin ruwa bai dace ba, kamar yadda suke ruɓe cikin sauƙi.
Irin nau’in strawberry na remontant sun fi dacewa da tsire-tsire: Festivalnaya, Miracle, Freska, Olivia. Bugu da kari, iri irin su: Crown, Gigantela, Elizaveta, da dai sauransu. Bada ‘ya’yan itace masu kyau, nau’ikan masu girma da masu lanƙwasa sun tabbatar da kyau wajen noma a tsaye.
Don tabbatar da ingancin kayan dasa shuki, yana da kyau a ba da odar shuke-shuken da aka shigo da su, kamar yadda aka tara tarin kwarewa na tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin hydroponics a kasashen waje. Amma zaku iya tono tsirran da suka dace da girmansu a cikin lambun ku. Bayan daidaitawa, waɗannan shrubs kuma za su yi girma kuma su ba da ‘ya’ya. Strawberry bushes zai buƙaci maye gurbin kawai bayan shekaru 3.
Yana da mahimmanci a wanke tushen sosai daga tarkacen ƙasa kuma a jiƙa na tsawon sa’o’i 2-3 a cikin ruwa mai tsabta.
kayan aikin shiri
Don ƙididdige ma’auni da ake buƙata da pH (acidity) na bayani, ana buƙatar ƙididdiga na musamman da ilimi. Da farko, yana da sauƙi kuma mafi aminci don siyan maganin gina jiki da aka shirya. An diluted da ruwa mai narkewa a cikin adadin da aka nuna a cikin umarnin. Ana auna acidity na bayani da ƙaddamar da wasu abubuwa don sarrafawa ta amfani da na’urori na musamman.
Lita 10 na bayani ya isa ga tsire-tsire 50-70.
Yayin da kake samun kwarewa a cikin ci gaba na noman tsire-tsire, za’a iya canza abun da ke ciki da kuma maida hankali na maganin dangane da abubuwan waje da kuma yanayin yanayin tsire-tsire.
Abun da aka zaɓa ba daidai ba zai iya haifar da ci gaban ci gaba, talauci ko rashin ‘ya’yan itace da mutuwar shuka.
Babban amfani da wannan tsarin shine cewa ana iya shigar dashi a ko’ina: a cikin kabad, loggias, terraces, rataye a bango, da dai sauransu.
Ƙa’idar hawa
- Tare da taimakon hoses da famfo, maganin gina jiki zai gudana ta cikin bututu kuma ya koma cikin akwati.
A wannan yanayin, ba lallai ba ne don ci gaba da famfo a matsayin aiki a duk lokacin. Ya isa a kunna shi sau da yawa a rana don rabin sa’a.
- Ana iya dage farawa tsarin tsarin bututu duka a kwance da kuma a tsaye.
An riga an yanke ramukan tukunya a cikin bututun PVC. An ƙaddara nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ta hanyar yanayin agrotechnical don haɓaka amfanin gona da aka zaɓa a cikin ƙasa na yau da kullun, amma yana iya zama ƙasa kaɗan. Don haka, don strawberries, nisa na 20-30 cm zai isa.
- Don ƙungiyar hasken baya, ana amfani da fitilun LED na jagora na shuɗi ko ja bakan.
Hakanan ana amfani da fitilun induction 600 watt. Hakanan za’a buƙaci allo mai haske don hana haske daga watsewa. Strawberries suna da matukar damuwa ga rashin haske.
- Dole ne ku kiyaye shi da humidifier.
Kuna buƙatar kiyaye shi da ɗanɗano tare da humidifier. A lokuta da ba kasafai ba, zaku iya yin hakan tare da feshin da aka saba daga kwalban feshi.
Hydroponics shine yiwuwar makomar noma. Ga mazauna birni waɗanda ba su da ɗakunan rani, wannan wata dama ce ta samun, ba tare da barin gida ba, adadin da ake buƙata na sabbin kayan lambu, ganye da berries waɗanda aka noma, tare da ƙarancin kuɗi da ƙimar aiki.
Aikin lambu mai ci gaba hanya ce mai sauƙi, madaidaiciya kuma mara tsada don girma. Za a rage farashin bayan girbi na farko.
