Lokacin dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse –

Dasa tumatir a kan lokaci a cikin greenhouse da kulawar da ta dace zai kara yawan amfanin gona a cikin kaka. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci kwanakin saukowa masu dacewa.

Dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse

Me yasa shuka tumatir a cikin greenhouse?

Tumatir girma yana da halaye da yawa. Wasu lambu sun fi son shuka amfanin gona a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, yayin da wasu – a cikin yanayin greenhouse. Tare da kula da shuka mai kyau, gina greenhouse zai kawo fa’idodi da yawa. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin greenhouse yana da sauƙi don ƙirƙirar yanayin microclimate. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin iska, saboda ƙaura, babban adadin carbon dioxide yana ƙunshe, wanda ya shafi amfanin gona da aka shuka.

Wani amfani na greenhouses shine kariyar shuke-shuke daga cututtuka da kwari. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, babu abin da zai yi barazana ga bushes. Babban abu shi ne cewa dasa tumatir zuwa wani wuri na dindindin ana gudanar da shi a lokacin da ya dace.

Ayyukan shiri

Ƙungiyar dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse ya haɗa da matakai da yawa. An biya kulawa ta musamman ga shirye-shiryen tsarin. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayi masu kyau a wurin da mai lambu yayi shirin shuka bishiyoyin tumatir:

1. Wajibi ne don ƙayyade fasalin ƙirar tsarin. A yau, masu lambu suna yin tsari daga polyethylene, gilashi, da polycarbonate. Zaɓin mafi riba na ƙarshe. Gaskiyar ita ce, samfurin polycarbonate yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi kuma wannan ƙirar za ta kasance a gona don shekaru 3-10.
2. Tumatir bushes bukatar ba kawai carbon dioxide, amma kuma sabo ne iska. Kuna buƙatar yin tunani a gaba game da wurin da taga taga da kofofin cikin dakin.
3. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la’akari da wurin kayan aikin lambu da tsarin ban ruwa (shigar da ganga na ruwa ko drip na zamani ko tsarin ban ruwa na atomatik). Wannan wajibi ne don dasa tumatir, da kuma ayyukan kula da amfanin gona sun dace da mai lambu.
4. Shigar da na’urorin hasken wuta (hasken wucin gadi shine muhimmin ɓangare na ƙungiyar yanayin haɓaka mai kyau).
5. Shirya ƙasa. Don tumatir, nau’in ƙasa mai laushi ko yashi mai yashi sun dace.

Kasancewar sills taga da dogo a cikin greenhouse shine abin da ake buƙata don ƙirƙirar microclimate na yau da kullun don tumatir. Tumatir yana amsa rashin ƙarfi ga babban zafi. Mafi kyawu a gare shi shine 45-50%. A cikin rufaffiyar greenhouse bayan shayarwa, zafi na iska yana ƙaruwa zuwa 80-90%. Wannan na iya haifar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ana shuka tumatir ne kawai a wuraren da ba a yi girma a baya ba. Abubuwan amfanin gona da suka gabata na dangin nightshade iri ɗaya na iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta cututtuka iri ɗaya da kwari da kuma mutuwar bishiyoyin tumatir. Da farkon bazara, wajibi ne don takin ƙasa daidai. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da humus da gawayi don waɗannan dalilai. Amfanin taki shine kilogiram 6-10 na humus a kowace m1 da gilashin gawayi a wuri guda.

Don kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, kafin saukar da tsire-tsire, dole ne a lalata ƙasa. Hanya mafi inganci ita ce fesa ƙasa tare da potassium permanganate da mahadi masu ɗauke da tagulla. Sai bayan irin wannan sarrafa zai yiwu a fara dasa tumatir.

Ba wai kawai ƙasa ba, har ma duk gine-ginen greenhouse suna buƙatar lalata su. A cikin gida, cututtuka da yawa suna tasowa da sauri. Kafin kakar wasa ta gaba, ana fitar da greenhouse tare da saber sulfur. Don yin wannan, an rufe shi ta hanyar hermetically don tsawon lokacin ƙona kwakwalwan kwamfuta kuma ana watsa shi bayan sa’o’i 2-3.

Yaushe ya kamata a shuka tumatir?

Kafin dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse, ya zama dole don ƙayyade lokacin da ya dace don wannan. Sun dogara da halaye na tsarin, iska da zafin jiki na ƙasa, shekarun harbe, da kuma halayen haɓakarsu.

Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci wanda aka yi amfani da tsire-tsire: mai girma ko saya. Tare da tsire-tsire masu girma a gida daga iri, zai zama sauƙi. Mai lambu na iya ƙididdige lokacin shuka iri da girma da kansa a lokacin da ake buƙata.

Gyara

Tsarin greenhouse yana shafar lokacin shuka tumatir

Lokacin shirya don dasa shukar da aka shuka iri a cikin greenhouse, zaɓin sharuɗɗan sharuɗɗa zai dogara da halayen gine-ginen greenhouse.

Tare da tsarin polycarbonate da kuma aiwatar da matakan farko na aikin gona yadda ya kamata, zai yiwu a shuka tumatir e a cikin Afrilu. Amma waɗanda za su yi greenhouse don tumatir daga fim ko gilashi za su dasa shuki a farkon Mayu. Gaskiyar ita ce, polycarbonate ba kawai abu ne mai ɗorewa ba fiye da gilashi ko polyethylene, amma kuma yana da kyawawan kaddarorin thermal.

Mafi girman yankin greenhouse da girmansa, mafi kyawun shi ‘yana kula da’ zafin jiki. Ƙananan greenhouses suna kwantar da sauri da dare.

Yanayin girma

Akwai wasu siffofi na zabar lokacin da ya dace don dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse. Suna da alaƙa da tsarin zafin jiki da kuma hanyar girma seedlings.

Lokacin dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse:

1. Kuna iya fara dasa shuki idan yanayin iska da ƙasa sun tabbata. Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙasa shine 16 ° C, don iska 20 ° C.
2. A watan Afrilu, idan wuraren suna sanye take da ƙarin polyethylene Layer ko kuma an shigar da tsarin dumama. Ba tare da ƙarin kayan aiki ba, ana shuka shuka a watan Mayu.
3. Idan seedlings sun wuce hanyar hardening. Tsire-tsire masu girma za su zama ƙasa da buƙata a cikin sabbin yanayi, idan an canza su zuwa wuri mai sanyi na kwanaki 7-10. Zai fi kyau a hankali ƙara tsayin tsayin bushes na matasa a cikin sanyi don kada ya lalata su.

Ana iya yin sanyaya a gida. Kuna iya fitar da tukwane na furanni tare da shrubs akan baranda ko loggia. Ranar farko, zama a cikin sanyi yana iyakance ga minti 30. A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, ana iya ƙara taurin a cikin sa’o’i 1-2. Amma, kaddara ta bi kaddara. Idan rana tana haskakawa ta taga akan baranda, ya kamata tsire-tsire su kasance a cikin inuwa don guje wa ƙona ganye.

Muna dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse da aka yi da polycarbonate ko wani abu a cikin ƙasa da aka riga aka yi takin, zuba a kan dumi, ruwa mai tsabta da ciyawa. Hanya ta ƙarshe ta zama dole don an adana danshi ya daɗe a cikin ƙasa. Ƙunƙarar aiki mai aiki zai iya yin illa ga rayuwar matasa bushes zuwa sababbin yanayi. Ana aiwatar da ƙarin matakan kulawa kawai bayan ‘yan kwanaki.

Seedling shekaru da bayyanar

Muddin an yi greenhouse da polycarbonate, za ku iya dasa inuwar dare ba tare da tsoron sanyin bazara ba. Za a ƙayyade kwanakin dasa shuki ta hanyar halayen haɓakar shuka. Gaskiyar ita ce, nau’in tumatir daban-daban suna da shekarun da suka dace don dasa shuki:

• matsananci balagagge – 25-30 days,
• farkon ripening – 30-35 days,
• farkon da tsakiyar farkon: kwanaki 35-40,
• tsakiyar rana da kuma marigayi: 40-45 days.

Rashin lahani na wannan hanya shine rashin iya ƙidaya kwanaki lokacin da aka riga aka saya shuka shuka.Saboda haka, masu lambu ba sa amfani da shi. Mafi sau da yawa suna lura da yanayin daji:

• 6-8 ganye masu kyau,
• tushe mai girma,
• rassan tushen tsarin.

A cewar masu aikin lambu, yana da kyau kada su girma seedlings: lokacin da harbe na farko suka bayyana akan bushes, shuka ya zama ba zai yiwu ba. Duk wani canjin yanayi zai haifar da sake kafa furanni da mutuwar duk inuwar dare.

Yadda ake shuka tumatir

Tsarin dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse ya haɗa da:

1. Tono ramuka. Don ƙananan bushes, tsari na ramuka a cikin chessboard ya dace; ga masu tsayi, nisa tsakanin mai tushe dole ne a yi la’akari da shi. Tsire-tsire masu tasiri: 60-70 cm daga juna.
2. Seedling jeri. An tsoma bushes a hankali a cikin ramuka kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai laushi na 4-5 cm.
3. Yin tono a kusurwa. Lambu suna ba da shawarar dasa su a kusurwa, wanda ke da tasiri ga samuwar ƙarin tushen.

Ba lallai ba ne a bugu da žari a takin ƙasa, saboda an haɗa suturar saman a cikin matakan shirye-shiryen da aka yi daidai. Tushen ash da humus da aka gabatar za su ba matasa ciyayi ƙarfi don haɓaka aiki a sabon wurin girma.

ƙarshe

Lokacin da ya dace don dasa shuki tumatir a cikin yanayin greenhouse ya dogara da yadda layout kanta, da halaye na waje da shekaru na seedlings. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da greenhouse polycarbonate da shuka kawai waɗannan bushes waɗanda ganye 5-7 suka bayyana. Mafi dacewa lokacin dasawa da inuwar dare shine makonni 3-4 a watan Afrilu ko farkon Mayu.