Marble kabewa iri-iri ne na musamman wanda, bisa ga bayanin, ya bambanta da nau’in kabewa na gargajiya ta launin fata, juiciness, da zaƙi. Bred ta Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arzikin Tsirrai ta Krasnodar. A cikin 1975, an fara noma shi a yankin Arewacin Caucasus.
Ruwan marmara
Bayanin iri-iri
Kayan lambu nau’in nutmeg ne da ke da takamaiman halaye masu ɗanɗano kuma masu yawan carotene da sukari.
Bayanin iri-iri:
- yana da siffa mai laushi,
- saman yana wrinkled, ya kasu kashi na halaye.
- launin fata yana da launin toka, a wasu lokuta – launin toka mai duhu tare da koren tint, yana da launin toka mai haske da ratsi suna wucewa tsakanin sassan,
- na manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, matsakaicin nauyin ‘ya’yan itacen shine 4.5-5 kg, duk da haka, akwai wasu samfurori da suka kai 10 kg.
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da launin karas, ɗan wari na nutmeg, a cikin tsari yana da yawa, bisa ga bayanin dandano yana da taushi, m kuma mai dadi, tsawon tsaba shine 1-3 cm.
Marble squash shine tsakiyar kakar kaka. Lokacin maturation, daga lokacin bayyanar seedling zuwa girbi na farkon amfanin gona, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 130-140.
Abubuwan da ake samu – 1.6-3 kg na 1 m².
Amfanin
Bayanin kayan lambu yana nuna cewa ‘ya’yan itace ba ya fashe. Ana iya adana kayan lambu na dogon lokaci. Kayan lambu yana da juriya ga rot, wanda sau da yawa yakan bayyana akan sauran kabewa. Ana ci danye da sarrafa shi. A cikin aiwatar da maganin zafi, ba ya rasa halayen gastronomic, tsarinsa ya zama kama da dankali mai dankali tare da dandano mai dadi na nutmeg.
disadvantages
Bayanin gourd marmara yana nuna cewa yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa yayin girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe:
- baya jurewa shading,
- yana buƙatar ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki,
- yana bukatar dogon hasken rana,
- baya jure yanayin zafi kadan,
- baya jurewa fari.
Idan ka karya dokokin namo, ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari ci gaba da m jinkiri, fara girma karami, da amfanin gona partially ganima, da balagagge kayan lambu da undeveloped iri capsules.
Halaye da namo
Iri-iri na marmara gourds al’ada girma a bude ƙasa ƙasa, domin ya dace da kudancin yankunan da zafi sauyin yanayi. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin yanayin yanayi mai sanyi, kayan lambu sun rasa zaƙi, ba shi da lokacin yin girma a cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin rani.
Ana shirya wurin dasa
Ya kamata a kafa gado a wuri mai rana
An kafa gadon a cikin yankin hasken rana, rufe ta hanyar igiyoyin iska kai tsaye. Suna shirya ridges a cikin fall. Tona ƙasa kuma a lokaci guda kawo humus a cikin lissafin 3-4 kg a kowace 1 m².
Noman marmara iri-iri na buƙatar kasancewar ƙasa mai albarka sosai ba tare da yawan acidity ba.
A cikin bazara, ana ƙara takin mai ɗauke da potassium da phosphorus a cikin ƙasa kafin shuka iri. Ana ƙara ash ko lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa acidified.
Shirye-shiryen iri
Ana shirya tsaba na kabewa don dasa shuki ta hanyar pretreatment:
- mai zafi na awanni 12 a zazzabi na 40 ° C;
- na tsawon sa’o’i 12 a jika a cikin maganin ash a zafin jiki (lita 1 na ash a cikin lita 2 na ruwa),
- bushe.
Shuka
Yawancin lokaci ana shuka iri na marmara iri-iri ba tare da germination na farko ba. Ana sanya iri da aka shirya don dasa a cikin ƙasa lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai 13 ° C ko fiye.
Matakan shuka:
- a cikin ƙasa Layer a nesa na 0.5 m. (kimanin 0.3 m) rijiyoyin 5-6 cm zurfi,
- a zuba lita 2 na ruwan zafi a cikin kowane rami.
- bayan shayar da ruwa gaba daya, ana sanya tsaba 2-3 a cikin rami.
- daga sama, an rufe tsaba da ƙasa ko gauraye a daidai sassa tare da humus tare da busassun kayan ma’adinai.
Ƙunƙarar nutmeg mai zafi mai zafi a farkon mataki bayan dasa shuki ana kiyaye shi daga yiwuwar sanyi, rufe ta fim ko agrofiber. Ana cire kayan a lokacin da yanayin ya tsaya da dumi.
Karin kulawa
Ƙarin kulawa ga nau’in nutmeg ya haɗa da bakin ciki, shayarwa, sako, da sutura.
Slimming
Lokacin da ganye 3 suka bayyana akan tsire-tsire, ana diluted dasa, barin ɗaya kawai, mafi ƙarfi daga cikin harbe 2-3 da aka dasa, an cire sauran. A lokaci guda, ba a tayar da su don hana lalacewar tsarin tushen ba, amma an yanke su.
Watse
Iri-iri na son zafi
Duban marmara yana son danshi, saboda bayan dasa shuki ana shayar da tsaba kowace rana har sai sprouts ya bayyana. Ana buƙatar shayar da kabewa mai girma yayin da ƙasa ta bushe, yayin da adadin ruwa ya karu zuwa lita 5 a kowace daji 1. Ana zubar da ruwa sosai a ƙarƙashin tushen, kuma kafin aikin, an sassauta ƙasa ba tare da taɓa tsarin tushen ba.
Ciyawa
Kawar da ciyawa kai tsaye yana shafar girman ‘ya’yan itatuwa na gaba. Weeds suna ɗaukar babban ɓangare na abinci mai gina jiki na ma’adinai, yana lalata ƙananan harbe masu tasowa. Har ila yau, kawar da ciyawa yana taimakawa tsaftace sarari tsakanin kayan lambu da kuma ƙara yawan iska zuwa tushen.
Abincin
Hadi yana da mahimmanci don cikakken ci gaban iri-iri, saboda yana son ƙasa mai laushi. Ana yin babban suturar makwanni 3 bayan shuka:
- da farko ana hada kayan lambu tare da mafita a cikin kaji ko mullein droppings,
- A mataki na samuwar inflorescence da bayyanar ‘ya’yan itace, suna amfani da sutura iri ɗaya kuma suna ƙara ash a ciki. da ma’adinan ma’adinai.
Ana ciyar da ma’adinan da ba su da ma’adinai sau da yawa a wata.
Girbi da adana amfanin gona
Girbi nau’in muscat na matsakaici-cikakke yawanci yana faruwa a ƙarshen lokacin rani, kuma a cikin yankuna mara kyau na yanayi yana farawa ba a baya fiye da kaka ba. Kafin girbi kayan lambu, suna yin wasu ayyuka:
- jira ganyen kabewa ya bushe gaba daya.
- zabi rana mai dumi da haske don ɗaukar kayan lambu,
- Ka bar wutsiya lokacin da kake datse tushen aƙalla tsawon 4 cm.
Don ajiya, an zaɓi kayan lambu gabaɗaya da cikakke. Don adana kayan lambu, zaɓi ɗakin bushewa inda zafin jiki ba ya faɗi ƙasa da 12 ° C. Dangane da waɗannan yanayi, kayan lambu suna riƙe da kyan gani na waje da ƙimar gastronomic na shekara 1.
ƙarshe
Gourd marmara na da cikakken muscat iri. Ya bambanta a cikin launin kore-launin toka, wanda aka rarraba ta tube. Ana girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin yankuna da yanayin yanayi mai dumi, inda sanyi ya fara ba a farkon Oktoba ba.
