Karamin doki ya mamaye wani wuri na musamman tsakanin dabbobin gida. Wannan halitta mai dadi ta dade tana samun tagomashin masu kiwo, duk da cewa dokin dokin dokin da kyar ya fi dan shekara takwas tsayi. A baya, an yi amfani da ƙananan dawakai azaman masu ɗaukar nauyi. Ga duk ƙananan girman su, suna da juriya sosai kuma suna da tsarin tsarin tsoka.
Mini-dawakai
Janar bayanai da bayanin na waje
A karon farko ƙananan dawakai sun bayyana a yankin tsibirin Turai. Kakansa tsohon dokin daji ne. Ƙarfin ginin da kuma bayyanar ya faru ne saboda yanayin yanayi mai tsanani na yankunan arewa. Dokin dawakai ya shahara saboda gajeriyar tsayinsa, mai gashi da karfi da rugujewar jiki. Dokin dokin doki, saboda girmansu, na iya ciyar da daidai gwargwado a kan daskararren kasa na arewa. Gashi mai kauri ya ƙyale foals su dace da yanayin sanyi, suna ba da kyakkyawar kariya daga iska mai sanyi.
Ƙananan dawakai suna da matsakaicin tsayi na 140 cm, ƙaramin wakilin yana da tsayin 80 cm. Duk da haka, nauyinsu yana da kilo 100 zuwa 200. Ƙananan dawakai suna da nauyin kilo 14. Har zuwa yau, ana kiyaye irin waɗannan wakilai har ma a cikin yanayin gida kamar dabbobin gida, irin su kuliyoyi da karnuka.
Ƙananan dawakai a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban suna cikin nau’ikan girma daban-daban. Alal misali, a cikin Birtaniya, nau’in pony ya hada da duk wakilan da tsayinsa bai wuce 150 cm ba, kuma a Jamus – 120 cm. A Rasha, ana amfani da sikelin 80-140 cm.
Babban halayen da ya lashe zukatan masu shayarwa shine tsayi mai tsayi da kyan gani. Daga gare ta ake saƙa kyawawa masu kyau. Ƙananan dawakai sun shahara musamman ga yara. Ana amfani da su don koya wa yara hawan dawakai, da kuma maganin hippotherapy.
nau’in doki
Har zuwa yau, kowa ya saba da tunanin cewa dokin doki iri ne na zuriya. Koyaya, ainihin manufarsa shine aiki tuƙuru a cikin ma’adinai. Kundin tsarin mulki ya ba mu damar ɗaga ma’aunin nauyi wanda ya ninka namu sau da yawa: kusan kilogiram 400.
Akwai kimanin nau’ikan dawakai guda 20. Yi la’akari da mafi mashahuri.
Mini Shetland Horses ɗaya ne daga cikin tsoffin nau’ikan da ke zaune a tsibiran Shetland. Jikin dokin dodanniya siriri ne, mai ƙarfi. A yau ana amfani da su azaman doki ga yara. Dabbobin dabbobi suna da halin kirki. Girmansa ya bar kawai 145 cm, launi pinto.
Karamin doki na Scotland, sunan tsakiya shine Highland. Habitat – Scotland. Girmansa shine 122-147 cm. A cikin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) nau’i. Dawakan dwarf na Welsh sun kasu kashi uku:
Ana amfani da cob a wasannin polo. Tsawon su ya bambanta daga 122 zuwa 159 cm.
An rarraba ƙananan dawakai a matsayin ƙananan dabbobin kayan aiki. Suna da sauƙin bambancewa ta fata mai sauƙi a kusa da hanci da kwallin ido, da kuma ta bay da launin ruwan kasa.
Ƙananan dawakai na Iceland gajere ne. Matsakaicin girma na Icelanders shine kawai 137 cm, kuma ana samun wasu mutane waɗanda ba su wuce 100 cm ba. Wadannan dawakai na iya gudu, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suke da daraja a tsakanin masu kiwon dawakai.
Falabella yana daya daga cikin shahararrun nau’in dwarf. Matsakaicin girma shine 86 cm. Nauyin jiki ya kai kilogiram 25.
Ƙananan Amurkawa
An haifa ɗan ƙaramin dokin Amurka ne ta zaɓi. Iyaye – Falabella da Shetlendets. Tsawo – 86 cm, yana da kyakkyawan yanayin daidaitaccen jiki.
Karamin doki na Amurka yana siffanta da sifofin bayyanannen muzzle. Manya-manyan idanuwa kawai suke yi. Waɗannan dawakai sun haɓaka tsoka sosai. Gaɓoɓin gaɓoɓin suna daidaitawa.
Appaloosa
Appaloosa dokin Amurka ne da Indiyawa suka reno. Manufar kiwo shine don rage yawan ci gaban wakilan talakawa. Indiyawan Arewacin Amirka sun tashe su, suna haye Appalois tare da dokin Turai.
Sakamakon zaɓin ya wuce duk tsammanin: nau’in ya zama ƙaramin kwafin Appaloosa. Dokin Amurka sun shahara sosai tare da masu kiwo a duniya. Tsayin a cikin ƙura shine 1 m. Babban bambanci tsakanin nau’in shine launi mai laushi.
Ana ajiye dokin Amurka a matsayin dabbobi, yanayinsu baya barin ayi amfani da su azaman dabbobi.
Hanyoyin salon zamani a duniyar dabbobi
Ƙananan doki da nau’in doki nau’in dabbobi ne daban-daban guda biyu. Ƙananan dawakai sun fi guntu doki. Mafi sau da yawa, girma su bai wuce 86 cm ba. Ana bambanta doki da babban jiki. Ponies a mafi yawancin lokuta suna guje wa zamantakewar mutane, sun fi kasala da matsawa, yayin da ƙananan dawakai, akasin haka, dabbobi ne masu dacewa da juna waɗanda suke son yin hulɗa da mutane.
Ba duk wakilan dawakai na mini-jinsuna suna bambanta ta hanyar jiki mai kyau da daidaituwa ba. Dwarfism cuta ce da ke haifar da ci gaban dabba.Dwarfism na iya zama sakamakon:
- curvature na kashin baya,
- pathologies na ci gaban da extremities.
Kusan duk waɗannan pathologies sune dalilin cin zarafi a cikin aikin gabobin ciki. Sai dai matsalolin lafiya ba sa hana mutane siyan irin wadannan dabbobi kwata-kwata. Bisa kididdigar kididdigar da aka yi, irin wannan dabbar tana kashe dubun-dubatar daloli, wasu ma suna neman rabin miliyan.
Me ya sa, a gaskiya, dabbobi ba su girma
Ƙananan dawakai sun shahara a duk faɗin duniya, amma mutane kaɗan ne suka san ainihin dalilan dwarfism. A cewar wasu rahotanni, an haifi ƙaramin doki na farko a cikin 50s na karni na XNUMXth. Comprachicos sun yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar sabon nau’in doki don nishadantar da jama’a kuma ba za su kashe sarari da kuɗi mai yawa don adana dabbobi masu tsada ba.
Ƙananan dawakai na Amurka ba a yi kiwo na musamman ba. Tun yana ƙarami, an yaye ɗan baƙon daga ƙwanƙwasa. Irin waɗannan foals suna da ƙarancin abinci, kuma mafi mahimmanci, an kawar da madarar mahaifiyar gaba ɗaya daga abincin, wanda ya zama babban dalilin rashin ci gaban dabba. Tare da wannan abincin, jiki yana rasa abubuwan gina jiki masu yawa, ciki har da calcium.
A sakamakon rashin abinci mai gina jiki, jariran suna haɓaka rickets kuma suna rage yawan rigakafi. Duk da cewa yawancin wakilan doki na Amurka suna rayuwa na dogon lokaci, wannan ba ya soke azabar dabbobi. Rashin haɓaka nama na kasusuwa da rage yawan rigakafi yana da tasiri mai karfi akan yanayin kiwon lafiya.
Tun bayan bayyanar dawakai na farko, haifuwarsu ya zama sananne sosai, amma wannan hujja ba ta da iko da hukuma. Kiwo irin waɗannan dawakai abu ne mai sauƙi, kuma kowa zai iya yin hakan, duk da yanayin cututtukan cututtukan dabbobi a duk rayuwarsu. Akwai wani sigar asalin wannan nau’in. A cewar wasu bayanai, an datse garken garken daga waje sakamakon zabtarewar kasa. A cikin wurin da aka rufe babu wani abinci sai cacti. Na dogon lokaci, dawakai suna rayuwa kuma suna kiwo a cikin rufaffiyar wuri. A kowane lokaci, zuriyar sun kasance ƙanana da ƙanana.
Halayen ƙananan wakilai
Ko da ƙananan girma, ƙananan dawakai na iya ɗaukar kaya fiye da sau 20 nauyinsu. Wata sifa ita ce tattalin arzikin irin ta fuskar abinci. Karamin doki yana shan abinci sau da yawa kasa da doki. Ƙananan dabbobi sun sami ƙaunar masu kiwo saboda rashin fahimtarsu da halin fita.
Saboda gaskiyar cewa dwarfism har yanzu sakamakon rashin haɓaka tsarin gabobin jiki da tsarin musculoskeletal, dole ne a yi amfani da su a hankali a cikin sufuri. Kuna iya hawa su a kan yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 3 da ba su wuce 20 kg ba.
Inda suke amfani da basirar crumbs
An yi amfani da nau’in doki na doki cikin nasara a matsayin karnuka jagora ga makafi. A wannan yanayin, har ma sun zagaya karnuka masu jagora. A yau, an samar da dokoki na amfani da horar da dawakai musamman don wannan dalili. Babban fa’idar doki a cikin irin wannan al’amari mai wahala shine tsawon rayuwarsa. Duk da ciwonsa, jaririn yana rayuwa a matsakaicin shekaru 30 kuma tare da kulawa mai kyau, duk 50. Doki yana da sauƙin horarwa kuma ana iya horar da shi a duk rayuwarsa kuma saboda haka don inganta ƙwarewa.
Wani babban ƙari shine ra’ayi. A cikin dawakai na dwarf, kewayon hangen nesa shine 360 °. Suna da kyau a sararin samaniya da dare. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, suna da daidaiton hali, don haka ba shi yiwuwa a shagala daga babban aikin.
Saboda gaskiyar cewa dawakai dabbobin garken dabbobi ne, suna da ƙasƙanci na musamman, sabili da haka, a cikin dangantaka, mutum ya kamata ya sanya kansa a matsayin jagora, kuma riga – a matsayin aboki da abokin tarayya. Sai kawai a cikin wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a sami dabba mai aminci da biyayya. Irin wannan jagorar da ba a saba gani ba dole ne ya sanya takalma na musamman a cikin ɗakin don kada kofofin su zamewa a kan parquet ko linoleum.
ƙarshe
A yau, kimanin nau’in doki 20 an san su. Babban banbanci tsakanin kananan doki da doki shine tsayinsu, kananan doki sun fi takwarorinsu karami. An bambanta su ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali da halin abokantaka. Babban fa’idarsa shine kyawawan bayanan waje. Duk da haka, wannan ba nasara ce ta kimiyyar zamani ba.
Dwarfism shine ilimin cututtuka a cikin ci gaban tsarin musculoskeletal sakamakon rashin ma’adanai da bitamin, da kuma raguwa a cikin juriya na jiki gaba ɗaya. Mummunan cututtuka a cikin ci gaban nama na kashi yana haifar da sauye-sauye a cikin aiki na tsarin gabobin jiki a ko’ina cikin jiki. Irin wannan mugunyar ɓarna ba sa hana mutane haifuwa kwata-kwata kuma nau’in yana ƙara shahara a duniya.
Mutane nawa, ra’ayoyi da yawa sun wanzu game da asalin tseren. Wasu majiyoyi sun ce ’yan iskan na fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki musamman, ’yan wasa masu tafiye-tafiyen dawaki tun suna kanana don nishadantar da jama’a da dabbobi masu ban sha’awa. Wasu majiyoyi sun ce da zarar wata garke sakamakon zabtarewar kasa ta kare a wani wuri da ke rufe, inda banda cacti, babu wani abu. Sakamakon daidaitawa zuwa yanayi masu wahala, zuriya sun sami raguwa a kowace shekara, wanda ya haifar da maye gurbi a matakin kwayoyin halitta.
