potassium (alama K) wani muhimmin macronutrient ne, na uku mafi mahimmanci bayan nitrogen da phosphorus. A aikin gona, ana amfani da potassium gabaɗaya a cikin nau’in chloride (KCl); A cikin aikin noma a cikin hanyar sulfate (K2SO4); A cikin hydroponics kamar potassium nitrate (KNO3). Potassium wani sinadari ne na wayar hannu, wanda ke nufin yana iya motsawa cikin shuka. Lokacin da shuka ya gaza a cikin wannan nau’in, kayan abinci da ke cikin shuka ana jigilar su zuwa inda ake buƙata: zuwa kyallen jikin matasa. Sabili da haka, alamun ganye na ƙarancin potassium suna bayyana sau da yawa akan tsofaffin ganye. Potassium ya fi samuwa ga shuke-shuke a cikin mahalli tare da pH fiye da 5,5. A cikin mafi yawan acidic mafita, ba samuwa.
Potassium ayyuka
Potassium yana kula da ma’aunin ionic da yanayin ruwa a cikin shuka. Yana da hannu wajen samarwa da jigilar sukari a cikin shuka, kunna enzymes da haɗin sunadarai. Potassium kuma ya zama dole don hada pigments, musamman lycopene. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ions potassium suna buɗewa da rufe stomata (kamar shuka “numfashi”). Akwai kuma shaida mai ƙarfi cewa potassium yana ƙara juriya ga cututtuka. Silica, wanda ke taruwa da yawa idan akwai isasshen potassium, ana allurarsa a cikin bangon tantanin halitta, yana dagula Layer epidermal, wanda ke aiki a matsayin shinge na jiki daga cututtukan cututtuka.
Rashin potassium
Ɗaya daga cikin alamun farko na ba da labari na ƙarancin potassium shine bushewar tsire-tsire, har ma a matsakaicin yanayin zafi. Wannan yana biye da ƙona launin ruwan kasa da murƙushe ɓangarorin ƙananan ganyen, da kuma rawaya (chlorosis) tsakanin veins na ganye. Tabo masu launin shuɗi na iya bayyana a ƙarƙashin ganyen.
Tsire-tsire masu saurin kamuwa da ƙarancin potassium a tsakanin amfanin gona maras ƙasa sune tumatir, cucumbers, strawberries, da raspberries. Sauran amfanin gona masu kula da ƙarancin potassium: dankali, gooseberries, gooseberries, beets sugar, apples, clover.
A cikin tumatur, farkon ƙarancin potassium yawanci ana nuna shi da ƙarancin chlorosis wanda ke ci gaba da bushewa, kuna fata akan sabbin ganye. Wannan yana biye da haɓakar ƙona tsaka-tsaki da / ko necrosis, wanda ke ci gaba daga gefen ruwa zuwa tsakiya. Yayin da rashi ke tasowa, yawancin yanki na interveinal ya zama necrotic, veins sun kasance kore, kuma ganye suna da wuyar yin curling da wrinkling. Ba kamar ƙarancin nitrogen ba, chlorosis ba zai iya jurewa ba a lokuta na ƙarancin potassium. Tun da potassium yana da hannu sosai a cikin shuka, bayyanar cututtuka a cikin ƙananan ganye suna tasowa ne kawai a cikin matsanancin rashi.
Sauran alamomin kan tumatur sun haɗa da itace mai tushe da jinkirin girma. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sukan yi girma ba daidai ba kuma wani lokacin suna da aibobi koren dake kusa da gungu. Rashin potassium na iya haifar da matsaloli na ripening, ci gaban iri da bai kai ba (tsarin ya tsiro a cikin ‘ya’yan itacen). Alamun rashi na potassium na iya bayyana yayin girmar tayin. Wannan sanannen al’amari ne yayin da yawancin potassium ke canjawa zuwa ‘ya’yan itace masu tasowa.
Potassium yana samar da yawan amfanin gona a cikin amfanin gonar tumatir. Tumatir yana da ɗan ƙaramin abun ciki na potassium. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci don kula da ma’auni mai kyau na potassium tare da magnesium da calcium. Matsakaicin potassium yana iyakance sha daga sauran cations. Yawan sodium yana rage sha da jigilar potassium ta hanyar shuka don haka ya zama dole a kara matakan potassium don kiyaye ci gaban shuka.
Karancin potassium a cikin kokwamba yana sa tsofaffin ganye su zama rawaya kuma suna konewa. Wadannan alamomin suna farawa ne daga gefuna na ganye kuma suna yadawa tsakanin veins zuwa tsakiya. Manyan facin nama a kusa da manyan jijiyoyi suna zama kore har sai rashi ya ci gaba. Kone mai launin ruwan kasa yana tasowa a cikin wuraren rawaya kuma yana yada har sai ganyen ya bushe kuma yayi takarda. Yayin da kowane ganye ya mutu, wasu masu girma sama da harbe suna haifar da alamun iri ɗaya. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya tasowa da sauri a cikin yanayin zafi. Kwatanta alamun ganyen kokwamba da aka bayar anan sun yi kama da sauran kayan amfanin gona irin su kankana, kankana, kabewa, da pickles.
Misalan Alamomin Rashin Potassium
Daga hagu zuwa dama: rashin potassium a cikin alfalfa, sha’ir, masara, dankali, shinkafa, tumatir, strawberries.
Potassium wuce haddi
Yawan potassium zai iya haifar da ci gaba mai tsanani, ja, da rashin kyau. Yawan adadin potassium kuma zai iya yin gasa don sha wasu ions kamar calcium. Rashin isasshen sinadarin calcium na iya haifar da rubewa.
marmaro
- Hydroponics da m greenhouses. Fabrairu . 2017.
- Tarin hotunan rashi na gina jiki na al’adun IPNI.
